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Comments ( Anglèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata is extremely variable. On emersed plants, the leaf petioles are often bent toward the ground. Submersed plants often grow from a basal rosette with a long flexuous petiole and a floating sagittate leave. Plants in deep rivers often develop broad, straplike phyllodia.
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Description ( Anglèis )

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Herbs, perennial, to 110 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Leaves emersed, floating, and submersed; submersed phyllodial, flattened, to 45 cm; floating with petiole triangular, to 100 cm, blade cordate or sagittate, rarely linear or ovate, 7.5--9 ´ 3.5--4 cm; emersed with petiole recurved, 3.5--51 cm, blade linear to sagittate, 2.5--17 ´ 1.5--11 cm, basal lobes when present shorter than remainder of blade. Inflorescences racemes, rarely panicles, of 2--10 whorls, emersed, 14--21 ´ 2--10 cm, peduncle triangular, 10--50 cm; bracts connate more than or equal to ¼ total length, lance-attenuate or acute, mostly (4--)7--40 mm, membranous, not papillose; fruiting pedicels ascending, cylindric, 0.5--2 cm. Flowers to 25 mm diam.; sepals recurved, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments not dilated, equal to or longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. Fruiting heads 0.8--1.5 cm diam.; achenes obovoid, abaxially keeled, 1.8--2.6 ´ 1.3--2.5 mm, beaked; face not tuberculate, wings 0--1, ± entire, glands 0--1; beak apical, erect, 0.1--0.4 mm. 2n = 22.
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Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution ( Anglèis )

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Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.W.T., N.S., Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Colo., Conn., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Vt., Wash., Wis., Wyo.
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Flowering/Fruiting ( Anglèis )

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Flowering late spring--summer (Jun--Sep).
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Habitat ( Anglèis )

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Calcareous and muddy shores and shallow waters of rivers, lakes, ponds, pastures, and ditches, occasional in tidal waters, or in deep flowing water with slow current; 100--2500m.
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Synonym ( Anglèis )

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Sagittaria arifolia Nuttall ex J. G. Smith
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Comprehensive Description ( Anglèis )

fornì da North American Flora
Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon, Bull. Torrey Club 20 : 283. 1893
1 Sagittaria sagittifolia minor Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 395. 1814. Sagittaria arifolia Nutt.; J. G. Smith, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 6 : 32. 1894. Sagittaria artfolia stricta J. G. Smith, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 6 : 34. 1894. Sagittaria paniculata Blankinship, Mont. Agr. Coll. Sci. Stud. 1 : 40. 1905. Sagittaria arifolia monomorpha Lunell, Bull. Leeds Herb. I 1 : [2]. 1907. Sagittaria arifolia dimorpha Lunell, Bull. l,eeds Herb. I 1 : [3]. 1907. Sagittaria arifolia poly morp ha Lunell, Bull. Leeds Herb. I 1 : [3]. 1907. Sagittaria arifolia cuneata Lunell, Bull. Leeds Herb. I 1 : [3]. 1907.
Plants emersed and commonly 2-4 dm. tall, or submerged and varying in length with depth of the water, sometimes over 1 m. long ; leaf -blades hastate to sagittate, 6-18 cm. long, the terminal lobe ovate to lanceolate, or rarely nearly linear, mostly acute or slightly acuminate, the basal lobes much narrower than the terminal one and longer than it or shorter, acute or acuminate, except sometimes in the case of imperfectly developed blades ; phyllodia, when present, either relatively short and linear-lanceolate, or elongate and linear-attenuate ; scapes as long as the leaves or commonly shorter, simple or branched ; whorls of the inflorescence few or numerous ; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, or rarely ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; pedicels straight, ascending, mostly 10-25 mm. long, or sometimes very short, those of the staminate flowers usually about twice as long as those of the pistillate flowers; sepals ovate to oblong-ovate, becoming 6-8 mm. long; corolla 2-2.5 cm. broad; filaments not dilated, glabrous; anthers oblong, as long as the filaments or longer; fruit-heads 1-1.5 cm. in diameter ; achenes obovate, 2-2.5 mm. long, with callous-thickened wings, the beak minute, erect over the ventral wing.
Type locality: East Battle Lake, Otter Tail County, Minnesota.
Distribution : Nova Scotia and Maine to Quebec, British Columbia, Connecticut, Kansas, New Mexico, and California.
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Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY

