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侏儒枯葉變色龍

Brookesia minima Boettger 1893

Biology ( 英語 )

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As expected for its tiny size, the minute leaf chameleon consumes minute prey, including small fruit flies, white flies and spring tails. When not foraging in the deep leaf litter, the minute leaf chameleon climbs up onto thin branches to sleep. Being so small, the minute leaf chameleon could become prey for many forest predators, but it has a number of cunning ways to avoid being eaten. When threatened by a predator, it will first rely on its remarkable camouflage. If the predator continues approaching, it will close its eyes, to hide even the slightest movement. If touched, or the branch on which it is perched is shaken, the minute leaf chameleon will drop to the ground like a piece of dead wood and feign death until the danger has passed. In addition, when gripped, this chameleon vibrates at a high-frequency, a behaviour that is thought to deter small predators like ants (2). Courtship in the minute leaf chameleon begins with a male walking around a female making nodding and rocking movements. Non-receptive females react with jerky side movements, causing the male to cease his advances, while a receptive female allows the male to follow them throughout the day. After a lengthy courtship, which could last up to several days, the male mounts the female and is carried on her back until copulation takes place in late evening or night. 30 to 40 days following mating, the female deposits a clutch of two eggs, a few millimetres deep in the substrate. Hatching takes place around three months later (2).
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Conservation ( 英語 )

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The minute leaf chameleon is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), meaning that trade in this species should be carefully controlled in order to be compatible with their survival (1). The minute leaf chameleon has also been recorded from at least one protected area, the Manongarivo Reserve (2) , although illegal harvesting or other activities that degrade the forest habitat may lessen any benefits this bestows.
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Description ( 英語 )

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Often considered to be the smallest species of the diminutive stump-tailed chameleons, (Brookesia species), the minute leaf chameleon is one of the smallest reptiles in the world (3). The cylindrical body is camouflaged in shades of green, brown and grey, often with a lichen-like striped pattern. Often there is a pale beige patch on the chameleon's front, believed to play a role in communication or mate recognition. The tiny head is relatively flat with a short, downwards pointing snout, and a row of small, spiny scales runs along each side of the backbone. Male minute dwarf chameleons are shorter in length and have a longer tail than females (2).
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Habitat ( 英語 )

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The minute leaf chameleon inhabits the leaf litter of evergreen primary rainforest. It prefers areas with sparse undergrowth, where there is a layer of dead leaves up to ten centimetres deep (2).
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Range ( 英語 )

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Occurs in parts of northern and north-western Madagascar. Minute leaf chameleons are a difficult species to identify correctly and only populations inhabiting the offshore island of Nosy Bé and the neighbouring mainland can be said with certainty to be this species of Brookesia (2).
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Status ( 英語 )

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Listed on Appendix II of CITES (1).
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Threats ( 英語 )

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Brookesia chameleons are threatened by two significant factors: habitat destruction and harvesting for the international pet trade (4). The natural forests of Madagascar are being degraded by agriculture, timber extraction, and industrial and small-scale mining (5). As a result, the specific habitat of the minute leaf chameleon is rapidly declining and may disappear with continued disturbance (2). Harvesting is also likely to be threatening the survival of minute leaf chameleons, but the extent of the impact is not clear. In 2001, 162 minute leaf chameleons were exported from Madagascar for the pet trade, and harvesting has even been recorded within protected areas (4).
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Distribution ( 英語 )

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Continent: Indian-Ocean
Distribution: NW Madagascar (Nosy Bé)
Type locality: Lokoubé, Nossi Be = Nosy Bé
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Distribution ( 英語 )

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Continent: Indian-Ocean
Distribution: NE Madagascar (Nosy Mangabe, Maroansetra, Anandrivola).
Type locality: Nosy Mangabe, Antongil Bay, Madagascar
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Brokesie nejmenší ( 捷克語 )

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Brokesie nejmenší, Brookesia minima, je trpasličí druh zemního chameleona. Včetně ocásku dorůstá délky jen 3 cm. Donedávna byla považována za nejmenší druh chameleona vůbec, ale v roce 2012 byl popsán ještě menší druh, Brookesia micra, a ještě menší druhy možná na své objevení teprve čekají.[2]

