Die Tasmanische Scheinulme (Eucryphia lucida) ist eine in Tasmanien heimische Baumart aus der Gattung der Scheinulmen (Eucryphia) in der Familie Cunoniaceae. In Australien heißt der Baum Leatherwood.
Die Tasmanische Scheinulme ist auf ganz Tasmanien weit verbreitet, kommt aber vor allem im Westen der Insel vor, wo gemäßigter Regenwald vorherrscht. Der Baum braucht zum Gedeihen ein feucht-gemäßigtes Klima mit etwa 1500–2500 mm jährlichem Niederschlag und ist in Mitteleuropa nur eingeschränkt winterhart.
Fossile Pflanzenreste aus dem frühen Pleistozän, die am Regatta Point auf Tasmanien gefunden wurden, zeigen Ähnlichkeiten zur Tasmanischen Scheinulme.[1]
Die Tasmanische Scheinulme erreicht etwa 25 Meter Wuchshöhe. Manche Exemplare sind mit 2 bis 10 Metern Wuchshöhe aber eher große Büsche als Bäume.
Die kleinen grünen, glänzenden Blätter haben eine schmale, elliptische Form und sind etwa 2 bis 4 Zentimeter lang. Die weißen Blüten mit etwa 2,5 bis 4 Zentimeter Durchmesser bestehen aus vier Blütenblättern. Sie erscheinen im Frühjahr bis Sommer und verströmen einen intensiven Duft.
Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 30.[2]
Die Tasmanische Scheinulme (Eucryphia lucida) ist eine in Tasmanien heimische Baumart aus der Gattung der Scheinulmen (Eucryphia) in der Familie Cunoniaceae. In Australien heißt der Baum Leatherwood.
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Eucryphia lucida, the leatherwood, is a species of tree or large shrub endemic to forests of western Tasmania, Australia. An attractive plant used in both horticulture and apiculture, it was promoted by the Tasmanian Branch of the then SGAP as an alternative to the Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) for Tasmania's floral emblem. It was described as E. billiarderi at one stage, this now being a synonym.
Ranging from 2–10 m (6.6–32.8 ft) in height, it can sometimes grow to 25 m (82 ft) in favourable conditions. The small dark green glossy leaves are elliptical in shape and 2–4 cm (1–1.5 in) long. Appearing in spring and summer, the 2.5–4 cm (1–1.5 in) diameter white flowers have four petals and resemble small single roses and have a strong fragrance, especially on warmer days. The flower parts are often covered with a sticky sap. Flowering is followed by leathery capsules which mature in autumn.
The species was first described by Jacques Labillardière.[2]
It is widespread and common in moister forests in Tasmania, occurring mainly across the western parts of the state, from the northwest in such places as the Tarkine and through the South West Wilderness. It grows as an understorey plant and prefers wetter climates of 1500–2500 mm annual rainfall.
Fossil leaves from Early Pleistocene sediments at Regatta Point in Western Tasmania show similarities to Eucryphia lucida and suggest a close relationship.[3]
Leatherwood is easily propagated by seed or cutting and makes an attractive, fast-growing garden plant. It thrives in well-drained soil in a position with some shelter and extra moisture. It does require regular pruning to keep a neat shape. It is also used by Tasmanian beekeepers in the making of leatherwood honey, a noted monofloral honey that has been recognised by the international Slow Food movement in its Ark of Taste. For many years, the Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association has had to lobby the Tasmanian government to ensure continued access to this resource, and to protect it from logging.
Much of the leatherwood is difficult to access, growing deep within the forests of Tasmania's wild west coast. Beekeepers from the Tasmanian Honey Company camp in the forest during the leatherwood harvest, which occurs between January and March.
Opening ripe fruits. Overland Track, Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park, Tasmania, Australia, 17 April 2013 by Doug Beckers Eucryphia lucida, the leatherwood, is a species of tree or large shrub endemic to forests of western Tasmania, Australia. An attractive plant used in both horticulture and apiculture, it was promoted by the Tasmanian Branch of the then SGAP as an alternative to the Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) for Tasmania's floral emblem. It was described as E. billiarderi at one stage, this now being a synonym.
Eucryphia lucida là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cunoniaceae. Loài này được (Labill.) Baill. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1869.[1]
Eucryphia lucida là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cunoniaceae. Loài này được (Labill.) Baill. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1869.
光亮密藏花（学名：Eucryphia lucida），在澳大利亚俗称革木（Leatherwood），是塔斯馬尼亞州特有的乔木或亚灌木。是相当热门的园艺及蜜源植物，并被澳大利亚植物学会塔斯马尼亚分部（ANPSA）推介为塔州州花的其一候选（另一候选为蓝桉）。在早期的文獻紀錄中被紀錄為 E. billiarderi，目前为该植物之別名。
成株的高度平均有2至10米（6.6至32.8英尺），但在特殊情況下也能長到最多25米（82英尺）的高度。橢圓形深綠色葉片長約2至4厘米（0.79至1.57英寸）。 春夏季開白花，直徑2.5至4厘米（0.98至1.57英寸），四片花瓣，樣貌與單瓣玫瑰近似，花香氣濃重，尤其天暖時會更強烈。開花的部位時常會覆蓋著黏稠的樹液。花謝後結蒴果，於秋季成熟。
該物種最初由法國自然學家雅克·拉比亚迪埃記載於文獻中。 [1]
該物種廣布於塔斯馬尼亞的潮濕森林中，主要分布於島上自塔基恩（Takine）至西南原野（South West Wilderness）的西海岸地區。它作為林下植物分布，喜好年降雨量1,500至2,500毫米（59至98英寸）之多濕氣候。 在塔州西部之賽艇角（Regatta Point）的早期更新世地層挖掘出與今日光亮密藏花特徵相近之葉片化石，可以推測出該物種的近親自更新世起就已經遍布於島上。 [2]
光亮密藏花除種子外，也能透過扦插繁殖，使它成為熱門的園藝植物。在排水良好的土壤，以及有適量掩蔽、濕度高的環境，成長最為快速。植株需要定期修剪方能長得齊整。在塔斯馬尼亞的養蜂業，光亮密藏花被培養作為生產蜂蜜之用。光亮密藏花蜜乃相當有名的單花蜜，在慢食運動中也被列為美味方舟其中的一項食材。多年間，塔州的養蜂業者持續遊說政府加強保護這項貴重的經濟資源，避免該物種的棲息地遭到當地伐木業的影響。
多數光亮密藏花深藏於塔州西海岸原始林中，因此在一月至三月的花期之間，當地的養蜂業者會進入森林紮營以採集花蜜。
光亮密藏花（学名：Eucryphia lucida），在澳大利亚俗称革木（Leatherwood），是塔斯馬尼亞州特有的乔木或亚灌木。是相当热门的园艺及蜜源植物，并被澳大利亚植物学会塔斯马尼亚分部（ANPSA）推介为塔州州花的其一候选（另一候选为蓝桉）。在早期的文獻紀錄中被紀錄為 E. billiarderi，目前为该植物之別名。
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