dcsimg
Image of Ozark chinkapin
Creatures » » Plants » » Dicotyledons » » Beech Family »

Ozark Chinkapin

Castanea ozarkensis Ashe

Comments

provided by eFloras
Castanea ozarkensis is concentrated in the Ozark Mountains, extending into the Ouachita Mountains (Arkansas) as well, where some intermediates with C . pumila may be found (G. E. Tucker 1975; G. P. Johnson 1988). Some authors have interpreted the putative hybrids as evidence to support inclusion of the Ozark chinkapin as a subspecies of C . pumila . Because virtually all chestnut species are interfertile, the occurrence of hybridization cannot be used as evidence of conspecificity, unless one is willing to accept a single chestnut species worldwide. The nature of the character differences between the Ozark populations and populations of C . pumila are substantial, and they are similar to differences seen between closely related species of Quercus , that nonetheless may hybridize locally. In many characteristics, C . ozarkensis differs from C . pumila in the direction of C . dentata (e.g., tree habit, glabrous twigs, leaf shape and size), including its resprouting pattern following chestnut blight (F. L. Paillet 1993). Given the ability of the chestnut to hybridize, and its intermediacy toward C . dentata , the origin of the Ozark chinquapin as a mere geographic race of C . pumila is questionable, and for the present, C . ozarkensis is best treated as a separate species.

Populations from northern Alabama are apparently no longer extant, probably eliminated by the chestnut blight (G. P. Johnson 1988).

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Description

provided by eFloras
Trees, occasionally shrubs , previously often massive, to 20 m, now rarely more than 10 m, mostly resprouting following blight. Bark brownish, deeply or moderately fissured. Twigs glabrous when young. Leaves: petiole usually (8-)10-15 mm. Leaf blade narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, (40-)120-200(-260) × 30-100 mm, base rounded to slightly cordate or slightly cuneate, margins sharply serrate, each lateral vein terminating in cuneate, gradually acuminate tooth with awn usually more than 2 mm, apex acute or acuminate; surfaces abaxially densely to sparsely covered with appressed, whitish, minute, stellate trichomes, sometimes essentially glabrate, especially on shade leaves, veins glabrous or with a few simple trichomes. Pistillate flower 1 per cupule. Fruits: cupule 2-valved, enclosing 1 flower/fruit, valves irregularly dehiscing along 2 sutures, longest spines usually more than 10 mm; nut 1 per cupule, oval-conic, 9-19 × 8-14 mm, round in cross section, not flattened, beak less than 3mm excluding styles.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Ala., Ark., La., Mo., Okla., Tex.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting

provided by eFloras
Flowering June.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Deciduous forest; 150-600m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Castanea arkansana Ashe; C. pumila Miller var. ozarkensis (Ashe) G. E. Tucker
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Castanea ozarkensis

provided by wikipedia EN

Castanea ozarkensis, also known as the Ozark chinkapin (also spelled chinquapin), is a species of tree that is native to the United States.[3] It is in the Castanea genus that includes chestnuts and types of chestnut known as chinkapins.

Taxonomy

Castanea ozarkensis was described by William Willard Ashe and published in the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 50 (11): 360-361. 1923.[4]

Some authorities consider it a variant of the Allegheny chinkapin (C. pumila) as C. pumila ozarkensis.

Distribution

It grows in the Ozark Mountains and Ouachita Mountains of Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana and Oklahoma.[3] It is possibly extirpated from Alabama.