Brokesie nejmenší má válcovité tělo s hlavou nasazenou bez výraznějšího přechodu, na hřbetě je vyvinut dvouřadý hřeben. Nos je krátký a směřuje šikmo dolů, přilba je vrásčitá. Prsty má srostlé v klíšťky, na hrudních končetinách srůstají tři vnější a dva vnitřní prsty, na pánevních je tomu naopak. Prsty jsou opatřené drápky. Šupiny na těle jsou nepravidelné a kůže tvoří svisle probíhající vlnovité vrásky. Samice dorůstají délky až 34 mm včetně ocasu, který je asi 12 mm dlouhý. Samci jsou menší, do 28 mm dlouzí, mají více zploštělé tělo než samice a zesílený kořen ocasu.[3]

Je to endemit Madagaskaru, v přírodě se vyskytuje na několika lokalitách na severu ostrova a dále na ostrůvku Nosy Be.[4] Obývá nížinný deštný les, dává přednost stinným místům. Aktivní je ve dne, v noci šplhá na větve a na nízké rostliny a nocuje asi 10 cm nad zemí.[3] Brokesie nejmenší je samotářský druh, ale není tak agresivní jako některé jiné druhy chameleonů. Samec se samici dvoří kýváním a trhavými pohyby hlavy. Je-li samice svolná k páření, samec se jí vyšplhá na hřbet a i několik hodin se nechá nosit. Ke kopulaci dochází obvykle večer nebo v noci.

Brokesie nejmenší je vejcorodá, za 4-6 týdnů po páření samice klade nejčastěji dvě vejce, ze kterých se již za několik dní líhnou mláďata.[3] Pohlavně dospívá po jednom roce.

Brokesii nejmenší je možno chovat v párech nebo i ve skupinách tvořených samcem a více samicemi. Minimální velikost terária pro pár nebo skupinu 1,2 je 40x40x40 cm.[3] Vhodným substrátem je zahradní zemina, terárium je dále doplněno kůrou a větvemi na šplhání. Vhodná teplota přes den se pohybuje mezi 23-25 °C, s nočním poklesem na 18-20 °C. Důležitá je vysoká vlhkost vzduchu, mezi 80-100 %. Proto je třeba terárium několikrát denně rosit, kapky vody z rostlin chované brokesie také pijí. Délka světelného dne je 12 hodin.[3]

Krmí se drobným hmyzem, octomilkami, mšicemi a chvostoskoky. Nelze je krmit cvrčky, ti by mohli být pro zvíře této velikosti nebezpeční.[3]

Reference

  1. Červený seznam IUCN 2018.1. 5. července 2018. Dostupné online. [cit. 2018-08-09]
  2. Nejmenší chameleon na světě se může procházet po špičce zápalky. National Geographic [online]. 22.2.2012 [cit. 2.11.2012]. Dostupné online.
  3. a b c d e f KRAUS, Richard; KOCIÁN, Miroslav. Příručka pro teraristy: chameleoni a gekoni. Frenštát pod Radhoštěm: POLARIS, 1998. 223 s. ISBN 80-85911-38-8. Kapitola Popis rodů a druhů, s. 56-60. (česky)
  4. Jenkins, R.K.B., Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Glaw, F., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana , H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E. Brookesia minima [online]. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2014 [cit. 2015-11-27]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)

Literatura

  • KRAUS, Richard; KOCIÁN, Miroslav. Příručka pro teraristy: chameleoni a gekoni. Frenštát pod Radhoštěm: POLARIS, 1998. 223 s. ISBN 80-85911-38-8. (česky)

Externí odkazy

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wikipedia CZ

Brokesie nejmenší: Brief Summary ( 捷克語 )

由wikipedia CZ提供

Brokesie nejmenší, Brookesia minima, je trpasličí druh zemního chameleona. Včetně ocásku dorůstá délky jen 3 cm. Donedávna byla považována za nejmenší druh chameleona vůbec, ale v roce 2012 byl popsán ještě menší druh, Brookesia micra, a ještě menší druhy možná na své objevení teprve čekají.

Brokesie nejmenší má válcovité tělo s hlavou nasazenou bez výraznějšího přechodu, na hřbetě je vyvinut dvouřadý hřeben. Nos je krátký a směřuje šikmo dolů, přilba je vrásčitá. Prsty má srostlé v klíšťky, na hrudních končetinách srůstají tři vnější a dva vnitřní prsty, na pánevních je tomu naopak. Prsty jsou opatřené drápky. Šupiny na těle jsou nepravidelné a kůže tvoří svisle probíhající vlnovité vrásky. Samice dorůstají délky až 34 mm včetně ocasu, který je asi 12 mm dlouhý. Samci jsou menší, do 28 mm dlouzí, mají více zploštělé tělo než samice a zesílený kořen ocasu.

