Holcopasites calliopsidis calliopsidis (Linsley 1943)

Holcopasites calliopsidis calliopsidis (Linsley)

Neopasites illinoiensis.—authors, not Robertson 1891, Crawford 1903:334 [Nebraska: Lincoln and West Point, 4–11 September, Solidago rigida, and Grindelia squarrosa].—Swenk 1907:297 [Nebraska: Lincoln, West Point, Cedar Bluffs, and Omaha at flowers of Solidago rigida and Grindelia squarrosa in fall and at flowers of Ratibida columnaris, Symphoricarpos occidentalis, and Asclepias in the summer. Note: Some of these records evidently also apply to Holcopasites stevensi, q.v.].

Neopasites pulchellus.—authors, not Cresson, 1878, Cockerell and Robbins 1910:190 [Colorado: Colorado Springs].

Holcopasites pulchellus.—authors, not Cresson 1878, Cockerell 1928:111; 1934:12 [Colorado: Denver].

Holcopasites stevensi.—authors, not Crawford 1903, Popov 1933:62–63, fig. 5b, fig. 7, ♂ ♀ [Iowa: Sioux City].—Ainslie 1937: 99–100 [Iowa: Sioux City].

Holcopasites illinoiensis.—not Robertson 1891, Ainslie 1937: 255.

Neopasites (Neopasites) pulchellus, in part, (not Cresson 1878), Linsley 1943:133 [Colorado records only; New Mexico records apply to Holcopasites calliopsidis calliopsidis, q.v.].

Neopasites (Neopasites) calliopsidis Linsley, 1943:124, 126, 137–138, 9 S [Iowa: Sioux City. Kansas: Manhattan. Montana: Forsyth]; 1944:280 [Colorado: Boulder on Chrysopsis; 2 miles north of Boulder on Chrysopsis; and Cuchara Camps, Spanish Peaks, elevation 8,000 ft., on Aster].

Holcopasites (Holcopasites) calliopsidis.—Linsley 1951: 1207, ♀ ♂ [Iowa, Kansas, Montana, and Colorado].—Linsley, MacSwain, and Smith 1956:82 [Mexico: nine miles southwest of Fresnillo in Zacatecas].—Mitchell 1962: 486–487, table 16, ♀ ♂ [Minnesota to Michigan, south to Tennessee].—Rozen 1966:33 [New Jersey: Watchung Reservation, Union County. Pennsylvania: Brookville, Jefferson County]; Krombein 1967:498.

Holcopasites calliopsidis.—Shinn 1967:928–929 [“…parasitizes Calliopsis andreniformis at Lawrence, Kansas; Nacogdoches, Texas; Knoxville, Tennessee; and apparently in Iowa and Illinois”].

Holcopasites pseudocarinatus Mitchell, 1962:486, 489–490, table 16, ♀ [Wisconsin: U. Hill Farm, Madison. New synonymy].

Holcopasites (Holcopasites) pseudocarinatus.—Krombein 1967:499.

LOCATION OF TYPES.—H. calliopsidis, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia; H. pseudocarinatus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

GEOGRAPHIC RANGE.—Northeastern, central, and southwestern United States (Arizona, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Wisconsin) and southward into Mexico (Zacatecas).

HOSTS.—Calliopsis andreniformis Smith (confirmed) and possibly Pseudopanurgus sp. (Table 1).

SPECIMENS EXAMINED.—ARIZONA. COCONINO COUNTY: Flagstaff, 2 ♀, VIII–7 to 9–59 (K.V. Krombein, USNM).

COLORADO. “1604”, ♂ (USNM). ARAPAHOE COUNTY: Littleton, ♂, VI–22–11 (AMNH). BOULDER COUNTY: ♂, VII–6–26 (C. H. Hicks, UCR). Boulder, ♂,♀, VI–26–39, flowers Chrysopsis (P. H. Timberlake, UCR); ♀, VI–28–39, flowers Chrysopsis (P. H. Timberlake, UCR). Boulder, 2 mi N, ♀, VI–25–39, flowers Chrysopsis (P. H. Timberlake, UCR). Longmont, 2♀, VI–10 to 12–40 (L. Lanham, CIS). DENVER COUNTY: Denver, ♂, VI–18–18 (E. C. Jackson, CIS); ♂, VII–4–45 (R. W. L. Potts, CIS). HUERFANO COUNTY: Cuchara Camps, Spanish Peaks, 8,000 ft, 2♂, VII–4–39, flowers Aster (P. H. Timberlake, UCR).

