Bufo torrenticola és una espècie d'amfibi que viu al Japó.
Es troba amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.
Bufo torrenticola és una espècie d'amfibi que viu al Japó.
Es troba amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.
Bufo torrenticola ist eine Art aus der Gattung der Echten Kröten (Bufo) und ist in Teilen Japans verbreitet.
Die Weibchen sind etwas größer als die Männchen mit einer durchschnittlichen Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von 121 mm (88–168 mm) gegenüber 95 mm (70–121 mm).[1] Dorsal haben die männlichen Kröten eine orangebraune bis rötliche Farbe, wohingegen Weibchen eher eine graue Farbe haben.[2]
Die Fortpflanzungszeit dauert von Anfang bis Mitte April.[3] Die Kaulquappen sind an fließendes Wasser angepasst. Ihre Metamorphose ereignet sich zwischen Juli und September.[4]
Die Krötenart ist in den japanischen Bergen der Regionen Kinki und Chūbu in Zentral-Honshū verbreitet. Sie kommt auf Höhen zwischen 50 und 1690 m vor.[5] Die Art wird von der IUCN als nicht gefährdet eingestuft.[3]
Die Art wurde 1976 von dem japanischen Amphibienkundler Matsui Masafumi erstbeschrieben.[2]
Zwei weitere in Japan verbreitete Kröten derselben Gattung sind die Japanische Erdkröte (Bufo japonicus) und Bufo gargarizans.[6] Die Japanische Erdkröte ist auf allen vier Hauptinseln verbreitet. Zwischen der Unterart Bufo japonicus formosus und Bufo torrenticola wurde Introgression festgestellt.[7] Bufo gargarizans kommt innerhalb Japans nur auf Miyako-jima und angrenzenden Ryūkyū-Inseln vor und ist im Wesentlichen im Osten Chinas bis Russland und Korea verbreitet.[8]
Bufo torrenticola ist eine Art aus der Gattung der Echten Kröten (Bufo) und ist in Teilen Japans verbreitet.
The Japanese stream toad (Bufo torrenticola), also known as the Honshū toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It was first described by Masafumi Matsui in 1976 during research with Kyoto University as a "moderate to large-sized toad" with a "peculiar color pattern" and "stream-dwelling habits."[2]
It is endemic to Japan. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers, mainly in the mountainous regions of Japan. It is threatened by habitat loss.[3]
Studies in rivers throughout the Toyama Bay region of Honshu, the main island of Japan, showed interbreeding between Bufo torrenticola and Bufo japonicus formosus which is another species of toad endemic to Japan.[4] Hybrids of these species tend to resemble Bufo torrenticola more closely in terms of morphology, making mitochondrial DNA analysis the only way to identify between purebreds of either species and hybrids.
It is believed that Bufo torrenticola is the only species of toad in Japan that spawns in streams rather than lentic habitats.[5] In these stream habitats, pools were the preferred site for spawning when compared with riffles and puddles.[5] In this same study, which was conducted over two years, it was noted that the same specific pools were used for spawning both years, suggesting site recognition by chemical or physical cues or possibly more complex requirements for viable breeding sites that need further study.
One theory presented as to how Bufo torrenticola and Bufo japonicus formosus were able to hybridize despite having different breeding sites was that flooding in the region had caused an overlap in lentic puddles and stream pools.[4] Spawning at the same time and at the same sites allows for easy hybridization between the species;[4] whether coincidental or consequential, both species have been demoted to species of least concern by the IUCN.[3]
As a result of being the only stream spawning member of the family Bufonidae in Japan, it has morphological characteristics that distinguish it from other species, particularly Bufo japonicus formosus, which is closely related.[6] The main adaptive characteristics noted have been long toe phalanges, more streamlined skulls, and large foot webs that make Bufo torrenticola better suited to life in torrential waters.[6] Early descriptions of Bufo torrenticola by Masafumi Matsui note that it lacks cranial crests, has limbs generally longer than Bufo bufo, and has a reduced tympanum.[2]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) The Japanese stream toad (Bufo torrenticola), also known as the Honshū toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It was first described by Masafumi Matsui in 1976 during research with Kyoto University as a "moderate to large-sized toad" with a "peculiar color pattern" and "stream-dwelling habits."
It is endemic to Japan. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers, mainly in the mountainous regions of Japan. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Bufo torrenticola[1][2][3] es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Bufonidae.
Esta especie es endémica de Honshū en Japón. Habita en Chūbu y Kansai.[4]
Los machos miden de 70 a 121 mm y las hembras de 88 a 168 mm.
Bufo torrenticola Bufo generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Bufonidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.
Bufo torrenticola est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae[1].
Cette espèce est endémique de Honshū au Japon[1]. Elle se rencontre au Chūbu et au Kansai.
Les mâles mesurent de 70 à 121 mm et les femelles de 88 à 168 mm[2].
Bufo torrenticola est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae.
Bufo torrenticola (tên tiếng Anh là Japanese Stream Toad) là một loài cóc thuộc họ Bufonidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Nhật Bản. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ôn đới và sông ngòi. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất nơi sống.
Phương tiện liên quan tới Bufo torrenticola tại Wikimedia Commons
Bufo torrenticola (tên tiếng Anh là Japanese Stream Toad) là một loài cóc thuộc họ Bufonidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Nhật Bản. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ôn đới và sông ngòi. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất nơi sống.
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 両生綱 Amphibia 目 : 無尾目 Anura 亜目 : ナミガエル亜目 Neobatrachia 科 : ヒキガエル科 Bufonidae 属 : ヒキガエル属 Bufo 種 : ナガレヒキガエルナガレヒキガエル（Bufo torrenticola）は、両生綱無尾目ヒキガエル科ヒキガエル属に分類されるカエル。
日本[1]（北陸地方から紀伊半島にかけて）[2][3]固有種
体長オス7-12.1センチメートル、メス8.8-16.8センチメートル[2]。皮膚には疣状の突起がある[1]。体色は緑褐色や黒褐色で、赤や橙の斑紋が入る個体もいる[1]。
鼓膜は小型で、不明瞭[3]。四肢は長い[1][2][3]。趾の間にはやや水かきが発達する[3]。
幼生は口器が大型で吸盤状になり、流水でも流されないよう適応している[1][2][3]。オスは繁殖期になると疣状の突起が消失する[1]。
ヘモグロビンの電気泳動法による解析では、解析結果がニホンヒキガエルとは類似するもののヨーロッパヒキガエルとは系統が異なる（近縁ではない）と推定されている[4]
山地にある渓流の周辺に生息する[1][2]。樹上に登ることもある[1][2]。
繁殖形態は卵生。4-5月に渓流の水底に、ひも状の卵塊に包まれた約2,500個の卵を産む[2]。
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