Je to endemit Madagaskaru, v přírodě se vyskytuje na několika lokalitách na severu ostrova a dále na ostrůvku Nosy Be. Obývá nížinný deštný les, dává přednost stinným místům. Aktivní je ve dne, v noci šplhá na větve a na nízké rostliny a nocuje asi 10 cm nad zemí. Brokesie nejmenší je samotářský druh, ale není tak agresivní jako některé jiné druhy chameleonů. Samec se samici dvoří kýváním a trhavými pohyby hlavy. Je-li samice svolná k páření, samec se jí vyšplhá na hřbet a i několik hodin se nechá nosit. Ke kopulaci dochází obvykle večer nebo v noci.

Brokesie nejmenší je vejcorodá, za 4-6 týdnů po páření samice klade nejčastěji dvě vejce, ze kterých se již za několik dní líhnou mláďata. Pohlavně dospívá po jednom roce.

Brokesii nejmenší je možno chovat v párech nebo i ve skupinách tvořených samcem a více samicemi. Minimální velikost terária pro pár nebo skupinu 1,2 je 40x40x40 cm. Vhodným substrátem je zahradní zemina, terárium je dále doplněno kůrou a větvemi na šplhání. Vhodná teplota přes den se pohybuje mezi 23-25 °C, s nočním poklesem na 18-20 °C. Důležitá je vysoká vlhkost vzduchu, mezi 80-100 %. Proto je třeba terárium několikrát denně rosit, kapky vody z rostlin chované brokesie také pijí. Délka světelného dne je 12 hodin.

Krmí se drobným hmyzem, octomilkami, mšicemi a chvostoskoky. Nelze je krmit cvrčky, ti by mohli být pro zvíře této velikosti nebezpeční.

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Brookesia minima ( 英語 )

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Brookesia minima, (common names of which include the dwarf chameleon, the Madagascan dwarf chameleon,[2] the minute leaf chameleon,[3] and the Nosy Be pygmy leaf chameleon), is a diminutive chameleon that was regarded as the smallest lizard[4] of the Chamaeleonidae until a smaller species, Brookesia nana, was described in 2021.

Range

B. minima is endemic to Nosy Be,[5] an island located just off the northwest coast of Madagascar, but has extralimital distribution to Manongarivo Reserve on Madagascar's northwest coast.[6]

Description

20150510-IMG 0786.jpg

B. minima is the third-smallest lizard ever described. The species has the independently rotating eyes and prehensile tail characteristic of all chameleons. It is coloured light grey on the head, back and tail, although the tail becomes orange then yellowish towards the tip. The sides of the body are brown, occasionally interrupted by dark brown spots, and the limbs are almost entirely dark brown. Spotted patterning appears to be a stress colouration, and unstressed individuals have a more or less uniform dark brown body, apart from a beige area in front of the eyes (1). The B. minima adult has a flattened head and an orbital crest with large scales forming triangular plates above its eyes. Along its back are two rows of granular protrusions. B. minima specimens sometimes have lateral yellow stripes over their basic drab grayish-brown color. The maximum total length is 3.4 cm (1.3 in) for females and 2.8 cm (1.1 in) for males. Males are also slenderer than females, and exhibit a hemipenial bulge at the base of their tails.[7]

Habitat

B. minima is native to the rain forests of its native island. It has a relatively active habit for a chameleon and likes moving around in the low branches and leaf litter of its native rain forests. Though they are moderately aggressive toward one another, population and densities in the wild may approach one animal per square meter.

Reproduction

It is not known how frequently B. minima reproduces, but a typical clutch contains two eggs.[6]

Similar species

B. minima has been characterized as belonging to a species group with other Madagascan dwarf chameleons such as B. dentata, B. tuberculata, B. peyrierasi and other new or unidentified species such as a recently described chameleon from Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve.[6][8]

Photolinks

Bibliography

  • Klaver, C. & W. Boehme. 1997. Chamaeleonidae. Das Tierreich, 112: i-xiv' 1 - 85. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, New York.
  • Martin, J., 1992. Masters of Disguise: A Natural History of Chameleons. Facts On File, Inc., New York, NY.
  • Necas, P. 1999. Chameleons: Nature's Hidden Jewels. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL.

