Eucalyptus longicornis ist eine Pflanzenart innerhalb der Familie der Myrtengewächse (Myrtaceae). Sie kommt im Südwesten von Western Australia vor[1] und wird dort „Red Morrel“ oder „Poot“ genannt.[2]
Eucalyptus longicornis wächst als Baum[3] oder selten auch als Mallee, der Wuchshöhen von 2 bis 24 Meter, manchmal auch 30 Meter, erreicht.[4] Die Borke verbleibt am Stamm und den größeren Ästen, ist grau oder grau-schwarz und kurzfasrig. Öldrüsen gibt es weder im Mark noch in der Borke.[3]
Bei Eucalyptus longicornis liegt Heterophyllie vor. Die Laubblätter sind stets in Blattstiel und Blattspreite gegliedert. Der Blattstiel ist schmal abgeflacht oder kanalförmig. An mittelalten Exemplaren ist die Blattspreite breit-lanzettlich bis eiförmig, gerade, ganzrandig und matt grau-grün. Die an erwachsenen Exemplaren auf Ober- und Unterseite gleichfarbig glänzend grünen Blattspreiten sind schmal-lanzettlich, relativ dick, gerade, verjüngen sich zur Spreitenbasis hin und besitzen ein spitzes oberes Ende. Die kaum erkennbaren Seitennerven gehen in einem spitzen oder stumpfen Winkel vom Mittelnerv ab. Die Keimblätter (Kotyledone) sind zweiteilig.[3]
Seitenständig an einem im Querschnitt stielrunden Blütenstandsschaft stehen in einem einfachen Blütenstand drei, sieben oder bis zu elf Blüten zusammen. Die Blütenknospen sind eiförmig oder zylindrisch und nicht blaugrün bemehlt oder bereift. Die Kelchblätter bilden eine Calyptra, die früh abfällt. Die glatte Calyptra ist konisch, dreimal so lang wie der glatte Blütenbecher (Hypanthium) und schmaler als oder so breit wie dieser. Die Blüten sind weiß, cremeweiß oder gelb.[3] Die Blütezeit reicht in Western Australia von Dezember oder Januar bis Februar.[4]
Die Frucht ist kugelig. Der Diskus ist eingedrückt und die Fruchtfächer stehen heraus.[3]
Das natürliche Verbreitungsgebiet von Eucalyptus longicornis ist das Landesinnere im gesamten Südwesten von Western Australia.[1] Eucalyptus longicornis kommt in den selbständigen Verwaltungsbezirken Beverley, Bruce Rock, Coolgardie, Coorow, Corrigin, Cuballing, Dalwallinu, Dandaragan, Dumbleyung, Dundas, Esperance, Gnowangerup, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Katanning, Kellerberrin, Kent, Kondinin, Koorda, Kulin, Lake Grace, Menzies, Merredin, Mount Magnet, Mount Marshall, Narembeen, Narrogin, Pingelly, Ravensthorpe, Sandstone, Tammin, Toodyay, Trayning, Wagin, Westonia, Wickepin, Wongan-Ballidu, Wyalkatchem und Yilgarn in den Regionen Goldfields-Esperance, Great Southern, Mid West und Wheatbelt vor.[4]
Eucalyptus longicornis gedeiht auf Lehmböden, oft über Kalkstein in Ebenen.[4]
Die Erstbeschreibung erfolgte 1878 durch Ferdinand von Mueller unter als Varietät (Basionym) Eucalyptus oleosa var. longicornis F.Muell. in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae, Volume 11, 88, S. 14. Das Typusmaterial weist die Beschriftung „sub nomine ‚Morel‘ in Australia occidentali“ auf.[2] Die Neukombination zu Eucalyptus longicornis (F.Muell.) Maiden erfolgte 1919 durch Joseph Maiden in Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales, Volume 52, S. 504.[2][5][6] Weitere Synonyme für Eucalyptus longicornis (F.Muell.) Maiden sind: Eucalyptus grasbyi Maiden & Blakely, Eucalyptus longicornis (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Maiden subsp. longicornis.[2]
Eucalyptus longicornis ist eine Pflanzenart innerhalb der Familie der Myrtengewächse (Myrtaceae). Sie kommt im Südwesten von Western Australia vor und wird dort „Red Morrel“ oder „Poot“ genannt.
Eucalyptus longicornis, commonly known as red morrel,[2] morryl, poot or pu, is a species of large tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous, fissured bark on the trunk, smooth greyish bark above, flower buds in groups of seven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.
Eucalyptus longicornis is a tree that typically that grows to a height of 2 to 24 metres (7 to 79 ft) and can reach as high as 30 m (98 ft). It has rough, grey brown, fibrous, often fissured bark on the trunk, smooth white to greyish bark above. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are glaucous, more or less square in cross-section, and sessile, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves that are 20–85 mm (0.79–3.35 in) long and 9–26 mm (0.35–1.02 in) wide. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, thick, the same shade of glossy green on both sides, linear to narrow lance-shaped, 60–130 mm (2.4–5.1 in) long and 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in) wide, tapering to a petiole 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of between seven and thirteen in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 4–9 mm (0.16–0.35 in) long. Mature buds are oval, 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in) long and 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) wide with a pointed operculum 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long. Flowering occurs between December and February and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody shortened spherical capsule 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and wide with the valves protruding well above the rim of the fruit. The capsules contain over 200 seeds per gram and persist on the tree until at least the following year, often longer.[2][3][4][5][6]
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This species was first formally described in 1878 by Ferdinand von Mueller who gave it the name Eucalyptus oleosa var. longicornis and published the description in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae.[8][9] In 1919 Joseph Maiden noted that Mueller had referred to the species as Eucalyptus longicornis, including in his book Eucalyptographia without having published a description of that species.[10] Maiden published the new name in Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales, acknowledging Mueller's first use of it.[11]
The Noongar peoples know the tree as morryl, poot or put.[12]
The specific epithet (longicornis) is derived from the Latin words longus meaning "long" and cornu meaning "horn", referring to the shape of the flower buds.
The red morrel is distributed through the Wheatbelt and southern Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.[2] It is found growing in loamy soils, often over limestone or clay loam on flats. The dark red loams, that are rich in minerals and often slightly saline, associated with the decomposition of the fine-grained dolerite gneiss dykes and outcropping units of the Yilgarn Block best suit the tree.[13]
The species is usually found in woodland communities where it is an overstorey tree, in an unmixed stand or with E. salmonophloia and either E. melanoxylon, E. wandoo, E. loxophleba, E. astringens or E. kondininensis. Associated species in the understorey include Sclerolaena diacantha, Lycium australe, Acacia merrallii, Melaleuca pauperiflora and Rhagodia drummondii.[13]
This eucalypt is classified as "not threatened" in Western Australia by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[2]
Eucalyptus longicornis is a tall tree with potential to be cultivated on highly alkaline, saline and clayey soils. It is marketed as an ornamental or windbreak species and is useful for apiculture. The wood was used historically in the mining industry as a source of timber and fuel. The fine-textured, reddish to dark red-brown wood has considerable potential for use in high value furniture and craftwood.[5]
Eucalyptus longicornis, commonly known as red morrel, morryl, poot or pu, is a species of large tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous, fissured bark on the trunk, smooth greyish bark above, flower buds in groups of seven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.
flower buds
fruit
Eucalyptus longicornis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong Họ Đào kim nương. Loài này được (F.Muell.) Maiden mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1919.[1]
Bài viết tông thực vật Eucalypteae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Eucalyptus longicornis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong Họ Đào kim nương. Loài này được (F.Muell.) Maiden mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1919.
