dcsimg

Diagnostic Description

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With fewer than 70 dentary incisors and a reticulated color pattern.
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Teresa Hilomen
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Life Cycle

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Oviparous, distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
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Susan M. Luna
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Anal spines: 2; Analsoft rays: 18 - 20
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Trophic Strategy

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Inhabits rocky coasts. Feeds on plants, small mollusks and crustaceans.
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Drina Sta. Iglesia
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Biology

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Adults inhabit rocky coasts (Ref. 9280). They feed on plants, small mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 9280). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Eggs are deposited in mollusk shells or on rocks (Ref. 9280). Larvae are planktonic, often found in shallow, coastal waters (Ref. 94114). Used to prepare a soup called 'borracho' which evokes slight intoxication and tiredness; these effects, however, are of short duration (Ref. 9280).
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability:
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Comprehensive Description

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Scartichthys gigas (Steindachner)

Salarias gigas Steindachner, 1876:220 [Callao, Peru; syntypes NMW 73438:1 and 73438:2].

Salarias eques Steindachner, 1898:307 [“Cavanchabai bei Iquique”; holotype ZMB 15658].

Ophioblennius xiphiodon Clark, 1938:183 [Callao, Peru; holotype CAS 5543] [new synonomy].

Ophioblennius mazorkae Hildebrand, 1946:384 [Mazorka Island, Huaura Group, Peru; holotype USNM 128188] [new synonomy].

DIAGNOSIS.—A species of Scartichthys with fewer than 70 dentary incisors and a reticulated color pattern.

DESCRIPTION.—Dorsal fin XI–XIII (XII in 96.6% of specimens),16–18 (17 in 91.9%); anal fin II,18–20 (19 in 80.9%; 18–19 in 99.4%); total procurrent caudal-fin rays 10–16; pelvic fin I,4; vertebrae 10–11 (10 in 99.4%) + 23–25 (24 in 94.6%) = 33–35 (34 in 94.6%); last pleural ribs on vertebral centrum 11–12 (11 in 99.4%); last epipleural rib on vertebral centrum 15–20 (17–19 in 92.9%); anal pterygiophores 2–1–1, 1–2–1, or 1–1–2 (1–2–1 in 75.6%); nuchal cirri 8–19; supraorbital cirri 19–53 (23–39 in 80.0%); nasal cirri 7–15 (7–11 in 95.7%); LL tubes 18–22 (19–21 in 87.5%); last LL tube on caudal-fin base; no scale-like flaps along LL; lower lip smooth mesially (plicate laterally); gill rakers 16–20 (based on 10 specimens); pseudobranchial filaments on one side 9–13 (based on 12 specimens); premaxillary teeth 108–146 (based on 10 specimens); dentary teeth 57–69 (based on 30 specimens); upper lip crenulae approximately 24–31; nuchal cirri in two irregular groups on either side of nape, distance between them approximately equal to diameter of eye; length of first dorsal-fin spine of adults about equal to second in both sexes; dorsal-fin membrane deeply incised above last dorsal-fin spine; dorsal-fin membrane attached to caudal peduncle in advance of caudal fin in adults; cephalic pore system complex (4 or more pores at most positions; number of pores increases with increasing SL); male genital papilla with urogenital orifice located basally between 2 small protuberances on a fleshy swelling behind anus (Figure 14E); maximum SL about 222 mm; ophioblennius larvae with 2–3 canines posteriorly on each dentary; no spots on membrane between anterior dorsal-fin spines.

The smallest mature female (ova ~0.6 mm diameter) examined is ~126 mm SL. Males mature by ~90 mm SL.

COLOR IN ALCOHOL.—Ophioblennius-stage larvae pale with 11 to 13 saddle-like blotches of pigment along dorsal surface of body; distal half of pectoral fin with numerous melanophores on rays and membranes; scattered melanophores at tips of spinous dorsal-fin rays; remainder of fins pale; small pupil-size cluster of melanophores behind midpoint of posterior margin of eye.

Juveniles with about 8 to 10 irregular dark-brown bars separated by pale interspaces along body; head irregularly covered with pale spots and dark-brown bars, large black spot behind posterior margin of orbit, size of spot about half to three-quarters size of eye; dorsal and anal fins dark brown with pale-tipped fin elements; other fins dusky.