ILLINOIS. CHAMPAIGN COUNTY: Urbana, ♀, VII–1–63 (E. R. JAYCOX, GEB); ♀, VI–25–64 (E. R. JAYCOX, GEB). JACKSON COUNTY: Carbondale,♂, V–16–57 (D. Koehler, UCD); ♀, V–31–57 (J. C. Downey, UCD). MADISON COUNTY: Edwardsville, ♂, VI–4–41 (H. H. Ross and Mohr, INHS). UNION COUNTY: Giant City State Park, ♀, VII–6–63 (R. M. Bohart, UCD). WABASH COUNTY: Mount Carmel, ♀, VI–6–41 (H. H. Ross and Mohr, INHS).

IOWA. COUNTY #28, ♂, VI–20–34 (H. C. Knutson, USNM). COUNTY #32, ♂, VII–7–34 (H. E. Jaques, USNM). BOONE COUNTY: Boone, 7 mi NE, 6♂, 4♀, VI–22–56 (W. E. LaBerge, UN). Boone, 13 mi NW, ♀, VIII–6–56 and ♀, VIII–14–56 (W. E. LaBerge). CARROLL COUNTY: Carroll, 9♂, 2♀, VI–8–63 (R. M. Bohart, UCD). JOHNSON COUNTY: Iowa City, ♂ VI–20–63 (R. M. Bohart, UCD). STORY COUNTY: Ames, ♂ VIII–8–58(D. A. Haws, GEB). Ames, 2 mi N, 2 ♀, VII–6–56 (W. E. LaBerge, UN). WOODBURY COUNTY: Sioux City (all collected by C. N. Ainslie), 2♂, 12♀, no date (AMNH, CIS, KU, UCR); ♀, VII–8–21 (AMNH); ♀, VII–19–24 (AMNH); 4♀, VI–26–26 (AMNH); 2♂, 2♀, VII–3–26 (AMNH, CIS, KU, USNM); 2♀, VIII–5–27 (CIS, USNM); ♀, VIII–22–27 (KU); 3♀, VII–20–28 (CIS, USNM); 4 ♀, VII–13–29 (USNM); ♀, VI–4–30 (CIS); 2♂, ♀, VI–14–30 (USNM); ♂, 7♀, VII–3–30 (CAS, CIS, USNM); 25 ♀, VII–5–30 (CIS, USNM);♂♀, VI–9–31 (ANSP, CAS, CIS, UCR); ♀, VI–13–31 (CIS); VII–2–35 (USNM); 28♂ 2 ♀, VI–1936 (USNM); ♀, VI–2–37 (CAS); ♂, VI–21–37 (UCR);♀, VI–16–38 (USNM); ♀, VI–13–40 (KU).

KANSAS. DOUGLAS COUNTY: ♂,♀, VI–1–49, flowers Melilotus officinalis (R. H. Beamer, KU); ♂, ♀, VI–10–51, at nesting site of Calliopsis andreniformis (J. G. Rozen, AMNH); 2 ♀, VI–17–51 (J. G. Rozen, AMNH); ♂, V–24–62 (W. J. Hanson, KU). Lawrence, 2♀, VI–11–51, flowers Melilotus sp. (W. E. LaBerge, UN); ♀, VI–20–52 (C. D. Michener, KU); ♂, VI–28–57 (A. F. Shinn); ♂, VI–11–59 (E. Ordway, KU); 20 ♀, VI–13–63 (D. W. Ribble). Lawrence, 10 mi W ♀, VI–12–50 (J. R. White, KU). Potter Lake (southeast of), Lawrence, VI–12–57, sweeping flowers Trifolium repens (A. F. Shinn). Sunnyside, Lawrence, ♂, ♀ VI–12–57 and ♂ VI–18–57, sweeping flowers Trifolium repens (A. F. Shinn). RILEY COUNTY: Manhattan, ♀, VI–11–32 (C. W. Sabrosky, KU); ♂, VI–16–57 (E. F. Martinez, Shinn).

KENTUCKY. HARDIN COUNTY: Fort Knox, ♂, VII–8–63 (P. E. Adams, UCD).

MINNESOTA. GOODHUE COUNTY: Redwing, 11 mi S, VIII–21–60 (J. R. Powers, CIS).

MISSOURI. HENRY COUNTY: Clinton, 2 ♀, VII–9–63 (R. M. Bohart, UCD).

