Apistus is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Apistinae, the wasp scorpionfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. Its only species is the Apistus carinatus which has the common names ocellated waspfish, bearded waspfish, longfin waspfish or ringtailed cardinalfish, has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. This species has venom bearing spines in its fins.
Apistus was first described as a genus in 1829 by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier, Cuvier was describing the species Apistus alatus which was designated as the type species of the genus Apistus in 1876 by Pieter Bleeker.[3] A. alatus is a junior synonym of A. carinatus which had been described by the German naturalists Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in 1801 as Scorpaena carinata, with its type locality given as Tranquebar in India.[4] The genus Apistus is classified within the subfamily Apistinae which is classified within the family Scorpaenidae.[5] The genus name, Apistus, means "untrustworthy" or "perfidious", a name Cuvier explained as being due to the long and mobile spines around the eyes, which he described as “very offensive weapons that these fish use when you least expect it”. The specific name, carinatus, means "keeled", presumed to be an allusion to the bony ridges on the head.[6]
Apistus carinatus has a moderately elongated and compressed body. The lateral surface of the head is armed with a dense covering of bony ridges or keels, The rearmost pectoral-fin ray is separate from the rest of the fin.[7] There are between 14 and 16 spines and between 8 and 10 soft rays in the dorsal fin with 3 or 4 spines and 6 to 8 sot rays in the anal fin.[2] AThe overall colour is bluish to pinkish-grey with a large black ocellus on the rear of the spiny part of the dorsal fin, long pectoral fins are yellow and there are sensory barbels on the chin.[8] The ocellated waspfish attains a maximum total length of 20 cm (7.9 in) but 10 cm (3.9 in) is more typical.[2]
Apistus carinatus has a wide distribution in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It occurs from the Red Sea south along the eastern coast of Africa to South Africa, east along the coasts of the Arabian Sea and into the Andaman Sea into the Pacific Ocean as far as the Philippines north to the Bonin Islands and waters off Kyushu of Japan and south to Australia.[1] In Australian waters this species occurs from Shark Bay in Western Australia around the northern coast and south as far as off Newcastle in New South Wales on the east coast.[8] This species is a demersal fish which can be found at depths between 14 and 16 m (46 and 52 ft), although a more typical range is 15 to 50 m (49 to 164 ft),[2] on sandy or silty substrates.[8]
Apistus carinatus is a nocturnal predator which spends day buried in the sand, only exposing its eyes. If it is disturbed, the long pectoral fins are spread and their bright yellow colour is used to deter predators. It also uses these fins to corner prey and the sensitive barbels on the chin are able to detect pret buried in sand or mud. The spines in the dorsal and anal fins bear a venom gland.[2]
Apistus carinatus is a small sized, venomous fish and is of little interest to fisheries but it is caught in the Persian Gulf in trawl nests and sometimes in seine nets and in Australia as a bycatch in prawn fisheries.[1]
Apistus is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Apistinae, the wasp scorpionfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. Its only species is the Apistus carinatus which has the common names ocellated waspfish, bearded waspfish, longfin waspfish or ringtailed cardinalfish, has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. This species has venom bearing spines in its fins.
Apistus carinatus Apistus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Apistidae familian.
Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.
Apistus carinatus Apistus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Apistidae familian.
Apistus carinatus est une espèce de poissons osseux de la famille des Scorpaenidae. C'est la seule espèce du genre Apistus (monotypique).
Apistus carinatus est une espèce de poissons osseux de la famille des Scorpaenidae. C'est la seule espèce du genre Apistus (monotypique).
Apistus carinatus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van schorpioenvissen (Apistidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1801 door Bloch & Schneider.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
棱鬚蓑鮋（學名：Apistus carinatus），俗名國公、白虎[1]，為輻鰭魚綱鮋形目鮋亞目，舊屬鮋科[2]，今歸入鬚蓑鮋科鬚蓑鮋屬[3]，是一個單種屬。
本魚分布於印度洋及西太平洋區[1]，包括日本、東海、台灣、南海、紅海、波斯灣、印度、菲律賓、澳洲南部。
水深14~60公尺。[1]
本魚體型延長成橢圓形、側扁，頭背棘稜底平且弱；口斜大裂，吻圓鈍，頦部有2~3條的長鬚；胸鰭尖長，末端超過臀鰭基底，胸鰭最下方有1根游離軟條。體色為帶有金屬光澤之淺紅色，腹部及2根胸鰭游離鰭條白色，背鰭硬棘部有一黑色大圓斑，胸鰭有大片黑色斑紋，其餘各鰭散有橫列斑紋。背鰭硬棘14`16枚、軟條8~10枚，臀鰭硬棘3~4枚、軟條6~8枚。體長可達18公分[1]到20公分[3]。
本魚棲息在淺海之泥沙底質海底，為底棲性肉食魚類，用它的鰭把獵物迫至一隅而且嘴巴下有敏感的觸鬚探察埋藏在底部的甲殼類，鰭棘有毒，繁殖季節在春季。[1]
本物種的經濟價值低。