Comprehensive Description ( Anglèis )

fornì da North American Flora
Sagittaria hebetiloba A. Nelson, Bull. Torrey Club 26 : 6, 1899
Plants partially emersed, 2-5 dm. tall ; leaf -blades ovate or ovate-hastate, 8-14 cm. long, the terminal lobe broadly ovate, the basal lobes ovate, much shorter and smaller than the terminal one, obtuse or rounded ; scapes erect, simple or sparingly branched ; whorls of the inflorescence rather few; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm. long, acuminate; pedicels 1.5-2.5 cm. long, the pistillate and staminate about equal in length ; sepals oval or ovate, becoming 7-8 mm. long ; corolla about 2 cm. wide; filaments not dilated, glabrous; anthers about as long as the filaments ; fruit-heads 10-15 mm. in diameter ; achenes obovate, about 2 mm. long, winged all around, the beak minute, erect or nearly so over the ventral wing.
Type locality: Platte Canon, Laramie County, Wyoming. Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY

Sagittaria cuneata ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

Sagittaria cuneata is a species of flowering plant in the water plantain family known by the common name arumleaf arrowhead[2] or duck potato. Like some other Sagittaria species, it may be called wapato. It is native to much of North America, including most of Canada (every province and territory except Nunavut) as well as the western and northeastern United States (New England, Great Lakes, Great Plains, Rocky Mountain, Great Basin and Pacific Coast states; including Alaska but not Hawaii).[3][4][5]

Sagittaria cuneata is an aquatic plant, growing in slow-moving and stagnant water bodies such as ponds and small streams. It is quite variable in appearance, and submerged parts of the plant look different from those growing above the surface or on land. In general it is a perennial herb growing from a white or blue-tinged tuber. The leaves are variable in shape, many of them sagittate (arrow-shaped) with two smaller, pointed lobes opposite the tip. The leaf blades are borne on very long petioles. The plant is monoecious, with individuals bearing both male and female flowers. The inflorescence which rises above the surface of the water is a raceme made up of several whorls of flowers, the lowest node bearing female flowers and upper nodes bearing male flowers. The flower is up to 2.5 centimeters wide with white petals. The male flowers have rings of yellow stamens at the centers. Each female flower has a spherical cluster of pistils which develops into a group of tiny fruits.[6][7][8][9][10]

Conservation status in the United States

Sagittaria cuneata flowers-8-02-05.jpg

It is listed as endangered in Connecticut[11] and New Jersey. It is listed as threatened in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Ohio.[12]

Native American ethnobotany

The Cheyenne give dried leaves to horses for urinary troubles and for a sore mouth.[13] The Klamath use the rootstocks as food.[14] The Menominee string the dried, boiled, sliced potatoes together for winter use.[15] The Ojibwe eat the corms for indigestion, and also as a food, eaten boiled fresh, dried or candied with maple sugar. Muskrat and beavers store them in large caches, which they have learned to recognize and appropriate.[16] The Northern Paiute use the roots for food.[17] The indigenous people of Montana use eat the tubers raw and boiled.[18]

References

  1. ^ The Plant List Sagittaria cuneata
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sagittaria cuneata". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  3. ^ "Sagittaria cuneata in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  4. ^ Biota of North America Program, map, Sagittaria cuneata
  5. ^ "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  6. ^ "UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for SAGITTARIA cuneata". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  7. ^ "Plants Profile for Sagittaria cuneata (arumleaf arrowhead)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  8. ^ Club., Torrey Botanical (1893-01-01). "Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club". v.20 (1893). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ Gandoger, Michel. 1920. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 66: 294, Sagittaria suksdorfii
  10. ^ Blankinship, Joseph William. 1905. Science Studies, Montana College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Botany, Bozeman 1: 40, pl. 6, Sagittaria paniculata
  11. ^ "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 12 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
  12. ^ "Plants Profile for Sagittaria cuneata (arumleaf arrowhead)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  13. ^ Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 6
  14. ^ Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 90
  15. ^ Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 61
  16. ^ Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396
  17. ^ Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44
  18. ^ Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22

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Sagittaria cuneata: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata is a species of flowering plant in the water plantain family known by the common name arumleaf arrowhead or duck potato. Like some other Sagittaria species, it may be called wapato. It is native to much of North America, including most of Canada (every province and territory except Nunavut) as well as the western and northeastern United States (New England, Great Lakes, Great Plains, Rocky Mountain, Great Basin and Pacific Coast states; including Alaska but not Hawaii).

