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Description

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Meristogenys macrophthalmus is a relatively small member of the M. jerboa species group and measures 37.8 mm SVL for the male holotype. This species has a moderately stout body. The head is broad, the snout is blunt with distinct canthi and the pineal spot is visible. It has a distinct tympanum. Eyes are large and elevated. Vomerine teeth are poorly developed but present in small oblique groups. The tongue is notched, and lacks papillae. The skin texture is shagreened dorsally, and the flanks are coarsely granular. A glandular dorsolateral fold is present. The throat in contrast is smooth, and the chest and abdomen are rugose. In males, paired vocal sacs form gular pouches at the corners of the throat. Distinct nuptial pads for males cover the first finger from its base to the subarticular tubercle. The fingers are relatively slender with the first and second fingers being shorter. Tips expand into discs with circummarginal grooves. The discs of the third and fourth fingers are the largest. Supernumerary metacarpal tubercles are absent. The toe discs are similar in shape and size to those of fingers. Toes are fully webbed with fringing on the first toe. The inner metatarsal tubercle is oval while the outer metatarsal tubercle is round. While the color in life has not been described, in preservative M. macrophthalmus is grayish-brown on the dorsal portion of the head and body. The upper lip is white. An indistinct dark stripe runs from the eye to the tympanum, diverging after the tympanum. One branch cuts behind the tympanum, and the other continues dorsolaterally along the side of the trunk. The dorsal surfaces of the limbs have alternating gray and brown crossbars. The posterior of the thigh is dark-brown with small light spots. The ventral surfaces are white but spotted with melanophores, with few spots on the legs. The anterior part of the thigh is white with indistinct dark bars.The specific name macrophthalmus is derived from the Greek words macros , meaning large, and ophthalmos , meaning eye.

Reference

IUCN, Conservation International, and NatureServe. (2008). Global Amphibian Assessment: Meristogenys macrophthalmus. www.globalamphibians.org. Accessed on 16 October 2008.

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Distribution and Habitat

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This species is known only from a single specimen collected in June 1964, and formally described in 1986 (Matsui 1986). The holotype was found at Sungai Metallum, in Bintulu District, central Sarawak, Malaysia (on Borneo).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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The primary threat to this species is likely to come from habitat loss due to deforestation (IUCN 2008).
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Meristogenys macrophthalmus

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Meristogenys macrophthalmus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Sarawak in northern Borneo (Malaysia) and is only known from its type locality in the Bintulu District.[3][4] The specific name macrophthalmus is derived from the Greek words macros (="large") and ophthalmos (="eye") and refers to the large eyes of this frog.[2] Common names Matsui's Borneo frog,[3] large-eyed torrent frog,[1] and big-eyed torrent frog have been coined for it.[5]

Description

This species is only known from the holotype, which is an adult male measuring about 37 mm (1.5 in) in snout–vent length.[2][4] The body is moderately stout. The snout is somewhat blunt. The eyes are large (diameter 6.5 mm (0.3 in)). The tympanum is distinct and also relatively large. The fingers and the toes bear round discs; the toes are fully webbed. Skin is shagreened above. There is a low, glandular dorsolateral fold. The flanks are coarsely granular, the throat smooth, and the venter rugose. Coloration of living animals is unknown; the preserved specimen is grayish-brown dorsal with some indistinct markings. The upper lip is whitish. The limbs have crossbars dorsally. The underside is whitish.[2]

Habitat and conservation

Meristogenys macrophthalmus live primary, hilly, lowland rainforest. Breeding takes place in streams. It is threatened by habitat loss (clear-cutting).[1]

Type locality in Malaysian Borneo.
Type locality in Malaysian Borneo.
Meristogenys macrophthalmus is only known from the Bintulu District in Sarawak (Malaysia)

References

  1. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Meristogenys macrophthalmus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T58372A96176264. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T58372A96176264.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d Matsui, Masafumi (1986). "Three new species of Amolops (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae)". Copeia. 1986 (3): 623–630. doi:10.2307/1444943. JSTOR 1444943.
  3. ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Meristogenys macrophthalmus (Matsui, 1986)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  4. ^ a b Inger, Robert F. & Stuebing, Robert B. (2009). "New species and new records of Bornean frogs (Amphibia: Anura)" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 57 (2): 527–535. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Haas, A.; Das, I. & Hertwig, S.T. (2017). "Meristogenys macrophthalmus (Big-eyed Torrent Frog)". Frogs of Borneo. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
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Meristogenys macrophthalmus: Brief Summary

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Meristogenys macrophthalmus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Sarawak in northern Borneo (Malaysia) and is only known from its type locality in the Bintulu District. The specific name macrophthalmus is derived from the Greek words macros (="large") and ophthalmos (="eye") and refers to the large eyes of this frog. Common names Matsui's Borneo frog, large-eyed torrent frog, and big-eyed torrent frog have been coined for it.

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