Adult color pattern (Figure 18 shows a female) similar to that of juveniles except that the bars on the head and body break up into a reticulated pattern.

COLOR IN LIFE.—A recently collected adult male in alcohol retained some orange color at the distal tips of the dorsal-fin elements. Other colors are unknown.

COMPARISONS.—Scartichthys gigas differs from all other Scartichthys in having fewer than 70 dentary teeth (versus 74 or more) and in having a vermiculated color pattern over head and body (all others have spots or a uniformly pigmented body).

DISTRIBUTION.—Scartichthys gigas occurs from the Pacific coast of Panama (9°N) to Antofagasta, Chile (23°S; Figure 16). It is sympatric with S. viridis in southern Peru and northern Chile, and with S. crapulatus in northern Chile. It has been collected from rocky bottom and artificial hard bottom areas at depths of 1–5 m.

ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet, from the Latin gigas (giant), refers to the relatively large size of adults.

NOMENCLATURAL
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bibliographic citation
Williams, Jeffrey T. 1990. "Phylogenetic relationships and revision of the blenniid fish genus Scartichthys." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-30. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.492

Scartichthys gigas ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

Scartichthys gigas és una espècie de peix de la família dels blènnids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Morfologia

Reproducció

És ovípar.[6]

Hàbitat

És un peix marí de clima tropical que viu entre 0-10 m de fondària.[4]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des de Panamà fins al nord de Xile.[4] [7][8]

Observacions

És emprat per preparar una sopa anomenada borracho, la qual provoca cansament i una intoxicació lleu, tot i que aquests efectes són de curta durada.[9]

Referències

  1. Jordan D. S. & Evermann B. W., 1898. The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part III. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. Núm. 47. i-xxiv + 2183a-3136.
  2. BioLib (anglès)
  3. Steindachner, F., 1876. Ichthyologische Beiträge (V). (Subtitles i-v.). Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien v. 74 (1. Abth.): 49-240, Pls. 1-15.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 FishBase (anglès)
  5. Hastings, P.A., 1995. Blenniidae. Borrachos. p. 927-930. A W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identificación de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacífico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Roma, Itàlia.
  6. Breder, C.M. i D.E. Rosen, 1966. Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City (Estats Units). 941 p.
  7. García-Godos Naveda, I., 2001. Patrones morfológicos del otolito sagitta de algunos peces óseos del mar peruano. Bol. Inst. Mar Perú 20(1-2): 1-83.
  8. Pequeño, G., 1989. Peces de Chile. Lista sistemática revisada y comentada. Rev. Biol. Mar., Valparaiso 24(2):1-132.
  9. Hastings, P.A., 1995.


Bibliografia

  • Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8 (1990).
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Hardy, J.D. Jr., 2003. Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. Estats Units. 537 p.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, Joseph S.: Fishes of the World, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-25031-7. Any 2006.
  • Springer, V.G., 1986. Blenniidae. p. 742-755. A M.M. Smith i P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín.
  • Springer, V.: Blennies. Planes 214-217 a W.N. Eschmeyer, J. R. Paxton, editors. Encyclopedia of Fishes – 2a edició, San Diego, Califòrnia: Academic Press. Any 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.
  • Williams, J. T., 1986: Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic revision of the Blenniid fish genera Cirripectes and Scartichthys. Dissertation Abstracts International v. 47 (núm. 5): 1-2.
  • Williams, J. T., 1990: Phylogenetic relationships and revision of the blenniid fish genus Scartichthys. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Núm. 492: i-iii + 1-30.


