Fremontodendron californicum, with the common names California flannelbush, California fremontia, and flannel bush, is a flowering shrub native to diverse habitats in southwestern North America.[1]
Fremontodendron californicum is found in numerous habitats across California at elevations of 1,300–6,500 feet (400–1,980 m), especially California chaparral and woodlands, Yellow Pine Forests, and Pinyon-juniper woodlands along the eastern San Joaquin Valley.[2][3] It is found along the eastern San Joaquin Valley in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada in chalky, sandy, nutritionally poor soils; on the east slope Cascade Range foothills of the northwest Sacramento Valley and the Klamath Mountains to the west; the California Coast Ranges throughout the state; the Transverse Ranges, and the Peninsular Ranges.[2][3]
It is also found in small, isolated populations in the mountains of central and western Arizona, in the Arizona transition zone-Mogollon Rim region, primarily in the Mazatzal Mountains and Superstition Mountains.[4] It is also found from central to northern Baja California state, in isolated chaparral locales in the Peninsular Ranges.[3]
The plant is a flowering evergreen hardwood shrub or small multi-trunked tree, growing from 8–18 feet (2.4–5.5 m) in height and 6–10 feet (1.8–3.0 m) in width.
The 1–5 centimetres (0.39–1.97 in) leaves are olive to gray−green, fuzzy and flannel-like, palmately to pinnately lobed. The hairs covering the leaves are easily brushed off in human contact, and can be a skin and eye irritant.
The large flowers are 3.5–6.0 centimetres (1.4–2.4 in) in diameter, a rich yellow, sometimes with orange, coppery, or reddish margins. They blossoms are borne in great showy masses, and tend to bloom one at a time. Each petal has an attractive, curved shape that comes to a point.
Fremontodendron californicum is one of three species in the genus Fremontodendron, the others being Fremontodendron mexicanum and Fremontodendron decumbens.[5][6]
Subspecies have formerly included:
As a traditional Native American medicinal plant, the inner bark's sap that was used as a topical remedy for mucous membrane irritation and for gastrointestinal upset, by some of the indigenous peoples of California.[13] The wood was also used by the Californian Yokuts and Kawaiisu peoples as a building and furniture material, and the bark for cordage and for nets used in acorn cache holding and snare hunting.[13]
Fremontodendron californicum is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty plant nurseries, for planting in native plant, drought tolerant, and wildlife gardens, and in natural landscaping and habitat restoration projects.[14][15]
Cultivated plants need good drainage, and no supplemental summer water when established. Fremontodendron californicum ssp. decumbens is the most garden tolerant of all Fremontia, and can also be used in large pots and planters.[16]
There are several named hybrids of Fremontodendron californicum and F. mexicanum in the horticultural trade, they include:
Fremontodendron is named for Major General John Charles Frémont (1813–90), an explorer of western North America. Californicum means 'from California'.[21]
Fremontodendron californicum, with the common names California flannelbush, California fremontia, and flannel bush, is a flowering shrub native to diverse habitats in southwestern North America.
Fremontodendron californicum, es una especie de planta perenne árbol o arbusto, con hojas y flores de colores, como de franela. Es una de las dos especies en el género Fremontodendron (el otro es F. mexicanum ), y se divide en cuatro subespecies.
Californicum Fremontodendron se encuentra en algunos lugares montañosos en California, especialmente a lo largo del este del Valle de San Joaquin,[1] en las estribaciones occidentales de la Sierra Nevada, en el que se desarrolla en suelo arenoso, suelos nutricionalmente pobres, y que también se encuentra en las laderas orientales de Cascade Range al noroeste de San Joaquin Valley.[2] También se encuentra en pequeñas poblaciones aisladas en las montañas del centro y el oeste de Arizona en Mogollon Rim, principalmente en las montañas de Mazatzal y Superstition Mountains. [1] [2].
Fremontodendron californicum fue descrita por (Torr.) Coult. y publicado en Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 4: 74. 1893.[3]
Fremontodendron californicum, es una especie de planta perenne árbol o arbusto, con hojas y flores de colores, como de franela. Es una de las dos especies en el género Fremontodendron (el otro es F. mexicanum ), y se divide en cuatro subespecies.
Fremontodendron californicum est un arbuste à feuillage persistant ou semi-persistant de la famille des Sterculiaceae, ou des Malvaceae selon la classification phylogénétique. Il est originaire d'Arizona, de Californie et de Basse-Californie. Il fleurit du printemps à la fin de l'été. Le revers de ses feuilles est couvert de poils irritants. Il préfère les sols drainés et les expositions ensoleillées. C'est un arbuste à croissance rapide.
Fremontodendron californicum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được (Torr.) Coult. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893.[1]
Bài viết liên quan đến họ Cẩm quỳ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Fremontodendron californicum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được (Torr.) Coult. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893.
