dcsimg

Heller Schlangenstern ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Der Helle Schlangenstern (Ophiura albida) (auch „Gemeiner Schlangenstern“) ist ein Schlangenstern der Gattung Ophiura in der Familie Ophiuridae und der Ordnung Ophiurida.

Verbreitung

Der Helle Schlangenstern kommt, oft in großer Anzahl, in der (westlichen) Ostsee (bis zur Kieler Bucht), der Nordsee, der europäischen Seite des Nord-Atlantiks sowie dem Mittelmeer vor.

Merkmale

 src=
Heller Schlangenstern (Ophiura albida) – Unterseite

Der Helle Schlangenstern hat eine runde Körperscheibe (die einem Durchmesser von bis zu 1,5 cm erreicht) und fünf schlanke, geschuppt wirkenden Armen (die eine Länge von bis zu sechs Zentimetern erreichen) die sich von der Spitze zum Körper hin gleichmäßig verdicken und kurze Stacheln auf der Unterseite aufweisen. An der Ansatzstelle der Arme befinden sich zwei helle Kalkplatten, von denen sich der Name („albida“) der Art ableitet. Die Farbe der (auf der Oberseite) einheitlich gefärbten Individuen variiert von hellem Beige über Rot bis zu dunklen braunroten Tönen. Auf der Unterseite ist die Art deutlich heller gefärbt als auf der Oberseite, meist in einem hellen Beige.

Lebensweise

Der Helle Schlangenstern lebt auf Sediment- und Sandböden, bzw. in deren obersten Schicht, wo er sich als Allesfresser im Sediment als Jäger von bodenbewohnenden Kleinlebewesen wie Wirbellosen (Muscheln, Krebstieren) sowie von Aas und Detritus ernährt.

Er ist in der Lage sich mit Hilfe seiner sehr beweglichen Arme recht schnell fortzubewegen; herumgedrehte Tiere können sich schnell wieder umdrehen.

Die Art ist zweigeschlechtlich, die Befruchtung erfolgt extrakorporal, die Jungtiere durchlaufen eine Phase als pelagische Larven. In der westlichen Ostsee ist die Art aufgrund des zu geringen Salzgehaltes nicht mehr fortpflanzungsfähig, gelangt jedoch im Larvenstadium dorthin.

Die Lebenserwartung des Hellen Schlangensterns wird auf bis zu drei Jahre geschätzt.

Literatur

  • Peter Jonas – Unterwasser-Welt Ostsee, Hamburg 1997
  • Janke Kremer – Düne, Strand und Wattenmeer, Stuttgart 2010

Weblinks

 src=
– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Heller Schlangenstern: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Der Helle Schlangenstern (Ophiura albida) (auch „Gemeiner Schlangenstern“) ist ein Schlangenstern der Gattung Ophiura in der Familie Ophiuridae und der Ordnung Ophiurida.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Ophiura albida

provided by wikipedia EN

Ophiura albida is a species of brittle star in the order Ophiurida. It is typically found on the seabed in the north eastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea and is sometimes known as the serpent's table brittle star.[2]

Description

Ophiura albida has a central disc reaching a diameter of about 1.5 centimetres (0.6 in) and five arms up to 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long. The disc is flattened and the upper surface is covered in small plates. These are mostly brick red but the plates at the edge of the disc close to where the arms are attached are white. The arms are slender and fragile, segmented and gradually tapering. The plates on the upper and lower sides have convex edges. Each segment has three short spines which lie flat on the surface and there are small pores between the plates. This latter fact helps to distinguish this species from the otherwise very similar Ophiura ophiura. The underside of the disc is a pale colour and has a central mouth with five large plates modified as jaws and fringed with teeth.[1][2][3]

Distribution and habitat

Ophiura albida is found at depths down to about 200 metres (660 ft), or 850 metres (2,790 ft) according to one authority. Its range extends from Norway to the Mediterranean Sea and the Azores. It occurs on the seabed on soft substrates including coarse sand, fine sand, gravel and muddy sand.[1][3] It is common round the coasts of the British Isles and has occurred at densities as great as 900 per 1 square metre (11 sq ft).[1]

Biology

Ophiura albida is a predator and scavenger and feeds on such small invertebrates as polychaete worms, crustaceans and bivalve molluscs.[1] In the Baltic Sea it is the favourite food of the starfish Luidia sarsi and is chosen in preference to other brittle stars.[4] In the Irish Sea it is eaten along with the common brittle star (Ophiothrix fragilis) by the fast-moving seven armed starfish (Luidia ciliaris).[5]