References

  1. ^ Glaw, F.; Jenkins, R.K.B. (2014). "Brookesia minima". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T67009871A47583723. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T67009871A47583723.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel; Ziegler, Thomas; Böhme, Wolfgang; Köhler, Jörn (1999). "Specific distinctness and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons Brookesia minima, B. peyrierasi and B. tuberculata (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae): evidence from hemipenial and external morphology". Journal of Zoology. 247 (2): 225–238. doi:10.1017/s0952836999002101.
  3. ^ "Minute leaf chameleon". Arkive:Images of Life on Earth. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
  4. ^ "Brookesia minima". Reptile Database.
  5. ^ Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (2007). A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar (3rd ed.). Cologne, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlags. ISBN 978-3929449037.
  6. ^ a b c Glaw, F; Köhler, J; Townsend, TM; Vences, M (2012). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLOS ONE. 7 (2): e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. PMC 3279364. PMID 22348069.
  7. ^ Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (1994). A Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar (2nd ed.). Köln: M. Vences & F. Glaw Verlags GbR. ISBN 978-3-929449-01-3.
  8. ^ Scherz, M. D., Köhler, J., Rakotoarison, A., Glaw, F., & Vences, M. (2019). A new dwarf chameleon, genus brookesia, from the marojejy massif in northern madagascar. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 95(1), 95-106. doi:10.3897/zse.95.32818
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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

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Brookesia minima, (common names of which include the dwarf chameleon, the Madagascan dwarf chameleon, the minute leaf chameleon, and the Nosy Be pygmy leaf chameleon), is a diminutive chameleon that was regarded as the smallest lizard of the Chamaeleonidae until a smaller species, Brookesia nana, was described in 2021.

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Brookesia minima ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Brookesia minima es un camaleón del género Brookesia. Es endémico de la isla Nosy Be (Madagascar).[2]

Se encuentra amenazada por la pérdida de su hábitat natural.

Filogenia

Cladograma de Glaw y colaboradores de 2012:[3]

Brookesia      

B. ramanantsoai

   

B. exarmata

   

B. dentata

       

B. minima

     

B. karchei

   

B. peyrierasi

             

B. tuberculata

   

B. confidens

       

B. micra

     

B. tristis

   

B. desperata

         

Referencias

  1. Jenkins, R.K.B., Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Glaw, F., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana , H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E. (2011). «Brookesia minima». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2014.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 4 de noviembre de 2014.
  2. Uetz, P. & Jirí Hošek (ed.). «Brookesia». Reptile Database. Reptarium. Consultado el 5 de noviembre de 2014.
  3. Glaw F, Köhler J, Townsend TM, Vences M. Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar. PLoS ONE 2012; 7(2): e31314.

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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Brookesia minima es un camaleón del género Brookesia. Es endémico de la isla Nosy Be (Madagascar).​

Se encuentra amenazada por la pérdida de su hábitat natural.

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Brookesia minima ( 巴斯克語 )

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(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克語 )

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Brookesia minima Brookesia generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Chamaeleonidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Brookesia minima ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Brookesia minima est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Chamaeleonidae[1].

Répartition

 src=
Aire de répartition de l'espèce Brookesia minima selon l'UICN (consulté le 11 janvier 2013).

Cette espèce est endémique de l'île de Nosy Bé dans la région de Diana à Madagascar[1].

Description

Ce caméléon nain est de petite taille (14 mm du museau au cloaque pour les mâles), diurne, et vit au sol ou sur les branches basses des forêts.

Taxinomie

Brookesia peyrierasi, Brookesia minima et Brookesia tuberculata ont été considérées comme synonymes par Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995[2], cette synonymie a été levée par Glaw et all., 1999[3].

Publication originale

  • Boettger, 1893 : Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons). Gebrüder Knauer, Frankfurt am Main, p. 1-140 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a et b (en) Référence Reptarium Reptile Database : Brookesia minima
  2. Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995 : Systematics, speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons (Brookesia; Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleontidae) of northern Madagascar. Journal of Zoology, vol. 235, p. 525-558 (texte intégral).
  3. Glaw, Vences, Ziegler, Böhme & Köhler, 1999 : Specific distinctiveness and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons Brookesia minima, B. peyrierasi and B. tuberculata (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae): evidence from hemipenial and external morphology. Journal of Zoology, vol. 247, p. 225-238 (texte intégral).
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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

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Brookesia minima est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Chamaeleonidae.

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Brookesia minima ( 義大利語 )

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Brookesia minima Boettger, 1893 è un piccolo sauro della famiglia Chamaeleonidae, endemico del Madagascar.[2]

Descrizione

Biologia

Come le altre specie di Brookesia ha abitudini diurne e vive nella lettiera delle foreste; durante la notte cerca riparo in rifugi sopraelevati (piccole piante, rami secchi caduti al suolo)[3].

