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Comments ( англиски )

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The Sorghum arundinaceum complex has been studied in detail by Snowden (in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 55:191-260. 1955) who recognised 13 species, but it is now appreciated that these are freely interfertile with one another and with Sorghum bicolor. DeWet, Harlan & Price (in Am. J. Bot. 57: 704-707. 1970) and Doggett (Sorghum, 1970) point out that there is no cytogenetic justification for recognising more than one species, though Doggett prefers, as a matter of practical convenience, to retain a separate binomial for the crop plant.

Sorghum arundinaceum is extremely variable, a variability enhanced by human selection of grain races which introgress with the wild species. Variation is continuous and it is doubtful whether formal infraspecific categories are of much value. The species is questionably native in Asia, probably being indirectly introduced as genetic throwbacks from grain Sorghums.

Very little material from our area has been seen, but since Sorghums are so widely cultivated in Pakistan there can be no doubt that this species, as well as Sorghum x drummondii, will, with a little searching, eventually be found in greater quantity.

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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 297 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description ( англиски )

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Annual or short-lived perennial without rhizomes; culms 0.3-4 m high often robust, the nodes glabrous or pubescent. Leaf-blades variable, often large, 5-75 cm long, 5-70 mm wide. Panicle linear to broadly spreading, 10-60 cm long; primary branches compound, ultimately bearing racemes of 2-7 spikelet pairs. Sessile spikelet lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 4-9 mm long, glabrescent to white pubescent, sometimes tomentose or fulvously pubescent, awnless or more often with an awn 5-30 mm long. Pedicelled spikelet linear to lanceolate, male or barren, smaller than the sessile. 2n=20.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 297 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution ( англиски )

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Distribution: Kashmir; throughout Africa, extending eastwards to Australia; India; introduced to tropical America.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 297 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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Sorghum arundinaceum ( Vec )

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Al Sorghum arundinaceum, cognossest come sorgoross, sorgaross, sorgo rosso o sorgheto rosso al è na specie botanica erbacea che la fa parte de la fameja poaceae, e le so ẑiess le gnen doperade par far farina e par far mangime, e i penaẑ par far scoe e scoat.

Le specie de Sorghum le è coltivaẑion alimentari inportanti in Africa, America Central, e Asia Meridional e 'l sorgaross al è al quinto cereal pì coltivà a 'l mondo. Al produtor pi gross al è i Stati Unidi.

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Sorghum arundinaceum ( англиски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum, the common wild sorghum, is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae.[2] It is native to Sub‑Saharan Africa, Madagascar, many of the Indian Ocean islands, and the Indian Subcontinent, and has been introduced to northern South America, the US states of California and Florida, Puerto Rico, Taiwan, New Guinea, and a number of smaller islands worldwide.[1] It is the wild progenitor of cultivated sorghum, Sorghum bicolor, with some authorities considering it to be a mere variety or subspecies; Sorghum bicolor var. arundinaceum, or Sorghum bicolor subsp. verticilliflorum.[3][1]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  2. ^ Registry-Migration.Gbif.Org (2021). "Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. GBIF Secretariat. doi:10.15468/39omei. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  3. ^ Cunniff, Jennifer; Osborne, Colin P.; Ripley, Brad S.; Charles, Michael; Jones, Glynis (2008). "Response of wild C4 crop progenitors to subambient CO2 highlights a possible role in the origin of agriculture". Global Change Biology. 14 (3): 576–587. Bibcode:2008GCBio..14..576C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01515.x. S2CID 86252670.
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Sorghum arundinaceum: Brief Summary ( англиски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum, the common wild sorghum, is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae. It is native to Sub‑Saharan Africa, Madagascar, many of the Indian Ocean islands, and the Indian Subcontinent, and has been introduced to northern South America, the US states of California and Florida, Puerto Rico, Taiwan, New Guinea, and a number of smaller islands worldwide. It is the wild progenitor of cultivated sorghum, Sorghum bicolor, with some authorities considering it to be a mere variety or subspecies; Sorghum bicolor var. arundinaceum, or Sorghum bicolor subsp. verticilliflorum.

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Sorghum arundinaceum ( шпански; кастиљски )

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El sorgo (Sorghum arundinaceum) es una especie de planta herbácea de la familia de las gramíneas Poaceae, cuyas semillas se utilizan para hacer harina y como forraje.

 src=
Sorgo

Distribución

Es nativa de Egipto, Chad, Etiopía, Somalia, Sudán, Kenia, Tanzania, Uganda, Camerún, República Centroafricana, Guinea Ecuatorial, Gabón, Zaire, Benín, Burkina Faso, Costa de Marfil, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Malí, Mauritania, Níger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leona, Angola, Malaui, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabue, Botsuana, Namibia, Sudáfrica, Suazilandia

Descripción

Tanto puede ser anual como perenne, de macollos extravaginales. Sus culmos crecen de 3 a 40 dm de altura, con 2-15 mm de diámetro, glabros, hojas caulinares, sin aurículas, de 1-8 dm de largo x 5-80 mm de ancho, márgenes escabrosos, ápices agudos. Inflorescencia panícula con ramas en racimo

Usos

Las especies de Sorghum son cultivos alimenticios importantes en África, América Central, y Asia Meridional y es la quinta cosecha de cereal en el mundo. El productor más grande es Estados Unidos.