Individuals of this species are either male or female. Fertilisation is external and the larvae are planktonic. It is a fast-growing brittle star and is not thought to live for more than three years.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Stöhr, Sabine (2012). "Ophiura albida Forbes, 1839". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  2. ^ a b Wilson, Emily (1999). "Serpent's table brittlestar - Ophiura albida". Marine Life Information Network. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  3. ^ a b "Ophiura albida". Macrobenthos of the North Sea - Echinodermata. Marine Species Identification Portal. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  4. ^ Fenchel, Tom (1965). "Feeding biology of the sea-star Luidia sarsi Düben & Koren". Ophelia. 2 (2): 223–236. doi:10.1080/00785326.1965.10409601.
  5. ^ Brun, Einar (1972). "Food and Feeding Habits of Luidia ciliaris Echinodermata: Asteroidea". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 52 (1): 225–236. doi:10.1017/S0025315400018671.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Ophiura albida: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Ophiura albida is a species of brittle star in the order Ophiurida. It is typically found on the seabed in the north eastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea and is sometimes known as the serpent's table brittle star.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Punakäärmetähti ( Finnish )

provided by wikipedia FI

Punakäärmetähti (Ophiura albida) on varsinaisten käärmetähtien lahkoon kuuluva punaruskea käärmetähti, joka elää Atlantin valtameren koillisosissa ja Välimeressä.[1][2]

Koko ja ulkonäkö

 src=
Nuori punakäärmetähti.

Punakäärmetähdellä on pieni ja pyöreä keskiruumis, jonka halkaisija on enintään 1,5 senttimetriä. Keskiruumiista erkanee viisi lyhyttä, lonkeromaista sädehaaraa, joiden tyvessä on nivel ja 10–12 pientä ihokidusta eli papulaa. Koko eläin on punaruskea sädehaarojen tyvessä sijaitsevia valkoisia täpliä lukuun ottamatta.[1]

Sädehaarat ovat muodostuneet pyöreäreunaisista kalkkilevyistä, joiden molemmilla laidoilla on kolme piikkiä segmenttiä kohti. Keskiruumista peittävät suuret suomut sekä melko huomaamattomat kalkkilevyt. Sisimmissä imujalkapareissa on 2–3 uloketta, mutta ulommissa vain yksi. Keskiruumiin alapinnalla sijaitsevaa suuaukkoa ympäröivät säteittäin pienet leualliset kalkkikilvet. Jokaisessa leuassa on rivi hampaita sekä 3–5 suupapulaa kummallakin puolella.[1]

Levinneisyys

Punakäärmetähteä tavataan Atlantin valtameren koillisosissa Norjasta Azoreille ulottuvalla vyöhykkeellä sekä Välimeressä.[1]

Elinympäristö

Punakäärmetähti elää pehmeällä pohjalla 4–850 metrin syvyydessä.[1]

Lisääntyminen

Punakäärmetähti on yksineuvoinen eläin, joka elää korkeintaan kolme vuotta. Sen munat hedelmöittyvät merivedessä ruumiin ulkopuolella ja niistä kehittyy vedessä uivia toukkia, jotka kasvavat nopeasti täysikasvuisiksi käärmetähdiksi.[3]

Ravinto

Punameritähti syö pääasiassa pieniä selkärangattomia, varsinkin monisukasmatoja, simpukoita ja äyriäisiä.[3]

Lähteet

  1. a b c d e f Ophiura albida Marine Species Identification Portal. ETI BioInformatics. Viitattu 9. elokuuta 2010. (englanniksi)
  2. Vallardi, Francesco (päätoimittaja): Uusi suuri eläinkirja IV. Milano: WSOY, 1971.
  3. a b Ophiura albida Encyclopedia of Life. Viitattu 9. elokuuta 2010. (englanniksi)
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FI

Punakäärmetähti: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

provided by wikipedia FI

Punakäärmetähti (Ophiura albida) on varsinaisten käärmetähtien lahkoon kuuluva punaruskea käärmetähti, joka elää Atlantin valtameren koillisosissa ja Välimeressä.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FI

Ophiura albida ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Ophiura albida è un echinoderma appartenente al genere Ophiura. Esso è particolarmente diffuso nei mari in prossimità delle coste delle Isole Britanniche.

Descrizione

L'O. affinis presenta armi corti, diritti ed affusolati. Corpo e zampe sono rosso-marroncini con due macche bianche alla base di ogni armo. Le zampe sono spinose e misurano quattro volte il diametro del disco, che è di 15 millimetri.