Sagittaria cuneata is an aquatic plant, growing in slow-moving and stagnant water bodies such as ponds and small streams. It is quite variable in appearance, and submerged parts of the plant look different from those growing above the surface or on land. In general it is a perennial herb growing from a white or blue-tinged tuber. The leaves are variable in shape, many of them sagittate (arrow-shaped) with two smaller, pointed lobes opposite the tip. The leaf blades are borne on very long petioles. The plant is monoecious, with individuals bearing both male and female flowers. The inflorescence which rises above the surface of the water is a raceme made up of several whorls of flowers, the lowest node bearing female flowers and upper nodes bearing male flowers. The flower is up to 2.5 centimeters wide with white petals. The male flowers have rings of yellow stamens at the centers. Each female flower has a spherical cluster of pistils which develops into a group of tiny fruits.

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Sagittaire cunéiforme ( Fransèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata

Sagittaria cuneata est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des plantains aquatiques connue sous le nom commun de Pointe de flèche arumleaf ou de Pomme de terre de canard[réf. nécessaire]. Comme certaines autres espèces de Sagittaria , on peut l'appeler Wapato[réf. nécessaire]. Il est originaire d'une grande partie de l'Amérique du Nord, y compris la majeure partie du Canada (chaque province et territoire à l'exception du Nunavut) ainsi que l'ouest et le Nord-Est des États-Unis (Nouvelle-Angleterre, Grands Lacs, Grandes Plaines, Rocheuses, Grand Bassin et États de la côte du Pacifique ; y compris l'Alaska mais pas Hawaï).

Sagittaria cuneata est une plante aquatique qui pousse dans les plans d'eau lents et stagnants tels que les étangs et les petits ruisseaux. Son apparence est assez variable et les parties immergées de la plante sont différentes de celles qui poussent au-dessus de la surface ou sur terre. En général, c'est une plante herbacée vivace poussant à partir d'un tubercule blanc ou bleuté. Les feuilles sont de forme variable, beaucoup d'entre elles sont sagittées (en forme de flèche) avec deux lobes plus petits et pointus opposés à la pointe. Les limbes des feuilles sont portés par de très longs pétioles. La plante est monoïque, avec des individus portant des fleurs mâles et femelles. L'inflorescence qui s'élève au-dessus de la surface de l'eau est un racème composé de plusieurs verticilles de fleurs, le nœud inférieur portant des fleurs femelles et les nœuds supérieurs portant des fleurs mâles. La fleur mesure jusqu'à 2,5 centimètres de large avec des pétales blancs. Les fleurs mâles ont des anneaux d'étamines jaunes au centre. Chaque fleur femelle a une grappe sphérique de pistils qui se développe en un groupe de petits fruits.

Utilisation

Alimentaire

Voir sagittaire à larges feuilles.

Ethnobotanique amérindienne

Les Cheyennes donnent des feuilles séchées aux chevaux pour les troubles urinaires et pour les maux de bouche. Les Klamath utilisent les porte-greffes comme nourriture. Les Menominee enchaînent ensemble les pommes de terre séchées, bouillies et tranchées pour une utilisation hivernale. Les Ojibwés mangent les bulbes pour l'indigestion, et aussi comme aliment, mangés bouillis frais, séchés ou confits avec du sucre d'érable. Le rat musqué et le castor les stockent dans de grandes caches, qu'ils ont appris à reconnaître et à s'approprier. Les Paiute du Nord utilisent les racines pour se nourrir. Les indigènes du Montana consomment les tubercules crus et bouillis.

Statut de conservation aux États-Unis

Il est répertorié comme en voie de disparition dans le Connecticut et le New Jersey. Il est répertorié comme menacé dans le Massachusetts, le New Hampshire et l'Ohio.

