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Sahyadria denisonii (Day 1865)

Denisonbarbe ( 德語 )

由wikipedia DE提供

Die Denisonbarbe (Sahyadria denisonii, Syn.: Crossocheilus denisonii, Puntius denisonii), auch Rotstreifenbarbe oder Rotstreifen-Torpedofisch genannt, ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Ordnung der Karpfenartigen. Sie kommt in Indien in schnell fließenden Bergbächen der Westghats in den Bundesstaaten Kerala und Karnataka vor.

Merkmale

Die Denisonbarbe wird 15 Zentimeter lang. Ihr Körper ist langgestreckt und spindelförmig. Ihre Oberseite ist olivfarben, die Unterseite weißlich. Entlang der Flanken erstreckt sich ein schwarzes Längsband, das in der ersten Körperhälfte vom namensgebenden roten Band begleitet wird. Die ersten Flossenstrahlen der Rückenflosse sind ebenfalls rot, die Schwanzflossenspitzen durch einen schwarzen und weißen Fleck markiert. Außerhalb der Laichzeit sehen Exemplare beider Geschlechter gleich aus, während der Laichzeit sind die Weibchen fülliger.

Lebensweise

Die Denisonbarbe bewohnt schnell fließende Bäche und felsige Buchten mit dichter Ufervegetation und ist gesellig. Sie ernährt sich vor allem pflanzlich, nimmt aber auch Insektenlarven und andere Wirbellose zu sich.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Denisonbarbe: Brief Summary ( 德語 )

由wikipedia DE提供

Die Denisonbarbe (Sahyadria denisonii, Syn.: Crossocheilus denisonii, Puntius denisonii), auch Rotstreifenbarbe oder Rotstreifen-Torpedofisch genannt, ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Ordnung der Karpfenartigen. Sie kommt in Indien in schnell fließenden Bergbächen der Westghats in den Bundesstaaten Kerala und Karnataka vor.

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Denison barb ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Pdenisonii.jpg
Denison barb

The Denison barb, Denison's barb, Miss Kerala, red-line torpedo barb, or roseline shark (Sahyadria denisonii) is an endangered species of cyprinid fish endemic to the fast-flowing hill streams and rivers of the Western Ghats in India.[2][3] It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade; pet collection caused it to become endangered and is its single major threat.[1][4][5]

Physical characteristics

The fish is characterized by a torpedo-shaped body with silver scales, a red line running from their snout, through the eye, back towards the middle of the body; and below the red line, a black line that runs the length of the fish to the tail. As they mature, a distinctive green/blue marking on top of the head develops. This species reputedly reaches a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL,[2] but typically will only reach 9–11 centimetres (3.5–4.3 in).[4] They are active shoaling fishes.[4]

The species was described by Francis Day and named after Sir William Denison.[6]

Habitat and threats

Denison barb is endemic to the Achenkovil, Pamba and Chaliyar rivers. Specifically, they are found in four locations — Cheenkannipuzha (a major tributary of Valapattanam River), the Achankovil river, the Chaliyar river and near Mundakayam town.[7] The species has an estimated range of 8,805 km2 (3,400 sq mi). S. denisonii is a benthopelagic species that is gregarious and shoals are known to occur in rocky pools with thick vegetation along their banks. They thrive in a subtropical climate in water with a 6.8–7.8 pH, a water hardness of 5–25 dGH and a temperature range of 65 to 79 °F (18 to 26 °C).

As reported by Practical Fishkeeping in January 2009, new research by team of scientists from India suggests that the species is being over-exploited for the aquarium trade, potentially placing it at risk of extinction.[8] In spite of being listed as endangered by local assessment reports[9] the fish had been promoted as an 'export item' by several government agencies. The population structure, age, growth, mortality and harvest intensity in the Valapattanam River was studied and suggests that the species is being over-exploited.[10]

The fish was most likely collected and exported out of India in 1996. In 1997, it won the third prize at 'Aquarama 1997' (world exhibition on Ornamental fish) under the 'New Species Category'.[11] By 2007-08 it constituted about 60- 65% of the total live ornamental fish exported from India which was worth US$1.54 million. Though the Government of Kerala banned the fishing and export of the endangered barb, it is yet to be listed under the National Wildlife Protection Act. The golden form of this Denison barb is extinct from the wild but few Aquarium hobbyists have it in their collection.