Distribuzione e habitat

Le O. albida sono particolarmente diffuse nelle Isole Britanniche. L'habitat che prediligono è quello delle rocce o della ghiaia, purché questi luoghi siano fangosi.

Specie simili

O. robusta presenta una colorazione identica alle O. albida; tuttavia le prime hanno degli arti più evoluti.

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Ophiura albida: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Ophiura albida è un echinoderma appartenente al genere Ophiura. Esso è particolarmente diffuso nei mari in prossimità delle coste delle Isole Britanniche.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Kleine slangster ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

De kleine slangster (Ophiura albida) is een slangster uit de familie Ophiuridae.

De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1839 gepubliceerd door Edward Forbes.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
16-12-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Wężowidło białawe ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL
Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Wężowidło białawe[2][3] (Ophiura albida), także wężowidło białe[4][5] – gatunek wężowidła z rodziny Ophiuridae. Ma jasnoczerwone ciało z ramionami pokrytymi białymi płytkami. Tarcza centralna, charakterystycznie urzeźbiona, na stronie dorsalnej u nasady ramion ma wnęki usiane drobnymi, paluszkowatymi wyrostkami[4]. Średnica tarczy centralnej dochodzi do 1,5 cm, a długość ramion do 6 cm[4]. Odżywia się, odcedzając cząstki pokarmowe z wody lub polując na drobne skorupiaki morskie. Preferowany pokarm może się zmieniać wraz z lokalizacją, w której prowadzono badania dotyczące odżywiania tego gatunku[6].

Ophiura albida zamieszkuje dno morskie od strefy brzegowej do głębokości 900 m. Występuje pospolicie w morzach europejskich i jest jedynym wężowidłem Bałtyku[5]. Występuje w tym morzu wyłącznie na zachodnich krańcach Głębi Arkońskiej[4].

Przypisy

  1. Ophiura albida, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Czesław Jura: Bezkręgowce : podstawy morfologii funkcjonalnej, systematyki i filogenezy. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2007, s. 752. ISBN 978-83-01-14595-8.
  3. Biologia. Multimedialna encyklopedia PWN Edycja 2.0. pwn.pl Sp. z o.o., 2008. ISBN 978-83-61492-24-5.
  4. a b c d Mały słownik zoologiczny. Bezkręgowce. Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna, 1976, s. 332.
  5. a b Ludwik Żmudziński: Świat zwierzęcy Bałtyku. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, 1990, s. 61. ISBN 83-02-02374-4.
  6. D.B. Fratt, J. H. Dearborn: Feeding biology of the Antarctic brittle star Ophionotus victoriae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Polar Biology, 1984, s. 127-139.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia POL

Wężowidło białawe: Brief Summary ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL

Wężowidło białawe (Ophiura albida), także wężowidło białe – gatunek wężowidła z rodziny Ophiuridae. Ma jasnoczerwone ciało z ramionami pokrytymi białymi płytkami. Tarcza centralna, charakterystycznie urzeźbiona, na stronie dorsalnej u nasady ramion ma wnęki usiane drobnymi, paluszkowatymi wyrostkami. Średnica tarczy centralnej dochodzi do 1,5 cm, a długość ramion do 6 cm. Odżywia się, odcedzając cząstki pokarmowe z wody lub polując na drobne skorupiaki morskie. Preferowany pokarm może się zmieniać wraz z lokalizacją, w której prowadzono badania dotyczące odżywiania tego gatunku.

Ophiura albida zamieszkuje dno morskie od strefy brzegowej do głębokości 900 m. Występuje pospolicie w morzach europejskich i jest jedynym wężowidłem Bałtyku. Występuje w tym morzu wyłącznie na zachodnich krańcach Głębi Arkońskiej.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia POL

Biology

provided by World Register of Marine Species
O. albida has separate sexes, external fertilization and pelagic larvae. The maximum age is estimated at 3 years. This shortlived species shows a relatively fast-growing strategy. O. albida may be particularly vulnerable to predation. It shows a high reproductive effort, thus maintaining the populations (Wolff, 1973; Fish & Fish, 1989; Gage, 1990). The species moves freely on the sediment (Mortensen, 1927). Small invertebrates, particularly polychaetes, bivalve mollucs and crustaceans, comprise the main food of Ophiura spp. There is evidence that scavenging and surface deposit feeding are also fairly frequent (Wolff, 1973; Warner, 1982; Fish & Fish, 1989). Young stages of trematodes and nematodes can be found in the body cavity of this brittle star (Mortensen, 1927).