MONTANA. ROSEBUD COUNTY: Forsyth, ♀ (C. N. Ainslie, CIS).

NEBRASKA. CUMING COUNTY: Westpoint, ♂, VI–12–05 and 12♂, 11♂, VI–22–05 (H. S. Smith, UN); ♂, VI–20, flowers of daisy (UN); 20♂, VI–27, flowers Ratibida (UN, CIS); 2♂, VI–27, flowers Symphoricarpos (UN). DIXON COUNTY: Concord, ♂, 2 ♀, VII–14–15, flowers Solidago (E. G. Anderson, UN). DOUGLAS COUNTY: Omaha, 3d, 4 ♀, VII–4–06 (F. H. Shoemaker, UN); ♀, VII–1–13 (L. T. Williams, UN); ♂, ♀, VI–23–14, flowers Achillea millefolium (L. T. Williams, UN). LANCASTER COUNTY: Lincoln, ♀, VI–28–10 (R. W. Dawson, UN);♂, VI–30–10 (F. A. Burnham, UN);♂, VIII–6–16, flowers Solidago (M. H. Swenk, UN). Malcom, 2♀, VI–18–59, flowers Melilotus (W. E. La Berge, UN). Roca, ♂, VI–28–10, sucking nectar from Anthemis cotula (M. H. Swenk, UN). RICHARDSON COUNTY: Rulo,♂, VII–1–15 (E. V. Partridge, UN). SAUNDERS COUNTY: Cedar Bluffs, 3 ♀, VII (H. S. Smith, UN).

NEW JERSEY. BERGEN COUNTY: Closter, ♀, VI–18–63, taken at Calliopsis nesting site (M. Statham, AMNH). MORRIS COUNTY: Farrington Lake, ♂, VI–24–62 (D. R. Whitehead, CIS). Morris Plains, ♀, VII–20–58 (D. R. Whitehead, CIS). UNION COUNTY: Watchung Reservation, ♂, VII–5–64 and 4 ♀, VIII–3–64, nest site 66 (A. R. Moldenke, AMNH).

NEW YORK. ALBANY COUNTY: Partridge Run St. Game Area, 4 miles north of Rensselaerville, 2 ♀, VII–20–70, “in nest area of Calliopsis andreniformis” (G. and K. Eickwort, CU). RENSSELAER COUNTY: Brainard, ♀, VII–11 to 22–66 (P. and B. Wygodzinsky, AMNH).

NORTH DAKOTA. CASS COUNTY: Fargo, ♀, IX–11–41, flowers Cleome lutea (O. A. Stevens, AMNH). MORTON COUNTY: Mandan Ullin, 10 mi W, 5♂ 2♀, VIII–7–62, associated with Calliopsis (J. G. and B. L. Rozen, AMNH). SLOPE COUNTY: Marmarth, 3 ♀, VII–4–49, flowers Lactuca pulchella (O. A. Steven, AMNH).

TENNESSEE. ANDERSON COUNTY: White Oak Lake, Atomic Energy Commission area, Oak Ridge, ♂, VII–15–57 (H. F. Howden, Shinn).

TEXAS. NACOGDOCHES COUNTY: Nacogdoches. 2 ♀, V–17–62 (A. F. Shinn).

UTAH. IRON COUNTY: Parowan Canyon, 5♂, 1♀, V–28–50 (G. E. Bohart, GEB). SAN JUAN COUNTY: La Sal Junction, 6 mi N, ♀, X–3–65 (R. W. Thorp, UCD).

WISCONSIN. DANE COUNTY: University Hill Farm, Madison, ♀, VIII–6–46, on flowers sweet clover (J. T. Medler, UNC).

MEXICO. ZACATECAS: Fresnillo, 9 mi SW, 7 ♀, VIII–7 to 14–56, associated with nests of Pseudopanurgus (E. G. Linsley, J. W. MacSwain, and R. F. Smith, CIS, Linsley, MacSwain and Smith, 1956:82); 11 ♀, VIII–20–56 (J. W. MacSwain, CIS).

Holcopasites calliopsidis proper is perhaps the most common member of the genus. It occurs over a large area of the United States and has been found as far south as Zacatecas in Mexico. It is geographically replaced in southern Texas and eastern Mexico by the generally more darkly colored H. calliopsidis carinatus. An examination of the holotype of H. pseudocarinatus Mitchell reveals that the specimen agrees in all essential characteristics with the holotype of H. calliopsidis and is accordingly placed in synonymy.