Distribuzione e habitat

L'areale di questa specie è ristretto a pochi siti del Madagascar nord-occidentale e all'isola di Nosy Be.[1]

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Brookesia minima come specie in pericolo di estinzione (Endangered).[1]

La specie è inserita nella Appendice II della Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES).[4]

È presente in poche aree protette tra cui la riserva naturale integrale di Lokobe e la riserva speciale di Manongarivo.[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c d (EN) Glaw, F. & Jenkins, R.K.B. 2014, Brookesia minima, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ Brookesia minima, in The Reptile Database. URL consultato il 1º luglio 2013.
  3. ^ Glaw F. and Vences M., Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar, 3rd edition, Köln, M. Vences and F. Glaw Verlags GbR., 2007.
  4. ^ Brookesia minima, in UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species, 2011. URL consultato il 27 febbraio 2021 (archiviato dall'url originale il 1º luglio 2013).

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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Brookesia minima Boettger, 1893 è un piccolo sauro della famiglia Chamaeleonidae, endemico del Madagascar.

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Kameleon karłowaty ( 波蘭語 )

由wikipedia POL提供

Kameleon karłowaty[potrzebny przypis] (Brookesia minima) – gatunek jaszczurki z rodziny kameleonowatych, występujący na Madagaskarze oraz na pobliskich wyspach.

Jest jednym z najmniejszych gatunków kameleona o długości nie przekraczającej 45 mm. Mniejszym od niego jest gatunek Brookesia micra[1].

Gatunek jest objęty konwencją waszyngtońską CITES (załącznik II)[2].

Przypisy

  1. Frank Glaw, Jörn Köhler, Ted M. Townsend, Miguel Vences. Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar. „PLoS ONE”. 7 (2), luty 2012. Nicolas Salamin, University of Lausanne. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031314 (ang.).
  2. Appendices I, II and III of CITES (ang.). cites.org, 12 czerwca 2013. [dostęp 2013-06-26].
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Kameleon karłowaty: Brief Summary ( 波蘭語 )

由wikipedia POL提供

Kameleon karłowaty[potrzebny przypis] (Brookesia minima) – gatunek jaszczurki z rodziny kameleonowatych, występujący na Madagaskarze oraz na pobliskich wyspach.

Jest jednym z najmniejszych gatunków kameleona o długości nie przekraczającej 45 mm. Mniejszym od niego jest gatunek Brookesia micra.

Gatunek jest objęty konwencją waszyngtońską CITES (załącznik II).

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Brookesia minima ( 摩爾多瓦語 )

由wikipedia RO提供

Brookesia minima[2] este o specie de cameleoni din genul Brookesia, familia Chamaeleonidae, descrisă de Boettger 1893.[3][4] A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie vulnerabilă.[1] Conform Catalogue of Life specia Brookesia minima nu are subspecii cunoscute.[3]

Referințe

  1. ^ a b Brookesia minima. Lista roșie a speciilor periclitate IUCN. Versiunea 2012.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2011. Accesat în 24 octombrie 2012.
  2. ^ Boettger, Oskar (1893) Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons)., Gebrüder Knauer, Frankfurt a. M., x + 140 pp.
  3. ^ a b Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Accesat în 24 september 2012. Verificați datele pentru: |access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
  4. ^ TIGR Reptile Database . Uetz P. , 2007-10-02


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Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 摩爾多瓦語 )

由wikipedia RO提供

Brookesia minima este o specie de cameleoni din genul Brookesia, familia Chamaeleonidae, descrisă de Boettger 1893. A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie vulnerabilă. Conform Catalogue of Life specia Brookesia minima nu are subspecii cunoscute.

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Brookesia minima ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Brookesia minima là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Chamaeleonidae. Loài này được Boettger mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893.[2]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Glaw, F., Jenkins, R.K.B., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana, H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E. (2011). Brookesia minima. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2012.1. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 23 tháng 8 năm 2012.
  2. ^ Brookesia minima. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 5 năm 2013.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến bộ bò sát có vảy này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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wikipedia VI

Brookesia minima: Brief Summary ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Brookesia minima là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Chamaeleonidae. Loài này được Boettger mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893.

