定義： A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable, and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
定義： A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water.
定義： An oceanodromous fish, like an anadromous or catadromous fish, is migratory. Unlike anadromous or catadromous fish, an oceanodromous fish spends its whole life in salt water.
定義： Fully formed eggs are retained and hatched inside the maternal body and are released as live offspring (Lincoln et al., 1998). No nutrition is derived from the mother
