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Trophic Strategy

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Is an omnivore which is capable of specializing on particular foods that become seasonally abundant (Ref. 42173). Occurs in faster-water habitats (riffles) and less commonly in deeper pools (Ref. 26186).
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Recorder
Pascualita Sa-a
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Morphology

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Analsoft rays: 9 - 10
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Armi G. Torres
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Diagnostic Description

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Anal fin with 9-10 rays; ventral-fin origin before dorsal-fin origin; large, forked caudal fin; pharyngeal teeth 1,5-4,1; scales absent; wide, flat head; body compressed at rear; subterminal mouth on long, rounded snout; barbel at corner of mouth; fairly small eye high on head; dusky gray above; brilliant silver side, often with blue sheen, sometimes faint yellow at paired fin bases; breeding males with pink lower side (Ref. 86798).
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Biology

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Occurs in fast sandy runs and pools of small to medium rivers, usually in warm turbid water (Ref. 86798). Most commonly found in shallow, moderately flowing water over shifting sand substrates (Ref. 26186). Spawning in the Virgin river begins in April to May and continues through August (Ref. 26186).
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Plagopterus argentissimus ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus és una espècie de peix de la família dels ciprínids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.

Morfologia

Hàbitat

És un peix d'aigua dolça i de clima temperat.[4]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a Nord-amèrica: conca del riu Colorado a Utah, Nevada i Arizona (els Estats Units).[4][6][7][8][9][10][11]

Referències

  1. Cope E. D., 1874. On the Plagopterinae and the ichthyology of Utah. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. v. 14. 129-139.
  2. BioLib (anglès)
  3. Cope, E. D., 1874. On the Plagopterinae and the ichthyology of Utah. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society v. 14: 129-139.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 FishBase (anglès)
  5. Williams, J.E., 1995. Threatened fishes of the world: Plagopterus argentissimus (Cope, 1874) (Cyprinidae). Environ. Biol. Fish. 43(4):400.
  6. Cross, J.N., 1985. Distribution of fish in the Virgin River, a tributary of the lower Colorado River. Environ. Biol. Fish. 12(1):13-21.
  7. Greger, P.D. i J.E. Deacon, 1987. Diel food utilization by woundfin, Plagopterus argentissimus, in Virgin River, Arizona. Environ. Biol. Fish. 19(1):73-77.
  8. Hugg, D.O., 1996. MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. i Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater (Maryland), Estats Units.
  9. Jelks, H.L., S.J. Walsh, N.M. Burkhead, S. Contreras-Balderas, E. Díaz-Pardo, D.A. Hendrickson, J. Lyons, N.E. Mandrak, F. McCormick, J.S. Nelson, S.P> Platania, B.A. Porter, C.B. Renaud, J.J. Schmitter-Soto, E.B. Taylor i M.L. Warren, Jr., 2008. Conservation status of imperiled North American freshwater and diadromous fishes. Fisheries 33(8): 372-407.
  10. Page, L.M. i B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 432 p.
  11. Uyeno, T. i R.R. Miller, 1973. Chromosomes and the evolution of the plagopterin fishes (Cyprinidae) of the Colorado river system. Copeia (4):776-782.


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Baillie, J. i Groombridge, B., 1996. Llista Vermella d'Animals Amenaçats de la UICN 1996. UICN, Gland, Suïssa.
  • Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8 (1990).
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Groombridge, B. (ed.), 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. UICN, Gland, Suïssa.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre, 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. UICN, Gland, Suïssa i Cambridge, la Gran Bretanya.
  • IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre, 1988. 1988 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. UICN, Gland, Suïssa i Cambridge, la Gran Bretanya.
  • UICN, 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. UICN, Gland, Suïssa i Cambridge, la Gran Bretanya.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  • Nelson, J.S. 2006: Fishes of the world. Quarta edició. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, Nova Jersey, Estats Units. 601 p.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
  • Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980. Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3): 1-38.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.


Enllaços externs

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Plagopterus argentissimus: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus és una espècie de peix de la família dels ciprínids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.

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Woundfin

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The woundfin (Plagopterus argentissimus) is a species of minnow endemic to the Virgin River of the southwestern United States. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Plagopterus.

Description

The woundfin is a small slender, silvery minnow, with a flattened head and belly, long snout, leathery skin, and no scales. There are barbels on the corners of its lips, and its common name likely comes from the first spinous ray of its dorsal fin, which is sharp-pointed. Its maximum length is rarely more than 7.5 cm (3 in).[2] It can be distinguished from spikedace and spinedace by presence of barbels.

Distribution

Historically, the woundfin occupied much of the lower Colorado River basin, including two tributaries, the Virgin River and part of the Gila River; however, habitat destruction through dams and water development has led to its extirpation from these regions. In addition, several introduced species, most notably the red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) have contributed to a decrease in the woundfin's Virgin River population. The woundfin is currently federally listed as an endangered species, while the United States Fish and Wildlife Service lists the population status as "declining."