Taxonomía

Sorghum arundinaceum fue descrita por (Desv.) Stapf y publicado en Flora of Tropical Africa 9: 114. 1917.[1]

Etimología

Sorghum: nombre genérico que es tomado del latín moderno sorghum, que muy probablemente proviene del latín vulgar syricum; es decir, proveniente de Siria. Región donde los romanos probablemente conocieron esta gramínea. El nombre genérico Sorghum impuesto por Moench ha sido conservado oficialmente desde 1794, de manera que Sorgum L. no es válido.[2][3]

arundinaceum: epíteto que significa "como Arundinaceae"

Sinonimia
  • Andropogon arundinaceus Willd. 1806
  • Andropogon sorghum var. aethiopicus Hack.
  • Andropogon sorghum var. effusus Hack.
  • Andropogon sorghum var. virgatus Hack.
  • Andropogon sorghum subsp. vogelianus Piper
  • Andropogon stapfii Hook.f.
  • Andropogon verticilliflorus Steud.
  • Holcus exiguus Forssk.
  • Holcus sorghum var. effusus Hitchc.
  • Holcus sorghum var. verticilliflorus (Steud.) Hitchc.
  • Rhaphis arundinacea Desv. (basónimo)
  • Sorghum aethiopicum]' (Hack.) Rupr. ex Stapf
  • Sorghum bicolor subsp. arundinaceum (Desv.) de Wet & J. R. Harlan ex Davidse
  • Sorghum bicolor subsp. verticilliflorum (Steud.) de Wet ex Wiersema & J. Dahlb.
  • Sorghum bicolor var. virgatum (Hack.) de Wet & Huckabay
  • Sorghum brevicarinatum Snowden
  • Sorghum lanceolatum Stapf
  • Sorghum macrochaeta Snowden
  • Sorghum pugionifolium Snowden
  • Sorghum stapfii (Hook. f.) C. E. C. Fisch.
  • Sorghum usambarense Snowden
  • Sorghum verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf
  • Sorghum virgatum (Hack.) Stapf
  • Sorghum vogelianum (Piper) Stapf

Nombres comunes

  • Falso johnson (Venezuela), pasto silvestre, sorgo silvestre.

Referencias

  1. «Sorghum arundinaceum». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 16 de febrero de 2013.
  2. Moench. S.saccharatum (L.) Pers.
  3. «Sorgo». Diccionario Etimológico. Consultado el 8 de junio de 2013.

Bibliografía

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Sorghum arundinaceum: Brief Summary ( шпански; кастиљски )

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El sorgo (Sorghum arundinaceum) es una especie de planta herbácea de la familia de las gramíneas Poaceae, cuyas semillas se utilizan para hacer harina y como forraje.

 src= Sorgo
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Sorghum arundinaceum ( француски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum (millet sauvage, maïs cafre) est une espèce de plantes herbacées annuelles de la famille des Poaceae (Graminées), originaire d'Afrique.

Description

Taxonomie

Synonymes

Selon Catalogue of Life[1] :

  • Andropogon arundinaceus Willd.
  • Andropogon arundinaceus var. effusus
  • Andropogon halepensis var. astoloniferus
  • Andropogon halepensis var. congoensis
  • Andropogon halepensis var. kinshasanensis
  • Andropogon sorghum subsp. abyssinicus
  • Andropogon sorghum var. aethiopicus
  • Andropogon sorghum subsp. effusus
  • Andropogon sorghum var. effusus
  • Andropogon sorghum subsp. verticilliflorus
  • Andropogon sorghum subsp. vogelianus
  • Andropogon stapfii Hook.f.
  • Andropogon verticilliflorus Steud.
  • Holcus sorghum subsp. verticilliflorus
  • Rhaphis arundinacea Desv.
  • Sorghum abyssinicum (Piper) Stapf
  • Sorghum aethiopicum (Hack.) Rupr. ex Stapf
  • Sorghum aethiopicum var. brevifolium
  • Sorghum bicolor var. aethiopicum
  • Sorghum bicolor var. arundinaceum
  • Sorghum bicolor subsp. arundinaceum
  • Sorghum bicolor var. verticilliflorum
  • Sorghum bicolor subsp. verticilliflorum
  • Sorghum brevicarinatum Snowden
  • Sorghum brevicarinatum var. swahilorum
  • Sorghum castaneum C.E.Hubb. & Snowden
  • Sorghum halepense var. effusum
  • Sorghum lanceolatum Stapf
  • Sorghum macrochaetum Snowden
  • Sorghum panicoides Stapf
  • Sorghum pugionifolium Snowden
  • Sorghum somaliense Snowden
  • Sorghum stapfii (Hook.f.) C.E.C.Fisch.
  • Sorghum usambarense Snowden
  • Sorghum verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf
  • Sorghum verticilliflorum var. infrequens
  • Sorghum verticilliflorum var. ornatum
  • Sorghum vogelianum (Piper) Stapf

Liste des variétés

Selon Tropicos (11 sept. 2013)[2] :

  • variété Sorghum verticilliflorum var. infrequens Snowden
  • variété Sorghum verticilliflorum var. ornatum Snowden
  • variété Sorghum verticilliflorum var. verticilliflorum

Distribution

L'aire de répartition d'origine de Sorghum arundinaceum comprend la quasi-totalité de l'Afrique subsaharienne ainsi que l'Égypte en Afrique du Nord. L'espèce s'est naturalisée dans de nombreuses régions tropicales, en Inde, en Australie, et dans les Amériques[3].

Cette plante est une adventice commune dans les plantations de canne à sucre de l'île de La Réunion[4].

Notes et références

Voir aussi

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Sorghum arundinaceum: Brief Summary ( француски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum (millet sauvage, maïs cafre) est une espèce de plantes herbacées annuelles de la famille des Poaceae (Graminées), originaire d'Afrique.

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Sorghum arundinaceum ( виетнамски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Desv.) Stapf miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1917.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Sorghum arundinaceum. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết chủ đề tông thực vật Andropogoneae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Sorghum arundinaceum: Brief Summary ( виетнамски )

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Sorghum arundinaceum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Desv.) Stapf miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1917.

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