Lannea acida A. Rich.

Lannea acida is a shrub or small deciduous tree within the family Anacardiaceae. It is endemic to the Guinea and Sudan savannas of West and Central Africa.

Description

A small tree, it is capable of growing up to 12 meters tall, it has a brown-black colored scaly bark, with red and yellow fibrous slash.^[1] Leaves are alternate and imparipinnate and with red rachis when young; leaflets are glabrous, leaf-blade is narrowly ovate, 4-12 cm long and 1.5-5 cm wide and with an acute to acuminate apex and a cuneate base.^[1] Fruits is an ellipsoid drupe, yellowish to red colored when ripe, fruiting usually begins at the end of the dry season or at the beginning of the rainy season and last a couple of months, the plant is usually leafless during the fruiting period.^[2]

Distribution

The species occurs in the Guinea and Sudan savannahs of West and Central Africa, it is also found around the edges of rainwater forests.^[3]

Chemistry

Test on the bark extracts of the plant indicated the presence of flavanoids, such as 7-methyltectorigenin, 6,7-(2”,2”-dimethyl chromeno)-8-γ,γ-dimethyl allyl flavanone and Irisolidine.^[3]

Uses

Parts of Lannea acida are consumed as food, used in dyeing methods and also in traditional medical practices. In traditional medical practices, it serves as a multipurpose species, whereby parts are used to treat symptoms associated with stomach pains, diarrhea and rheumatism.^[3] Ripe fruits are edible and consumed by many local communities.^[3]

References

Lannea acida, dont le nom commun français est le lannéa acide ou raisinier (comme Lannea microcarpa), est un petit arbre de la famille des Anacardiacées, que l’on retrouve en zone soudanienne - au sud du Sahel, du Sénégal au Cameroun^[1].

Description

Stature

Lannea acida est un arbre de petite stature, dont la taille atteint 4-6 mètres^[1].

Bois et écorce

l’écorce est noirâtre et fissurée, les rameaux poilus, parfois collants^[1].

Feuilles

les feuilles, de couleur plus foncée que celles de l’espèce Lannea microcarpa, sont caduques et présentent un bord rouge^[1].

Fleurs et fruits

les fleurs sont de couleur vert-jaune, disposées en épis. Les baies sont de couleur rouge et se présentent sous forme de grappes pendantes^[1].

Utilisations

Usages avérés en pharmacopée

Lannea acida sert au traitement de la dysenterie^[1].

Usages alimentaires et culinaires

les fruits, au goût acide à résineux, sont comestibles, et servent notamment à la fabrication de boissons alcoolisées^[2].

Usages agricoles, pastoraux et vétérinaires

les feuilles servent au fourrage pour les chèvres^[1].

Usages domestiques, artisanaux et industriels

le macéré de l’écorce produit une teinture rouge^[2]. Le bois, dur et à grain très fin, sert de combustible, ainsi qu'à la fabrication de divers ustensiles^[1].

Notes et références

Lannea acida là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Đào lộn hột. Loài này được A.Rich. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1831.^[1]

Chú thích

Liên kết ngoài

• Phương tiện liên quan tới Lannea acida tại Wikimedia Commons
• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Lannea acida tại Wikispecies
• Vườn thực vật hoàng gia Kew; Đại học Harvard; Australian Plant Name Index (biên tập). “Lannea acida”. International Plant Names Index. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 9 năm 2013.