Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt.

American dragonhead
false dragonhead
dragonhead
dragon's head

American dragonhead is classified as rare in New York. Its state rank
there is listed as S1 (critically imperiled in New York State because of
extreme rarity or is extremely vulnerable to extirpation from New York
State due to biological factors) [30].

More info for the term: forb

American dragonhead is a native annual, biennial, or short-lived
perennial forb. Solitary or clustered stems arise from a taproot and
are 6 to 32 inches (15-80 cm) tall [8]. Leaves are coarsely serrate and
flowers are crowded in a dense terminal or axillary cluster. The fruits
are nutlets [29].

American dragonhead is distributed from Quebec to Alaska, south to
Arizona in the West, Missouri in the central United States, and North
Carolina in the East [8,12,29].

More info for the terms: fire regime, stand-replacing fire

Seedbanked American dragonhead seeds are fire activated, germinating
after even severe fire [22]. American dragonhead flowers during the
first few postfire years. New seeds remain dormant in the soil until
the next stand-replacing fire or other disturbance occurs [1].

FIRE REGIMES :
Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this
species may occur by entering the species name in the FEIS home page under
"Find FIRE REGIMES".

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More info for the term: hemicryptophyte

Hemicryptophyte

American dragonhead commonly grows on open, moist sites [8,17,20] and in
disturbed areas [9,15,18]. In the Great Plains it grows on gravelly
soils along streams, in open woodlands, or on moist wooded hillsides
[15]. In the Northeast, American dragonhead is found on rocky or
gravelly calcareous soils in recently cleared areas [12]. It occurs
from 4,500 to 10,000 feet (1,360-3,000 m) elevation in Colorado [16],
and from 4,850 to 10,890 feet (1,470-3,300 m) elevation in Utah [29].

Some species commonly associated with American dragonhead include russet
buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis), Oregon-grape (Mahonia repens),
snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.), serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.), western
yarrow (Achillea millefolium), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), heartleaf
arnica (Arnica cordifolia), fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium), Bicknell
geranium (Geranium bicknellii), and wild hollyhock (Iliamna rivularis)
[1,4].

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This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

More info for the term: cover

Occurs in most SAF Cover Types within its range

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This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

More info for the term: shrub

FRES10 White - red - jack pine
FRES11 Spruce - fir
FRES19 Aspen - birch
FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES23 Fir - spruce
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon - juniper
FRES44 Alpine
Probably occurs in other ecosystems, but information is lacking

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This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

Occurs in most Kuchler Plant Associations within its range

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This species is known to occur in association with the following Rangeland Cover Types (as classified by the Society for Range Management, SRM):

More info for the term: cover

Occurs in most SRM Cover Types within its range

More info for the term: forb

Forb

AK AZ CO CT DE ID IL IN IA
KY ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT
NE NV NH NJ NM NY ND OH OR
PA RI SD UT VT WA WV WI WY

AB BC MB NT ON PQ SK YT

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American dragonhead flowers from June to August in the Intermountain
region [8], and from June to September in the Great Plains [15].

More info for the terms: cover, density, succession

American dragonhead is a residual colonizer that is prominent in initial
postfire communities, even after holocaustic fires [26].

After fire in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) habitats in central
Idaho, American dragonhead dominated the initial postfire vegetation.
Plants were absent from preburn communities and adjacent 20-year-old
burns. Frequencies in postfire years 1 and 2 were 96 and 100 percent,
respectively. American dragonhead comprised 30 percent of all plant
cover in the first postfire year and 37 percent of all cover in the
second postfire year. It's cover was greatly reduced by the third
growing season following the fire [21].

In ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) types in the Black Hills of South
Dakota, American dragonhead exhibited initial postfire prominence but
disappeared or greatly declined in importance by the second or third
postfire growing season [23]. It showed the same response in jack pine
(Pinus banksiana) habitats in Saskatchewan [6], white spruce (Picea
glauca) habitats in Alaska [28], quaking aspen (Populus
tremuloides)-mixed conifer types in Idaho [5], and in Douglas-fir
habitats in western Montana [7]. American dragonhead was present in
4-year-old and 29-year-old burns in pinyon (Pinus spp.)-juniper
(Juniperus spp.) habitats in Colorado, but cover was sparse [10]. It
played an important role in early succession after severe fires in fir
(Abies spp.)-spruce (Picea spp.) habitats in Grand Teton National Park,
Wyoming, but disappeared within 43 postfire years [2]. American
dragonhead had greater density in moderately-burned stands compared to
severely-burned lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands in Yellowstone
National Park [1].

More info for the term: secondary colonizer

Ground residual colonizer (on-site, initial community)
Secondary colonizer - on-site seed

American dragonhead is a seedbanking species. Seeds are large and are
not wind-dispersed. Buried seeds remain viable for a long period of
time [13]. Seeds require fire or other disturbance for germination
[20].

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This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

1 Northern Pacific Border
2 Cascade Mountains
3 Southern Pacific Border
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
14 Great Plains
15 Black Hills Uplift
16 Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands

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American dragonhead is prominent in initial or early successional
communities following disturbance [26]. Its seedbanking ability allows
colonization of disturbed areas even when no parent plants are present
[13]. American dragonhead has usually disappeared or declined in
importance within the first few years following disturbance [4].

Moldavica parviflora Britt.

The currently accepted scientific name of American dragonhead is
Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt. (Lamiaceae) [8,17,29]. There are no
recognized subspecies, varieties, or forms.

Dracocephalum parviflorum (lat. Dracocephalum parviflorum) - dalamazkimilər fəsiləsinin ilanbaşı cinsinə aid bitki növü.

Dracocephalum parviflorum, known as dragonhead mint or American dragonhead, is a wild North American mint growing across much of the United States (especially in the Great Lakes region and in the deserts and mountains of the West), as well as much of Canada and Alaska. It grows as either an annual or biennial, producing clusters of small pink to violet flowers in whorls at the ends of many branching stems. The seeds are small (about 2 mm), dark, and high in oil content, about 20%.

A 2006 study suggests that this mint may have application as a commercial birdseed crop in Alaska.

Dracocephalum parviflorum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hoa môi. Loài này được Nutt. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1818.