Reference

Holtmann, S.E.; Groenewold, A.; Schrader, K.H.M.; Asjes, J.; Craeymeersch, J.A.; Duineveld, G.C.A.; van Bostelen, A.J.; van der Meer, J. (1996). Atlas of the zoobenthos of the Dutch continental shelf. Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management: Rijswijk, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-369-4301-9. 243 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
[email]

Breeding

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Ophiopluteus larva. Summer

Reference

7. Blue Planet Biomes (May, 2009) http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/andean_condor.htm

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Cibran Camba Reu [email]

Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Brittle stars consist of a central disc clearly separated from the slender, very agile and very strong arms. Ophiura albida is very similar to Ophiura ophiura and can be distinguished from this species by the absence of pores between the arm plates and by its fewer arm comb papillae. The top is reddish to orange-brown; the bottom side is dirty white.

Reference

Degraer, S.; Wittoeck, J.; Appeltans, W.; Cooreman, K.; Deprez, T.; Hillewaert, H.; Hostens, K.; Mees, J.; Vanden Berghe, E.; Vincx, M. (2006). The macrobenthos atlas of the Belgian part of the North Sea. Belgian Science Policy. D/2005/1191/3. ISBN 90-810081-6-1. 164 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Appeltans, Ward, W.

Distribution

provided by World Register of Marine Species
In both periods Ophiura albida was widely spread across the Belgian part of the North Sea and was only absent in the eastern coastal zone. The species was found in relatively high densities (1976-1986 period: maximum 100 ind./m2; 1994-2001 period: maximum 900 ind./m2).

Reference

Degraer, S.; Wittoeck, J.; Appeltans, W.; Cooreman, K.; Deprez, T.; Hillewaert, H.; Hostens, K.; Mees, J.; Vanden Berghe, E.; Vincx, M. (2006). The macrobenthos atlas of the Belgian part of the North Sea. Belgian Science Policy. D/2005/1191/3. ISBN 90-810081-6-1. 164 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Appeltans, Ward, W.

Distribution

provided by World Register of Marine Species
From about 10 to more than 200 m depth, common on sand, muddy sand and fine gravel, all round the British Isles

Reference

7. Blue Planet Biomes (May, 2009) http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/andean_condor.htm

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Cibran Camba Reu [email]

Habitat

provided by World Register of Marine Species
O. albida lives in areas with a variety of sand and muddy sand deposits.

Reference

Holtmann, S.E.; Groenewold, A.; Schrader, K.H.M.; Asjes, J.; Craeymeersch, J.A.; Duineveld, G.C.A.; van Bostelen, A.J.; van der Meer, J. (1996). Atlas of the zoobenthos of the Dutch continental shelf. Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management: Rijswijk, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-369-4301-9. 243 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
[email]

Habitat

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Ophiura albida prefers fine to coarse-grained sediments (median grain size 150-650 µm) without any preference for a particular median grain size. The species furthermore prefers sediments with a low to medium mud content (maximum 40%).

Reference

Degraer, S.; Wittoeck, J.; Appeltans, W.; Cooreman, K.; Deprez, T.; Hillewaert, H.; Hostens, K.; Mees, J.; Vanden Berghe, E.; Vincx, M. (2006). The macrobenthos atlas of the Belgian part of the North Sea. Belgian Science Policy. D/2005/1191/3. ISBN 90-810081-6-1. 164 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Appeltans, Ward, W.

Morphology

provided by World Register of Marine Species
O. albida has a disk with rather coarse scales. The diameter of the disk can be up to 15 mm. The arms are about four times the diameter of the disk. The dorsal and ventral arm plates have a convex outer edge. The mouth shield is small, approximately one-third of the disk radius. In contrast to O. texturata (q.v.) there are no pores present between the lower arm plates. The colour of the dorsal surface usually is reddish-brown, that of the radial shields whitish (Mortensen, 1927; Southward, 1972; Gage, 1990; Hayward & Ryland, 1990).

Reference

Holtmann, S.E.; Groenewold, A.; Schrader, K.H.M.; Asjes, J.; Craeymeersch, J.A.; Duineveld, G.C.A.; van Bostelen, A.J.; van der Meer, J. (1996). Atlas of the zoobenthos of the Dutch continental shelf. Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management: Rijswijk, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-369-4301-9. 243 pp.

license
cc-by-4.0
copyright
WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
[email]