Habitat

The woundfin tolerates highly mineralized, turbid waters. It is typically found in warm, swift streams of high turbidity, preferring a stream speed of one to two feet per second and a depth of eight to eighteen inches.[2] Woundfin lives in part of salty streams, avoiding clear waters and rarely can be found in quieter pools.

Food

The woundfin is omnivorous, and depending on availability will feed on detritus, algae, seeds, and aquatic insects and their larvae.[2][3]

Conservation status

Historically, the woundfin also occupied the lower Colorado River from the Virgin to Yuma, Arizona, and the Gila River from Yuma to its confluence with the Salt River, but habitat destruction through water development (including eight major dams which alter flow) and the introduction of several species (particularly the red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis), which competes for food and is known to prey upon the woundfin's eggs and young[4]) have led to its extirpation in these regions as well as a decline in population in the Virgin River.[3] Since 1970, the woundfin has been listed as an endangered species. Other listings include "Vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List and "Critically Imperiled" (the most critical classification) by NatureServe. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service lists the population status as "declining." The Dexter National Fish Hatchery in Dexter, New Mexico studies the woundfin in an effort to help conserve the species, and has successfully spawned the fish in captivity.[2] However, efforts to transplant the species into other rivers and creeks have failed due to reproduction not taking place.[5] On July 11, 2007, approximately 50 woundfin were released into the Hassayampa River near Wickenburg, Arizona. The hatchery-raised fish were from wild Virgin River stock. The only wild population of the species is in the Virgin River. An aggressive program to eradicate red shiner from the Virgin River in Utah has all but removed red shiner from reaches previously dominated by red shiner. Fish barriers have been erected to prevent re-colonization by red shiner, and has allowed the reintroduction of hatchery raised woundfin. Several thousand of hatchery-raised woundfin were released in the fall of 2007 and 2008. With red shiner no longer a threat, low flows and high temperatures are the biggest threats still facing woundfin. Another minnow, the Virgin River chub (Gila seminuda), has much of the same range as the woundfin and thus faces the same threats of extinction, particularly competition from the red shiner and a decrease in water quality as the result of agricultural runoff.[5]

References

  1. ^ NatureServe (2013). "Plagopterus argentissimus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2013: e.T17468A19034295. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T17468A19034295.en. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d "Plagopterus argentissimus". Arizona Game and Fish Department. 2001. Retrieved on July 16, 2006.
  3. ^ a b "Plagopterus argentissimus." NatureServe. June 9, 2006 version. Retrieved on July 16, 2006.
  4. ^ "Designation of Critical Habitat for the Woundfin and Virgin River Chub." Federal Register. January 26, 2006 edition.. Retrieved on July 23, 2006.
  5. ^ a b Endangered Species Protection Program. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Updated May 2, 2006. Retrieved on July 16, 2006.
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Woundfin: Brief Summary

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The woundfin (Plagopterus argentissimus) is a species of minnow endemic to the Virgin River of the southwestern United States. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Plagopterus.

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Plagopterus argentissimus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus es una especie de peces de la familia de los Cyprinidae en el orden de los Cypriniformes.

Morfología

  • Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 10 cm de longitud total.[2][3]

Hábitat

Es un pez de agua dulce y de clima templado.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentran en Norteamérica: cuenca del río Colorado en Utah, Nevada y Arizona (los Estados Unidos ).

Alteración del hábitat y Amenazas

El sistema del Río Virgen se ha visto afectada negativamente por el desarrollo de la agricultura y la energía causada por el hombre.

El declive del Plagopterus argentissimus se ha debido en parte a la pérdida de hábitat, fragmentación y degradación causada por las presas, embalses y la desviación del agua. La Finalización del Quail Creek State Park en Utah en 1985 fue seguido por una disminución sustancial en la abundancia y el área de ocupación del Plagopterus argentissimus. A causa de esto las principales amenazas son la competencia y la depredación por parte de especies no nativas (principalmente por el Cyprinella lutrensis) y la degradación del hábitat (flujo reducido / temperaturas elevadas). Las causas de la disminución más reciente en el número de Plagopterus argentissimus se atribuyó a la siguiente serie de condiciones ambientales:

  • Persistencia de la sequía, con temperaturas de verano superior del comportamiento térmico máximo y máximo térmico crítico, por lo cual la temperatura del hábitat es superior que en décadas anteriores y la especie no se adapta al hábitat natural (debido al cambio climático) y no es posible la supervivencia a largo plazo.
  • Escurrimiento de partes quemadas del drenaje.
  • La sedimentación del hábitat.

