Rosa nutkana Presl

More info for the term: prescribed fire

The Research Project Summary Understory recovery after low- and high-intensity
fires in northern Idaho ponderosa pine forests provides information on
prescribed fire and postfire response of plant community species
including Nootka rose.

Nootka rose
bristly Nootka rose
common rose
wild rose

More info for the term: cover

Nootka rose thickets are used for nesting and escape cover by birds and
small mammals [14]. Nootka rose provides good cover for waterfowl in
Wyoming [8].

More info for the term: shrub

Nootka rose is a native, deciduous, perennial shrub 3 to 6 feet (0.9-1.8
m) tall with erect or trailing stems. Nootka rose reaches its maximum
height within 10 years. Stems and branches are prickly to unarmed.
Leaves are compound and have five to seven leaflets. The fruits contain
several long, hairy achenes. Roots are deep. Nootka rose has rhizomes
[13,14,17].

Nootka rose is distributed from Alaska south to California and east to
western Montana and New Mexico [17,19].

More info for the term: seed

Nootka rose sprouts from rhizomes and root crowns following fire. It
also regenerates from onsite or transported seed [14].

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More info for the terms: chamaephyte, geophyte, phanerophyte

Phanerophyte
Chamaephyte
Geophyte

More info for the term: fresh

Nootka rose is commonly found in moderately dry to moist climates in
submontane to montane zones. It occurs on nitrogen-rich, fresh to very
moist soils. It frequently occurs in floodplains, open streambanks, and
meadows [24]. It is sporadic in open-canopy forests with fluctuating
groundwater tables. It is occasionally found on brackish-water sites or
sites exposed to ocean spray [15]. Nootka rose grows best at pH ranges
of 5.6 to 7.0. It thrives on moderately fertile, well-drained
clayey-loam, sandy-loam, or sandy soils [14].

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This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

201 White spruce
203 Balsam poplar
205 Mountain hemlock
210 Interior Douglas-fir
211 White fir
217 Aspen
218 Lodgepole pine
220 Rocky Mountain juniper
222 Black cottonwood - willow
223 Sitka spruce
224 Western hemlock
225 Western hemlock - Sitka spruce
226 Coastal true fir - hemlock
227 Western redcedar - western hemlock
228 Western redcedar
229 Pacific Douglas-fir
230 Douglas-fir - western hemlock
232 Redwood
235 Cottonwood - willow
237 Interior ponderosa pine
238 Western juniper
244 Pacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir
245 Pacific ponderosa pine
247 Jeffrey pine
256 California mixed subalpine

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This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES23 Fir - spruce
FRES24 Hemlock - Sitka spruce
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES27 Redwood
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES38 Plains grasslands

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This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the terms: forest, shrub, woodland

K002 Cedar - hemlock - Douglas-fir forest
K003 Silver fir - Douglas-fir forest
K004 Fir - hemlock forest
K005 Mixed conifer forest
K006 Redwood forest
K008 Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
K010 Ponderosa shrub forest
K011 Western ponderosa forest
K012 Douglas-fir forest
K015 Western spruce - fir forest
K016 Eastern ponderosa forest
K018 Pine - Douglas-fir forest
K019 Arizona pine forest
K020 Spruce - fir - Douglas-fir forest
K021 Southwestern spruce - fir forest
K022 Great Basin pine forest
K024 Juniper steppe woodland
K026 Oregon oakwoods
K028 Mosaic of K002 and K026
K029 California mixed evergreen forest
K030 California oakwoods
K050 Fescue - wheatgrass
K051 Wheatgrass - bluegrass
K055 Sagebrush steppe
K063 Foothills prairie
K064 Grama - needlegrass - wheatgrass

Nootka rose is top-killed by fire. Shallowly buried root crowns and
rhizomes of Rosa species, including Nootka rose, may be killed by severe
fire [14].

Nootka rose is important wildlife browse. Mule deer, white-tailed deer,
elk, moose, caribou, bighorn sheep, bears, coyotes, and various rodents
eat the fruits. Squirrels, mice, beavers, and porcupines eat the twigs
and leaves [1,4,14].

More info for the term: shrub

Nootka rose is listed as a dominant understory shrub in the following
publication:

Plant communities and soils of north slopes in the palouse region of
eastern Washington and northern Idaho [2].

Common plant associates of Nootka rose include common snowberry
(Symphoricarpos albus), red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea), quaking
aspen (Populus tremuloides), and black cottonwood (P. trichocarpa) [2,5].

More info for the term: shrub

Shrub

More info for the terms: cover, habitat type

In a Douglas-fir/ninebark (Pseudotsuga menziesii/Physocarpus malvaceus)
habitat type in Idaho, Nootka rose cover was greater on disturbed sites
than on undisturbed sites. Average cover was highest (7.7 percent) on
grazed sites [7]. In 16- to 20-year-old lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)
regeneration in northeastern Utah, Nootka rose productivity was little
affected by thinning or clearcutting [3].

Spring and fall foliar applications of herbicides control Rosa species [14].

AK AZ CA CO ID MT NV NM OR UT
WA WY AB BC

Nootka rose fruits are preferred by deer, elk, and squirrels [3,14].

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Nootka rose flowers from May through July [8,19]. Fruits ripen in early
fall and remain on the plant through winter [13].

More info for the terms: cover, habitat type, severity, wildfire

Nootka rose may increase or decrease following fire. Rosa species of
British Columbia, including Nootka rose, usually initially decrease in
cover after wildfire. Cover gradually increases, and then declines
again as the canopy closes [14]. In a Douglas-fir/ninebark habitat type
in Idaho, Nootka rose cover was greater on burned sites or sites logged
and then burned than on undisturbed sites. Cover was less, however,
than on logged or grazed sites [7]. In aspen and aspen-mixed conifer
stands in Idaho and Wyoming, prescribed fires of low to high severity
caused a decrease in cover of Nootka and Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii) in
postfire year 1. Rose biomass in postfire year 2 was near prefire
levels [25]. In Washington and Oregon, burning had little effect on
abundance of Nootka rose. Multiple fires can significantly reduce cover
of rose species [14].

More info for the terms: ground residual colonizer, rhizome, root crown, shrub

Small shrub, adventitious-bud root crown
Rhizomatous shrub, rhizome in soil
Ground residual colonizer (on-site, initial community)
Initial-offsite colonizer (off-site, initial community)

More info for the terms: root crown, seed, stratification

Sexual: Nootka rose attains sexual maturity at 2 to 5 years of age.
Good seed crops are produced about every other year. Nootka rose is a
seedbanking species. Seeds exhibit seedcoat dormancy and require a
combination of warm and cold stratification or mechanical disturbance
for germination. Seeds are dispersed by birds and mammals [13,14].

Asexual: Nootka rose sprouts from the root crown and rhizomes [13,14].

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This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

1 Northern Pacific Border
2 Cascade Mountains
3 Southern Pacific Border
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau

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More info for the terms: cover, fruit

Nootka rose is tolerant of both sun and shade. It shows increased
growth and fruit production with increasing light. Nootka rose
increases in cover with canopy closure, but may produce less fruit [14].

More info for the term: fern

The scientific name of Nootka rose is Rosa nutkana
Presl. Recognized varieties are as follows [17,19]:

Rosa nutkana var. nutkana, Nootka rose
Rosa nutkana var. hispida Fern., bristly Nootka rose
Rosa nutkana var. muriculata (Greene) G. N. Jones, Nootka rose
Rosa nutkana var. setosa G. N. Jones, Nootka rose

Nootka rose has successfully been used for rehabilitating disturbed
sites at Columbia River Gorge, Oregon [23].