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ミニマヒメカメレオン ( 日語 )

由wikipedia 日本語提供
ミニマヒメカメレオン 保全状況評価[1][2] ENDANGERED
(IUCN Red List Ver.3.1 (2001))
Status iucn3.1 EN.svgワシントン条約附属書II 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 爬虫綱 Reptilia : 有鱗目 Squamata : カメレオン科 Chamaeleonidae : ヒメカメレオン属 Brookesia : ミニマヒメカメレオン B. minima 学名 Brookesia minima Boettger, 1893[3] 英名 Minute leaf chameleon[3][4]

Madagascan dwarf chameleon[5]
Pygmy leaf chameleon[6]
Nosy Be pygmy leaf chameleon[7]
Tiny ground chameleon[8]

Brookesia minima distribution.png
分布

ミニマヒメカメレオンBrookesia minima)は、爬虫綱有鱗目カメレオン科ヒメカメレオン属に分類されるトカゲ。

分布[編集]

マダガスカル北西部およびノシ・ベ[2][9]

模式標本の産地(模式産地)はノシ・ベ[3]

形態[編集]

最大オス2.8センチメートル、メス3.4センチメートル[10]。成体は扁平な頭部を持ち、眼の上には大型の鱗でできた頭冠がある。背に沿って2列の疣状の突起がある。体色は灰褐色で、体側に黄色い縞があることもある。雄は雌より体が細く、尾の基部に半陰茎が収納された膨らみがある。島嶼矮化により非常に小型化しているが、ミクロヒメカメレオンなど本種より小さい種もある[9][10]

分類[編集]

Brookesia dentataBrookesia tuberculataなどのヒメカメレオン類と種群を構成する[9]

ノシマンガベヒメカメレオンB. peyrierasiB. tuberculataは本種のシノニムとされたこともあったが[11]半陰茎の形態などから分割された[3][5]

生態[編集]

標高350メートル以下の多湿林に生息する[2]。カメレオンとしては活動的な種で、低い枝や落葉の間を歩き回ることを好む。同種個体に対して多少の攻撃性を持ち、個体密度は最大で1平方メートルあたり1個体程度である[9]

繁殖頻度は不明だが、1回の産卵数は2個である[9]

人間との関係[編集]

分布域が3,966平方キロメートルと限定的かつ個体群が分断されていること、開発や伐採、焼畑などによる生息地の破壊が懸念されている[2]

飼育下繁殖の報告は少ない。縄張りを持つため、若い個体であっても単独飼育が望ましい。テラリウムの大きさは40cm四方程度は必要で、底には落葉や土を敷き詰める。地上近くを好むため、飼育容器は高さより底面積のほうが重要である。卵は小さく見つけづらいため、孵化するまで親が産んだ場所に放置しておく繁殖家もいる[9]

脚注[編集]

  1. ^ CITES homepage
  2. ^ a b c d Glaw, F. & Jenkins, R.K.B. 2014. Brookesia minima. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 15 May 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d Brookesia minima. Uetz, P. & Jirí Hošek (eds.), The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed May 15, 2015
  4. ^ Minute leaf chameleon Arkive:Images of Life on Earth
  5. ^ a b Frank Glaw, Miguel Vences, Thomas Ziegler, Wolfgang Bohme and Jorn Kohler. "Specific distinctness and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons Brookesia minima, B. peyrierasi and B. tuberculata (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae)": evidence from hemipenial and external morphology. Journal of Zoology, Vol. 247, The Zoological Society of London, 1999, p. 225-238.
  6. ^ Chameleon Zoological Society of San Diego
  7. ^ [リンク切れ]Brookesia minima.html WildMadasgar.org
  8. ^ Common names Common names
  9. ^ a b c d e f [リンク切れ][1] AdCham.com: Brookesia minima by E. Pollak
  10. ^ a b Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (1994). A Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar 2nd edition. Koln: M. Vences & F. Glaw Verlags GbR. ISBN 3-929449-01-3. .
  11. ^ Klaver, C. & W. Boehme. 1997. Chamaeleonidae. Das Tierreich, 112: i-xiv' 1 - 85. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, New York.

参考文献[編集]

  • Klaver, C. & W. Boehme. 1997. Chamaeleonidae. Das Tierreich, 112: i-xiv' 1 - 85. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, New York.
  • Martin, J., 1992. Masters of Disguise: A Natural History of Chameleons. Facts On File, Inc., New York, NY.
  • Necas, P. 1999. Chameleons: Nature's Hidden Jewels. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL.

外部リンク[編集]

執筆の途中です この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然プロジェクト:生物)。
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ミニマヒメカメレオン: Brief Summary ( 日語 )

由wikipedia 日本語提供

ミニマヒメカメレオン(Brookesia minima)は、爬虫綱有鱗目カメレオン科ヒメカメレオン属に分類されるトカゲ。

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