In the aquarium

A school of Denison barbs in a home aquarium

This fish is a relatively new addition to the fish keeping hobby. The Denison's barb is a schooling fish that is usually kept in groups. It tends to be peaceful but some have been known to be slightly aggressive around food, especially if kept in less space than they require. They eat bloodworms, shrimp, meat, fish flake and some vegetation. A similar fish, Sahyadria chalakkudiensis is sometimes confused with this fish, but it is a larger, less colourful and a more aggressive species.

Breeding

Over the years many efforts have been made to breed this rapidly depleting species in captivity, initially with limited success. In 2009, success came from the work carried out at the Fisheries College, Kerala by Bony Joseph. Breeding efforts have also been carried out by Chester Zoo and two amateur fish-lovers from Chennai (India), Venkatesh and Murali.[7] These efforts may pave the way for standardizing the process and would be a major boost to conservation and the ornamental fish trade in India. Large numbers are now being bred in captivity at commercial facilities.[4][12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Ali, A.; Raghavan, R.; Dahanukar, N. (2015). "Sahyadria denisonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T169662A70082469. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-1.RLTS.T169662A70082469.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Sahyadria denisonii" in FishBase. October 2013 version.
  3. ^ Raghavan, R., Philip, S., Ali, A. & Dahanukar, N. (2013): Sahyadria, a new genus of barbs (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Western Ghats of India. Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5 (15): 4932-4938.
  4. ^ a b c d Seriously Fish: Sahyadria denisonii. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
  5. ^ Sajan,S (2017): Life History traits of an Endangered barb
  6. ^ Day, F. (1865). "On the fishes of Cochin, on the Malabar Coast of India. Part II. Anacanthini". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 286–318.
  7. ^ a b Mathew, Dennis Marcus (1 February 2010). "'Miss Kerala' gets a protective shield". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  8. ^ Practical Fishkeeping(11 January 2009), Kerala government bans fishing for this species."Kerala government bans fishing for Puntius denisonii | News | Practical Fishkeeping". Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  9. ^ Molur, S. and Walker, S., Report of the workshop on ‘Conservation Assessment and Management Plan for Fresh Water Fishes of India’, Zoo Outreach Organization and NBFGR, Lucknow, 1998,p. 156.
  10. ^ SAJAN,S., T.V. ANNA MERCY AND V. MALIKA,Asian Fisheries Science 28 (2015):130-142, http://www.asianfisheriessociety.org/publication/abstract.php?id=1082
  11. ^ Raghavan, R. et al., Aquat. Conserv: March Freshwater Res., 2009, 19, 67–74.
  12. ^ T. V. Anna Mercy, S. Sajan, V. Malika (2015) Captive breeding and developmental biology of Sahyadria denisonii (Day 1865) (Cyprinidae), an endangered fish of the Western Ghats, India. Indian Journal of Fisheries 62(2).

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Denison barb: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供
Pdenisonii.jpg Denison barb

The Denison barb, Denison's barb, Miss Kerala, red-line torpedo barb, or roseline shark (Sahyadria denisonii) is an endangered species of cyprinid fish endemic to the fast-flowing hill streams and rivers of the Western Ghats in India. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade; pet collection caused it to become endangered and is its single major threat.

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Puntius denisonii ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Puntius denisonii es una especie de peces de la familia de los Cyprinidae en el orden de los Cypriniformes.

Morfología

Alargado y poco comprimido lateralmente, con dos barbillones en la boca. Aleta dorsal elevada. Aleta caudal bifurcada en forma de horquilla, Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 15 cm de longitud total.[2][3]Diferencias Sexuales – Dimorfismo Sexual Es muy poco perceptible, aunque para ojos expertos no lo es tanto, el macho es más esbelto y la hembra más grande y corpulenta.

Hábitat

Es un pez de agua dulce.Arroyos de aguas claras y curso lento.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en la India.

Referencias

  1. Devi, R. & Boguskaya, N. (2007). «Puntius denisonii». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2010.3 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el Septiembre de 2010.
  2. FishBase (en inglés)
  3. Menon, A.G.K., 1999. Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. Núm. 175, 366 p.

Bibliografía

  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Estados Unidos. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Puntius denisonii: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Puntius denisonii es una especie de peces de la familia de los Cyprinidae en el orden de los Cypriniformes.

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Sahyadria denisonii ( 巴斯克語 )

由wikipedia EU提供

Sahyadria denisonii Sahyadria generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Cyprinidae familian.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) FishBase

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Sahyadria denisonii: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克語 )

由wikipedia EU提供

Sahyadria denisonii Sahyadria generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Cyprinidae familian.

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Sahyadria denisonii ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Sahyadria denisonii (Day, 1865) è un pesce d'acqua dolce, appartenente alla famiglia Cyprinidae[2].