Ecology

The nuts it produces provided food for indigenous people, early settlers, and various animals including eastern gray squirrel, chipmunk, white-tailed deer, turkey, and bobwhite quail.[3]

Conservation

Castanea ozarkensis is susceptible to chestnut blight and has been devastated by the disease, and largely now grows only as a small tree or shrub.[3] However, several mature individuals have survived the blight, with over 45 such individuals located so far since the 2000s. The discovery of these specimens has spurred an ongoing project to restore the species by using the offspring of these trees, headed by the Ozark Chinkapin Foundation.[5] An analysis has also found that Ozark chinkapin populations contain far more genetic diversity than those of the American chestnut, which was also devastated by the chestnut blight. The study also found that the Ozark chinkapin may actually be ancestral to the American chestnut and Allegheny chinkapin, rather than the other way around.[6][5] Another study has found that the surviving Ozark chinkapins are even more resistant to the chestnut blight than the Chinese chestnut, which is not affected by the blight.[5]

A large individual, designated a Champion Tree, grows in Barry County, Missouri.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Carrero, C.; Lobdell, M. (2021). "Castanea ozarkensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T159384517A183955054. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T159384517A183955054.en. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  2. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d "Castanea ozarkensis – Plant Finder". Missouri Botanical Garden.
  4. ^ "Castanea ozarkensis". Tropicos.org. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
  5. ^ a b c "A legendary Ozark chestnut tree, thought extinct, is rediscovered". Environment. 2019-06-24. Retrieved 2019-07-27.
  6. ^ Huang, Hongwen; Hawkins, Leigh K.; Dane, Fenny (1999-11-01). "Genetic Variation and Population Structure of Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 124 (6): 666–670. doi:10.21273/JASHS.124.6.666. ISSN 2327-9788.
  7. ^ "Ozark Chinkapin (Castanea ozarkensis)". American Forests. 15 September 2016.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Castanea ozarkensis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Castanea ozarkensis, also known as the Ozark chinkapin (also spelled chinquapin), is a species of tree that is native to the United States. It is in the Castanea genus that includes chestnuts and types of chestnut known as chinkapins.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Castanea ozarkensis ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Castanea ozarkensis, el castaño de Ozark, es un árbol del género Castanea en la familia Fagaceae.

Descripción

Árboles o arbustos, a menudo masivos, de hasta 20 m de altura, aunque hoy día rara vez pasa de los 10 m. La corteza es parduzca, profundamente o moderadamente fisurada. Tiene las ramitas jóvenes glabras. Las hojas tienen un pecíolo de generalmente 8-15 mm y el limbo estrechamente obovado u oblanceolado de 4-26 por 3-10 cm con la base redondeada o ligeramente cordada o cuneiforme, los márgenes marcadamente aserrado, con los dientes normalmente de más de 2 mm y ápice agudo o acuminado. El envés es más o menos densamente cubierto de tricomas estrellados, adpresos, blanquecinos y diminutos. Hay una flor femenina por inflorescencia que da un fruto en nuez con calibio bivalva dehiscente por 2 suturas, con espinas generalmente de más de 1 cm, un aquenio por cúpula, oval-cónico de 9-19 por 8-14 mm, de sección redonda, no aplanada, con pico de menos de 3 mm excluyendo los estilos.[1]

Hábitat y distribución

Es una especie nativa de los bosques de caducifolios de las montañas Ozark al oeste del río Misisipi en América del Norte, florece en junio en altitudes comprendidas entre 15 y 600m y se extiende por los Estados de Alabama, Arkansas, Luisiana, Misuri, Oklahoma y Texas.[1]

Taxonomía

Castanea ozarkensis fue descrita por William Willard Ashe y publicado en Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 50(11): 360–361. 1923.[2]

Etimología

Castanea: nombre genérico que deriva del Griego χάστανον y luego el Latín castănĕa, -ae, nombre del castaño y de la castaña (Virgilio, Bucolicas,1, 82), esta última también llamada castanea nux (Virgilio, Bucolicas, 2, 52), la nuez del castaño.[3]​ También podría derivar de Castanaea, -ae o Castana, -ae, ciudad de Asia Menor o, según otros, del nombre armenio de este árbol.[4]

ozarkensis: epíteto geográfico que alude a su localización en Ozark (Arkansas).

Sinonimia
  • Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis (Ashe) G.E.Tucker, Proc. Arkansas Acad. Sci. 29: 68 (1975).
  • Castanea pumila subsp. ozarkensis (Ashe) A.E.Murray, Kalmia 13: 4 (1983).
  • Castanea arkansana Ashe, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 361 (1923).
  • Castanea alabamensis Ashe, Quart. Charleston Mus. 1(2): 30 (1925).[5][6]

Véase también

  • Magosto, fiesta de las castañas asadas.