Notes et références

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Sagittaire cunéiforme: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata

Sagittaria cuneata est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des plantains aquatiques connue sous le nom commun de Pointe de flèche arumleaf ou de Pomme de terre de canard[réf. nécessaire]. Comme certaines autres espèces de Sagittaria , on peut l'appeler Wapato[réf. nécessaire]. Il est originaire d'une grande partie de l'Amérique du Nord, y compris la majeure partie du Canada (chaque province et territoire à l'exception du Nunavut) ainsi que l'ouest et le Nord-Est des États-Unis (Nouvelle-Angleterre, Grands Lacs, Grandes Plaines, Rocheuses, Grand Bassin et États de la côte du Pacifique ; y compris l'Alaska mais pas Hawaï).

Sagittaria cuneata est une plante aquatique qui pousse dans les plans d'eau lents et stagnants tels que les étangs et les petits ruisseaux. Son apparence est assez variable et les parties immergées de la plante sont différentes de celles qui poussent au-dessus de la surface ou sur terre. En général, c'est une plante herbacée vivace poussant à partir d'un tubercule blanc ou bleuté. Les feuilles sont de forme variable, beaucoup d'entre elles sont sagittées (en forme de flèche) avec deux lobes plus petits et pointus opposés à la pointe. Les limbes des feuilles sont portés par de très longs pétioles. La plante est monoïque, avec des individus portant des fleurs mâles et femelles. L'inflorescence qui s'élève au-dessus de la surface de l'eau est un racème composé de plusieurs verticilles de fleurs, le nœud inférieur portant des fleurs femelles et les nœuds supérieurs portant des fleurs mâles. La fleur mesure jusqu'à 2,5 centimètres de large avec des pétales blancs. Les fleurs mâles ont des anneaux d'étamines jaunes au centre. Chaque fleur femelle a une grappe sphérique de pistils qui se développe en un groupe de petits fruits.

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Sagittaria cuneata ( vietnamèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Alismataceae. Loài này được E.Sheld. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893.[2] Giống như vài loài Sagittaria khác, loài này có thể được gọi là wapato. Nó là loài bản địa phần lớn Bắc Mỹ, bao gồm phần lớn Canada (các tỉnh ngoại trừ Nunavut) cũng như tây và đông bắc Hoa Kỳ (New England, Ngũ Đại hồ, Đại Bình nguyên Bắc Mỹ, Rocky Mountain, Đại Bồn địa Hoa Kỳ và các bang Duyên hải Thái Bình Dương; bao gồm Alaska nhưng không mọc ở Hawaii).[3][4][5]

Sagittaria cuneata là loài cây thủy sinh, mọc ở nơi nước tù hoặc chảy chậm như ao, suối nhỏ. Nó có bề ngoài khá đa dạng, và phần ngập nước của các cây trông khác với những phần mọc bên trên bề mặt hoặc mặt nước hoặc mọc trên đất. Nói chung, nó là một loại thảo dược lâu năm phát có thân củ màu xanh biển nhẹ hoặc màu trắng.

Chú thích

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Bài viết về Bộ Trạch tả này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Sagittaria cuneata: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

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Sagittaria cuneata là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Alismataceae. Loài này được E.Sheld. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1893. Giống như vài loài Sagittaria khác, loài này có thể được gọi là wapato. Nó là loài bản địa phần lớn Bắc Mỹ, bao gồm phần lớn Canada (các tỉnh ngoại trừ Nunavut) cũng như tây và đông bắc Hoa Kỳ (New England, Ngũ Đại hồ, Đại Bình nguyên Bắc Mỹ, Rocky Mountain, Đại Bồn địa Hoa Kỳ và các bang Duyên hải Thái Bình Dương; bao gồm Alaska nhưng không mọc ở Hawaii).

Sagittaria cuneata là loài cây thủy sinh, mọc ở nơi nước tù hoặc chảy chậm như ao, suối nhỏ. Nó có bề ngoài khá đa dạng, và phần ngập nước của các cây trông khác với những phần mọc bên trên bề mặt hoặc mặt nước hoặc mọc trên đất. Nói chung, nó là một loại thảo dược lâu năm phát có thân củ màu xanh biển nhẹ hoặc màu trắng.

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