Distribuzione e habitat

È un pesce endemico delle acque dolci indiane (regione del Kerala), dove abita corsi d'acqua veloci sulle colline (Achenkovil, Chaliyar, Cheenkannipuzha un emissario del Velapattanam)[3] La specie ha una superficie stimata di habitat di 8.805 km2. Vivono in clima subtropicale in acque di pH 6.8–7.8, durezza 5–25 dGH e temperatura 18–26 °C. C'è rischio potenziale di estinzione in quanto è una specie che ha avuto enorme successo nell'acquariofilia.[4] Messo in lista come specie in pericolo[5]. È esportato dall'India dal 1996. Nel 1997, ha vinto il premio a 'Aquarama 1997' sotto la categoria 'New Species Category'.[6] Dal 2007-08 costituisce circa il 60/65% di tutte le esportazioni di pesci ornamentali dall'India. Dal governo di Kerala è partita una campagna per bandire le esportazioni e mettere la specie nel National Wlidlife Protection Act. Nel 2010 la International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ha messo la specie nella lista rossa che protegge le specie viventi più in pericolo dal 1963. Alla specie è stato assegnato il grado di "In pericolo" per diverse ragioni, numero di individui adulti e superficie di habitat[7].

Descrizione

Il corpo è allungato, tipico dei Ciprinidi che vivono in acque veloci. La livrea prevede testa e dorso grigio verde con riflessi metallici, dalla bocca parte una linea orizzontale rosso vivo che attraversa la parte superiore dell'occhio e termina poco dopo l'attaccatura della pinna dorsale. Il ventre è bianco argenteo. La pinna dorsale ha la parte iniziale rosso vivo, mentre il resto è trasparente. La pinna caudale presenta alle estremità dei due lobi una macchia nera orlata di giallo. Le altre pinne sono trasparenti.

Etologia

 src=
Un gruppo di esemplari allo Shanghai Ocean Aquarium

Una volta schiuse le uova, ogni esemplari ha vita solitaria, riunendosi in piccoli gruppi soltanto da adulti, per accoppiarsi.

Riproduzione

Non si sa molto di questi pesci, sembra che depongano le uova 1-2 volte l'anno, una prima del monsone (giugno-luglio) e una verso dicembre/gennaio.

Acquariofilia

È pescato e allevato per la commercializzazione nei negozi di acquariofilia. È relativamente recente la sua introduzione nel mondo acquariofilo. È una specie che ama stare in gruppo. Sono pacifici ma sono conosciuti per la loro aggressività in fase di alimentazione, specialmente se tenuti in spazi non adeguati. Mangiano vermi, gamberetti, carne, mangimi e alcuni vegetali. Un pesce similare il Puntius chalakudiensis è talvolta scambiato con questa specie, ma è più grande, meno colorato e più aggressivo di questa. Negli anni si sono susseguiti i tentativi di riproduzione in cattività per questa specie, ma con scarso successo. Recentemente (2009) un lavoro di studio condotto al Fisheries College di Kerala da T.V. Anna Mercy ha portato alla riproduzione in cattività. Eguale successo è stato conseguito dal Chester Zoo e da due acquariofili di Chennai i signori Venkatesh e Murali (come riportato su The Hindu dell'ottobre 2008). Questi contributi danno il via alla standardizzazione dei procedimenti per la riproduzione in cattività e mantenere la specie in India[3].

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Sahyadria denisonii, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) Sahyadria denisonii, su FishBase. URL consultato il 23 aprile 2014.
  3. ^ a b Mathew, Dennis Marcus. ‘Miss Kerala’ gets a protective shield, The Hindu(February 01,2010) [1]
  4. ^ Practical Fishkeeping(January 11, 2009), Kerala government bans fishing for Puntius denisonii Copia archiviata, su practicalfishkeeping.co.uk. URL consultato il 26 novembre 2010 (archiviato dall'url originale il 5 giugno 2011).
  5. ^ Molur, S. and Walker, S., Report of the workshop on ‘Conservation Assessment and Management Plan for Fresh Water Fishes of India’, Zoo Outreach Organization and NBFGR, Lucknow, 1998, p. 156.
  6. ^ Raghavan, R. et al., Aquat. Conserv: March Freshwater Res., 2009, 19, 67–74.
  7. ^ Puntius denisonii in the IUCN Red List for Threatened Species, su iucnredlist.org.

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Sahyadria denisonii: Brief Summary ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Sahyadria denisonii (Day, 1865) è un pesce d'acqua dolce, appartenente alla famiglia Cyprinidae.

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