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Description

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Pristimantis esmeraldas is a recently described species from Ecuador. Two main characters set it apart from its congeners: (1) the presence of a brown dorsum with a dark brown W-shaped scapular mark and, (2) expanded and spadate disc covers on some fingers (usually III and IV) and most toes (usually III-V). Other characters are that the skin is finely shagreen, flanks shagreen with larger tubercles with a finely areolate venter; tympanic annulus present but tympanic membrane not evident; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral view; upper eyelid narrower than interorbital space with low tubercles; cranial crests absent. Head is longer than it is wide. Snout is long with a snout-to-eye distance 20% SVL. Flanks are brown with whitish gray flecks denoting tip of tubercles, venter brown with numerous cream flecks, and a groin that is brown with one white spot.

Reference

Guayasamin, J. M. (2004). ''A new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the northwestern lowlands of Ecuador.'' Herpetologica, 60(1), 103-116.

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Distribution and Habitat

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Only known from the vicinity of Estero Vicente, a tributary of the Río San Miguel in the Comunidad San Miguel, Parroquia Telembí, Cantón Eloy Alfaro, Provincia de Esmeraldas in Ecuador. This species is found in evergreen lowland forest (Bosque Siempreverde de Tierras Bajas).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Two of the six females studied by Guayasamin (2004) had mature eggs wich unpigmented membranes. One female had 10 eggs and the other 7.
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Pristimantis esmeraldas

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Pristimantis esmeraldas is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in north-eastern Ecuador in Esmeraldas and Manabí Provinces and in Valle del Cauca Department in Colombia.[2][3][4]

Description

Males measure 15–17 mm (0.59–0.67 in) and females 21–22 mm (0.83–0.87 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsal skin is slightly granular. Flanks are slightly granulated with some tubercles in most males and females. Venter is finely warted. There are no gular or dorsolateral folds.[4]

Fecundity is low, 6–10 eggs based on two females.[4]

Habitat and conservation

The species' natural habitat is evergreen lowland tropical forest.[1] The Colombian record is based on two females collected from a forest, perching in vegetation some 1.7 m above ground.[5]

Pristimantis esmeraldas is likely impacted by habitat loss caused by smallholder farming and subsistence wood extraction.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Pristimantis esmeraldas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T56589A85864265. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T56589A85864265.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Pristimantis esmeraldas (Guayasamin, 2004)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ^ Acosta-Galvis, A.R. (2015). "Pristimantis esmeraldas (Guayasamin, 2004)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.05.2015.0. www.batrachia.com. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  4. ^ a b c Frenkel, C.; Varela-Jaramillo, A. & Guayasamín, J. M. (2012–2015). "Hyloxalus mystax". Ron, S. R., Guayasamin, J. M., Yanez-Muñoz, M. H., Merino-Viteri, A., Ortiz, D. A. and Nicolalde, D. A. 2014. AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2014.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  5. ^ Ospina-Sarria, J. J.; D. A. Velásquez-Trujillo & W. Bolívar-García (2015). "First records of the two poorly known Terrarana frogs Pristimantis esmeraldas (Guayasamin, 2004) and Strabomantis necerus (Lynch, 1975) (Amphibia: Anura: Craugastoridae) for Colombia". Herpetology Notes. 8: 27–30.
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Pristimantis esmeraldas: Brief Summary

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Pristimantis esmeraldas is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in north-eastern Ecuador in Esmeraldas and Manabí Provinces and in Valle del Cauca Department in Colombia.

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