Referencias

Bibliografía

  1. Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee, e. 1997. Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. 3: i–xxiii, 1–590. In Fl. N. Amer.. Oxford University Press, New York.
  3. Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
  4. Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Castanea ozarkensis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Castanea ozarkensis, el castaño de Ozark, es un árbol del género Castanea en la familia Fagaceae.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Castanea ozarkensis ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Castanea ozarkensis, également connu sous le nom de Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis, est une espèce d'arbrez qui, à cause de Cryphonectria parasitica, ne pousse que comme un petit arbre ou un grand arbuste aux États-Unis[3] C'est dans le genre Castanea que se trouvent les châtaignes et les types de châtaignes connus sous le nom de 'chinkapins' en Amérique du Nord. Castanea ozarkensis pousse dans les monts Ozarks et les Montagnes Ouachita du Missouri, de l'Arkansas et de l'Oklahoma[3]. Les noix que l'arbre produit fournissaient de la nourriture aux peuples autochtones, aux premiers colons et à divers animaux, dont l'écureuil, le tamia, le cerf, la dinde et le colin[3]. Cet arbre est sensible à Cryphonectria parasitica[3].

Castanea ozarkensis a été décrit par William Willard Ashe et publié dans le Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 50 (11): 360-361. 1923[4].

Un grand arbre, désigné « arbre champion », pousse dans le comté de Barry, dans le Missouri[5].

Liste des variétés

Selon Tropicos (2 juin 2019)[4] (Attention liste brute contenant possiblement des synonymes) :

  • variété Castanea ozarkensis var. arkansana (Ashe) Ashe
  • variété Castanea ozarkensis var. ozarkensis

Notes et références

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Castanea ozarkensis: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Castanea ozarkensis, également connu sous le nom de Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis, est une espèce d'arbrez qui, à cause de Cryphonectria parasitica, ne pousse que comme un petit arbre ou un grand arbuste aux États-Unis C'est dans le genre Castanea que se trouvent les châtaignes et les types de châtaignes connus sous le nom de 'chinkapins' en Amérique du Nord. Castanea ozarkensis pousse dans les monts Ozarks et les Montagnes Ouachita du Missouri, de l'Arkansas et de l'Oklahoma. Les noix que l'arbre produit fournissaient de la nourriture aux peuples autochtones, aux premiers colons et à divers animaux, dont l'écureuil, le tamia, le cerf, la dinde et le colin. Cet arbre est sensible à Cryphonectria parasitica.

Castanea ozarkensis a été décrit par William Willard Ashe et publié dans le Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 50 (11): 360-361. 1923.

Un grand arbre, désigné « arbre champion », pousse dans le comté de Barry, dans le Missouri.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Ozarkenzeški kesten ( Croatian )

provided by wikipedia hr Croatian

Ozarkenzeški kesten (lat. Castanea ozarkensis) jedna je od 9 vrsta u rodu Castanea koji je predstavnik porodice bukovki (Fagaceae). To je manje drvo ili veći grm koji raste u planinama Ozarka i Ouachite u Arkansasu, Missouriju i Oklahomi, a po planinama Ozark vrsta je i dobila ime.

Vrsta je ugrožena od patogene gljive Cryphonectria parasitica[1], jedne vrste iz koljena Ascomycota, koja uništava i američki kesten (C. dentata)


Povezani članci

Logotip Wikivrsta
Wikivrste imaju podatke o: Castanea ozarkensis

Izvori

  1. Missouri Botanical Garden pristupljeno 18. veljače 2019
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori i urednici Wikipedije
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia hr Croatian

Ozarkenzeški kesten: Brief Summary ( Croatian )

provided by wikipedia hr Croatian

Ozarkenzeški kesten (lat. Castanea ozarkensis) jedna je od 9 vrsta u rodu Castanea koji je predstavnik porodice bukovki (Fagaceae). To je manje drvo ili veći grm koji raste u planinama Ozarka i Ouachite u Arkansasu, Missouriju i Oklahomi, a po planinama Ozark vrsta je i dobila ime.