Acciones de conservación

En 1994 El Servicio de Pesca y Vida Silvestre de los Estados Unidos (en inglés, US Fish and Wildlife Service, FWS) declara las siguientes acciones necesarias:

  • Monitorear la población existente.
  • Eliminar Cyprinella lutrensis del sistema del Río Virgen.
  • Desarrollar un protocolo viable de operaciones para los flujos regulados dentro del Río Virgen, afectados por el Sistema de Quail Creek State Park y otros sistemas propuestos.
  • Recomendar sitios específicos convenientes para la reintroducción de las poblaciones adicionales de Plagopterus argentissimus.
  • Hábitat seguro y apropiado y proteger el flujo para los sitios de reintroducción seleccionados.
  • Desarrollar e implementar programas de control adecuados para las poblaciones reintroducidas de Plagopterus argentissimus.
  • Llevar a cabo investigaciones sobre la historia de vida de Plagopterus argentissimus.
  • Llevar a cabo investigaciones sobre el potencial de mejoría de los hábitats en el río Virgen.

Referencias

  1. Hammerson, GA y Ormes, M. (2013). «Plagopterus argentissimus». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2013.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 9 de abril de 2014.
  2. FishBase (en inglés)
  3. Williams, J.E., 1995. Threatened fishes of the world: Plagopterus argentissimus (Cope, 1874) (Cyprinidae). Environ. Biol. Fish. 43(4):400.

Bibliografía

  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Estados Unidos. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Plagopterus argentissimus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus es una especie de peces de la familia de los Cyprinidae en el orden de los Cypriniformes.

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Plagopterus argentissimus ( Basque )

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Plagopterus argentissimus Plagopterus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Cyprinidae familian.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) FishBase

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Plagopterus argentissimus: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Plagopterus argentissimus Plagopterus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Cyprinidae familian.

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Plagopterus argentissimus ( French )

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Plagopterus argentissimus est un poisson de la famille des cyprinidés[1], endémique de la rivière Virgin dans le sud-ouest des États-Unis.

Alimentation

Omnivore, il se nourrit d'algues, de graines, d'insectes aquatiques et de leur larves.

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Plagopterus argentissimus: Brief Summary ( French )

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Plagopterus argentissimus est un poisson de la famille des cyprinidés, endémique de la rivière Virgin dans le sud-ouest des États-Unis.

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Plagopterus argentissimus ( Italian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus è un piccolo pesce d'acqua dolce appartenente alla famiglia Cyprinidae, unico rappresentante del genere Plagopterus.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa nelle acque dolci dell'America del Nord (Utah, Arizona, Nevada), dove frequenta zone con corso medio e lento a substrato sabbioso, spesso con acque torbide.

Descrizione

Presenta un corpo snello e allungato, con profili dorsale arcuato e ventre poco pronunciato. Gli occhi sono grandi. Le scaglie sono molto piccole, quasi invisibili a occhio nudo. Le pinne sono trapezoidali, con i vertici arrotondati. La pinna caudale è bilobata. La livrea: un colore di fondo azzurro argenteo con vivi riflessi metallici. Il dorso è più scuro, il ventre tendente al bianco. Le pinne sono trasparenti, con velature d'azzurro e di grigio.
Raggiunge una lunghezza massima di 10 cm.

Riproduzione

La fecondazione è esterna, con deposizione delle uova lasciate a sé stesse: non vi sono cure parentali. Il periodo riproduttivo avviene, nei luoghi d'origine, tra aprile e agosto.

Alimentazione

Questa specie si nutre di piccoli pesci, insetti, vermi, invertebrati in genere.

Pericolo di estinzione

P. argentissimus è stato iscritto alla Lista Rossa IUCN a causa delle modifiche al suo habitat naturale: infatti nei fiumi dove è diffuso si è registrata la costruzione di numerose dighe che hanno interferito con il normale scorrimento delle acque fluviali.

Note

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Plagopterus argentissimus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Plagopterus argentissimus è un piccolo pesce d'acqua dolce appartenente alla famiglia Cyprinidae, unico rappresentante del genere Plagopterus.

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Aštriapelekės ( Lithuanian )

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Aštriapelekės (Plagopterus) – karpinių (Cyprinidae) šeimos žuvų gentis.

Gentyje vienintelė rūšis – sidabrinė aštriapelekė (Plagopterus argentissimus).

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Plagopterus argentissimus ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Plagopterus argentissimus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de eigenlijke karpers (Cyprinidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1874 door Cope.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Plagopterus argentissimus op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Plagopterus argentissimus. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 02 2013 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2013.
Geplaatst op:
27-02-2013
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傷鰭魚 ( Chinese )

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二名法 Plagopterus argentissimus
Cope, 1874

傷鰭魚学名Plagopterus argentissimus)是輻鰭魚綱鯉形目鯉科的其中一個,是傷鰭魚屬中的唯一一種。僅分佈在分布於北美洲美國猶他州內華達州亞利桑納州維琴河(Virgin River)內。體長可達10公分,棲息在底層水域。

参考文献

外部連結

傷鰭魚的圖片

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傷鰭魚: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

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傷鰭魚(学名:Plagopterus argentissimus)是輻鰭魚綱鯉形目鯉科的其中一個,是傷鰭魚屬中的唯一一種。僅分佈在分布於北美洲美國猶他州內華達州亞利桑納州維琴河(Virgin River)內。體長可達10公分,棲息在底層水域。

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