Enllaços externs

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Scartichthys gigas: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Scartichthys gigas és una espècie de peix de la família dels blènnids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Scartichthys gigas

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Scartichthys gigas, the giant blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the eastern Pacific ocean, from Panama to northern Chile. Members of this species feed primarily off of plants (including benthic algae and weeds), crustaceans, and small mollusks and they themselves are seldom caught for human consumption, as their meat is tasteless. It is said that they can be made into a mildly narcotic soup, therefore their Spanish name borrachilla (drunk). This species reaches a length of 22.2 centimetres (8.7 in) SL.[2]

References

  1. ^ Bessudo, S.; Dominici-Arosemena, A.; Espinosa, H.; Hastings, P. (2010). "Scartichthys gigas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T183275A8084978. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T183275A8084978.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Scartichthys gigas" in FishBase. February 2013 version.
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Scartichthys gigas: Brief Summary

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Scartichthys gigas, the giant blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the eastern Pacific ocean, from Panama to northern Chile. Members of this species feed primarily off of plants (including benthic algae and weeds), crustaceans, and small mollusks and they themselves are seldom caught for human consumption, as their meat is tasteless. It is said that they can be made into a mildly narcotic soup, therefore their Spanish name borrachilla (drunk). This species reaches a length of 22.2 centimetres (8.7 in) SL.

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Scartichthys gigas ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El borracho (Scartichthys gigas) es una especie de pez de la familia Blenniidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 22,2 cm de longitud total.[2][3]​ Perfil anterior de la cabeza redondeado o muy convexo; coloración variable, con manchas reticuladas o 2 líneas o bandas a lo largo del cuerpo, una mancha oscura detrás del ojo y otra al comienzo de la aleta dorsal, entre la primera y tercera espinas dorsales, a veces manchas que pueden formar bandas verticales sobre el cuerpo, aleta dorsal con el borde blanco. Aleta anal con 16 radios; aleta dorsal larga y muy muesqueada; con una porción espinosa casi de igual longitud que la porción blanda; con 12 espinas y 16 a 18 radios. Cirros orbitales presentes. Piel lisa, sin escamas y rica en elementos glandulares secretores de mucina. Aletas ventrales de posición yugular reducidas a sencillos bastoncitos cartilaginosos. Los ejemplares juveniles tienes coloración variada, siendo la más común, la amarilla de fondo, con dos rayas horizontales oscuras y asociadas a éstas, innumerables manchas de un tono amarillo claro.

Reproducción

Es ovíparo de puesta en sustrato.

Hábitat

Es un pez de mar y de clima templado que vive entre 0-40 m de profundidad. Vive cerca de la costa en fondos rocosos de preferencia con abundantes algas. En Perú y Chile es uno de los peces más abundantes en el litoral y habitualmente se le encuentra en grietas de rocas cohabitando con crustáceos pequeños. Con frecuencia se le observa con un temperamento ansioso y territorial.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en el Pacífico oriental, desde Panamá hasta el norte de Chile.

Referencias

  1. Bessudo, S., Dominici-Arosemena, A., Espinosa, H. y Hastings, P. (2010). «Scartichthys gigas». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2012.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 14 de enero de 2013.
  2. FishBase (en inglés)
  3. Hastings, P.A., 1995. Blenniidae. Borrachos. p. 927-930. A W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter y V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identificación de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacífico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Roma, Itàlia.

Bibliografía

  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos, 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986:. A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
  • Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
  • Medina M., C. Vega & M. Araya. 2004. Guía de peces marinos de la zona norte de Chile. Industrias gráficas Tarapacá. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile. 21-90 pp.
  • Méndez-Abarca F. 2015. El acuario marino costero chileno. Fundación Reino Animal. Arica, Chile. 1-178 pp.
  • Méndez-Abarca F. & E.A. Mundaca. 2016. Colouration patterns of two species of the genus Scartichthys (Blenniidae: Perciformes) in the coastal area of northern Chile. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía. Vol. 51, N.º 2: 475-481.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Scartichthys gigas: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El borracho (Scartichthys gigas) es una especie de pez de la familia Blenniidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Scartichthys gigas ( Basque )

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Scartichthys gigas Scartichthys generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Blenniidae familian.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Scartichthys gigas FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Scartichthys gigas: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Scartichthys gigas Scartichthys generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Blenniidae familian.

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Scartichthys gigas ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Scartichthys gigas is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van naakte slijmvissen (Blenniidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1876 door Franz Steindachner.[3] Hij gaf aan de soort de naam Salarias gigas.

De soort staat op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN als niet bedreigd, beoordelingsjaar 2007.[1] Ze komt voor in de oostelijke Stille Oceaan, van Panama tot Chili. De vindplaats van Steindachners specimen was Callao (Peru). De dieren kunnen ongeveer 22 centimeter lang worden.

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