Vrsta je ugrožena od patogene gljive Cryphonectria parasitica, jedne vrste iz koljena Ascomycota, koja uništava i američki kesten (C. dentata)


license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori i urednici Wikipedije
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia hr Croatian

Castanea ozarkensis ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Castanea ozarkensis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Fagaceae. Loài này được Ashe mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1923.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Castanea ozarkensis. Truy cập ngày 3 tháng 6 năm 2013.


Bài viết Họ Cử này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Castanea ozarkensis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Castanea ozarkensis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Fagaceae. Loài này được Ashe mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1923.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Каштан озаркский ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Растения
Подцарство: Зелёные растения
Отдел: Цветковые
Надпорядок: Rosanae
Порядок: Букоцветные
Семейство: Буковые
Подсемейство: Castaneoideae
Род: Каштан
Вид: Каштан озаркский
Международное научное название

Castanea ozarkensis Ashe (1923)

Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
Commons-logo.svg
Изображения
на Викискладе
ITIS 19456NCBI 265500EOL 1148510GRIN t:400899IPNI 274190-2TPL kew-35021

Каштан озаркский (лат. Castanea ozarkensis) — дерево, вид рода Каштан (Castanea) семейства Буковые (Fagaceae). Растёт на плато Озарк[2].

Описание

Деревья, иногда кустарники, раньше часто массивные, до 20 м высотой, сейчас, после перенесенного крифонекроза редко превышают 10 м, кора светло-серая с глубокими или умеренными трещинами[2][3][4]

Листья узкие, удлинено-эллиптические, или обратнояйцевидные, или обратноланцетные, (4)12—20(26) см длиной и 3—10 см шириной, заострённые, по краю пильчатые, с остриями[2][3]. Основание округлое и слегка сердцевидное или слегка клиновидное, верхушка острая или заострённая. Нижняя сторона листа бледно-зелёного цвета, густо или скудно покрыта белыми волосками, иногда волосков нет совсем; верхняя сторона зелёная, голая. Черешок обычно имеет длину (8)10—15 мм.[3][4].

Пестичный цветок одиночный[3]. Тычиночные колоски длиной 5—20 см, появляются в конце мая—июне[5].

Плюска растрескивающаяся двумя створками, с многочисленными колючками, с одним плодом внутри, имеющим размеры 9-19 × 8-14 мм[3]. Плоды съедобны[4].

Распространение и экология

Растёт в лиственных лесах, по холмистым возвышенным местам Озаркских гор и гор Уошито, на высоте 150—600 м[3][4][2]. Ареал этого вида охватывает штаты: Алабама, Арканзас, Луизиана, Миссури, Оклахома и Техас. Популяция из северной Алабамы, возможно, полностью уничтожена крифонекрозом[3].

Синонимика

По информации базы данных The Plant List, в синонимику вида входят следующие названия[6]:

  • Castanea alabamensis Ashe
  • Castanea arkansana Ashe
  • Castanea ozarkensis var. arkansana (Ashe) Ashe
  • Castanea pumila subsp. ozarkensis (Ashe) A.E.Murray
  • Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis (Ashe) G.E.Tucker)

Примечания

  1. Об условности указания класса двудольных в качестве вышестоящего таксона для описываемой в данной статье группы растений см. раздел «Системы APG» статьи «Двудольные».
  2. 1 2 3 4 Денисова, 1983.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 efloras.
  4. 1 2 3 4 University of Oklahoma.
  5. Ботанический сад Миссури—Каштан озарский
  6. см. карточку таксона на TPL
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии

Каштан озаркский: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Каштан озаркский (лат. Castanea ozarkensis) — дерево, вид рода Каштан (Castanea) семейства Буковые (Fagaceae). Растёт на плато Озарк.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии