Black Howler Monkey

Alouatta caraya (Humboldt 1812)

Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor cc-by-nc-sa-3.0

Alouatta caraya (Black Howler Monkey) is a species of primates in the family atelid monkeys. They are listed as near threatened by IUCN and in cites appendix ii. They are native to The Neotropics. They are diurnal omnivores. Individuals are known to live for 243.6 months and can grow to 1700 mm. Reproduction is viviparous. They have parental care (female provides care).

URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/nearThreatened
Definition: A taxon is Near Threatened when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future
Source: http://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/41545

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/CITES_II
Definition: Appendix II lists species that are not necessarily now threatened with extinction but that may become so unless trade is closely controlled. It also includes so-called "look-alike species", i.e. species whose specimens in trade look like those of species listed for conservation reasons. International trade in specimens of Appendix-II species may be authorized by the granting of an export permit or re-export certificate. No import permit is necessary for these species under CITES (although a permit is needed in some countries that have taken stricter measures than CITES requires). Permits or certificates should only be granted if the relevant authorities are satisfied that certain conditions are met, above all that trade will not be detrimental to the survival of the species in the wild. (See Article IV of the Convention)
Source: https://www.speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/8425/legal

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217151
Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Neotropic.svg

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q164509
Definition: organism consuming a variety of foods, usually including both plants and animals

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q906470
Definition: animal behavior characterized by activity during the day, with a period of inactivity at night.

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URI: http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/Viviparous
Definition: 1) Producing live offspring from within the body of the parent (Lincoln et al., 1998). 2) Development of an embryo within the body of the parent, in part, resources passing directly from parent to embryo (Barnes et al., 2006).
Attribution: Lincoln, R., Boxshall, G. & Clark, P., 1998. A dictionary of ecology, evolution and systematics (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University of Press. Barnes R.S.K., Calow P., Olive P.J.W., Golding, D.W, and Spicer, J.I. 2006. The invertebrates: a new synthesis, Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/wiki/Traits:Viviparous

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/parentalCareFemale
Definition: the female feeds and nurtures offspring
Attribution: Richard M. Sibly, Christopher C. Witt, Natalie A. Wright, Chris Venditti, Walter Jetz, and James H. Brown. 2012. Energetics, lifestyle, and reproduction in birds. PNAS 109(27):10937-10941, doi:10.1073/pnas.1206512109

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EOL has data for 63 attributes, including:

age at maturity
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/AgeAtMaturity
- Definition: Age at the first successful reproduction.
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1354.15 days
body shape
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/BodyShape
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bilaterally symmetric
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001324
- Definition: being symmetric about a plane running from frontal end to caudal end (head to tail), and having nearly identical right and left halves
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diet breadth
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/DietBreadth
- Definition: Number of dietary categories eaten by an organism.
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3
diet includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Diet
- Definition: Information about the items eaten by this organism.
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leaves
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025034
- Definition: phyllomes not associated with a reproductive structure
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geographic range (size of area)
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/GeographicRangeArea
- Definition: The total extent of the geographic range of an organism.
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1534736.35 km^2
head-body length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HeadBodyLength
- Definition: Head-body length is the total length from tip of nose to anus, base of tail or vent (i.e. tail length is excluded).
- Comment: Example: snout vent length in amphibians
- Attribution: YouTheria Manual: Head-body length http://www.utheria.org/head-bodylength.aspx
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520 mm
hind tarsus length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HindTarsusLength
- Definition: The hind foot length, from heel to toe.
- Attribution: Darrin Lunde
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155 mm
inter-birth interval
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/InterBirthInterval
- Definition: The length of time between successive births of a female.
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338 days
litters per year
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/LittersPerYear
- Definition: Number of litters per female per year
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0.98
mating system
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/MatingSystem
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not monogamous
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/notMonogamous
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native range includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/NativeRange
- Definition: Lists jurisdictions in which a given organism is a member of the undisturbed fauna or flora.
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The Neotropics
- URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217151
- Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
- Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Neotropic.svg
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outer ear length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/OuterEarLength
- Definition: External ear (pinna) length is a standard measurement in mammalogy, usually measured in a living mammal or a fresh mammal carcass. External ear length is measured from the base of the notch at the bottom of the ear to the apex (highest point) of the ear.
- Comment: syn. ear length, ear notch length, external ear (pinna) length
- Attribution: Kristofer Helgen
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32 mm

Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of Black Howler Monkey. View this species on GBIF

Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor cc-by-nc-sa-3.0