The Drooping Sheoak (Allocasuarina verticillata) is a major element of the tree canopy of Kangaroo Island. The island, lying within the Indian Ocean off of Australia's southern coast, is classified as part of the Mount Lofty woodlands ecoregion, and is part of Australia's mediterranean climate zone. Other prominent trees on the island include Sugar Gum (Eucalyptus cladocalyx), which is native to Australia, and other mixed eucalypt species.
Some major endemic vascular plants of Kangaroo Island are:Gland Flower (Adenanthos terminalis), Kangaroo Island Mallee Ash (Eucalyptus remota), Woolly Bush (Adenanthos sericeus), Kangaroo Island Conesticks (Petrophile multisecta), Kangaroo Island Spider Orchid (Caladenia ovata), and the near-endemic Gland Flower (Adenanthos terminalis).
The Beyeria Conservation Park on Kangaroo Island features an assembly of rare plants that thrive on the laterite soils in this location. Important endemics here include the Kangaroo Island Turpentine Bush (Beyeria subtecta), Rough Spider Flower (Grevillea muricata), Small-flowered Daisy-bush (Olearia microdisca), and the near-endemic Kangaroo Island Turpentine Bush (Beyeria subtecta).
Allocasuarina verticillata és una espècie de planta fixadora de nitrogen nativa de sud-est d'Austràlia.[2] La seva distribució es dóna des del centre de Nova Gal·les del Sud cap al sud a Victòria i Austràlia del Sud, així com a Tasmània. És un arbre que es troba a derivats sorrencs o granit, a sòls sorrencs costaners, alguns procedents de calices i argiles, als promontoris costaners i a planeres d'afloraments rocosos. Creix com un arbre petit amb un hàbit arrodonit, arribant a mesurar entre 4 i 10 m d'alçada.
A l'Illa Kangaroo és l'aliment preferit de la Cacatua de Latham, que sosté els cons amb la pota i els destrossa amb el seu bec potent abans de treure'n les llavors amb la seva llengua.[3]
Va ser originalment recol·lectada a Tasmània i descrita com a Casuarina verticillata pel naturalista francès Jean-Baptiste Lamarck el 1786. Posteriorment, el 1982, va ser moguda cap al seu actual gènere (Allocasuarina) pel botànic australià Lawrie Johnson.[4]
Allocasuarina verticillata és una espècie de planta fixadora de nitrogen nativa de sud-est d'Austràlia. La seva distribució es dóna des del centre de Nova Gal·les del Sud cap al sud a Victòria i Austràlia del Sud, així com a Tasmània. És un arbre que es troba a derivats sorrencs o granit, a sòls sorrencs costaners, alguns procedents de calices i argiles, als promontoris costaners i a planeres d'afloraments rocosos. Creix com un arbre petit amb un hàbit arrodonit, arribant a mesurar entre 4 i 10 m d'alçada.
A l'Illa Kangaroo és l'aliment preferit de la Cacatua de Latham, que sosté els cons amb la pota i els destrossa amb el seu bec potent abans de treure'n les llavors amb la seva llengua.
Va ser originalment recol·lectada a Tasmània i descrita com a Casuarina verticillata pel naturalista francès Jean-Baptiste Lamarck el 1786. Posteriorment, el 1982, va ser moguda cap al seu actual gènere (Allocasuarina) pel botànic australià Lawrie Johnson.
Allocasuarina verticillata, commonly known as drooping she-oak or drooping sheoak, is a nitrogen fixing native tree of southeastern Australia.[3][4]
Originally collected in Tasmania and described as Casuarina verticillata by French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1786, it was moved to its current genus in 1982 by Australian botanist Lawrie Johnson.[5]
The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records common names of the plant included "Shingle Oak," "Coast She-oak," " River Oak," " Salt-water Swamp Oak" and was called "Worgnal" by the Indigenous people of the Richmond and Clarence River areas of New South Wales. It also records that, "In cases of severe thirst, great relief may be obtained from chewing the foliage of this and other species, which, being of an acid nature, produces a flow of saliva—a fact well-known to bushmen who have traversed waterless portions of the country. This acid is closely allied to citric acid, and may prove identical with it. Children chew the young cones, which they call 'oak apples'."[6]
It grows as a small tree with a rounded habit, reaching 4–10 metres (12–35 ft) in height.
The species occurs in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria.[5]
On Kangaroo Island, it is the preferred food item of the Glossy Black Cockatoo, which holds the cones in its foot and shreds them with its powerful bill before removing the seeds with its tongue.[7]
Allocasuarina verticillata is a dioecious tree from 4 to 10 m tall with woody penultimate branchlets. The bark is fissured and the branchlets droop. The branchlets are up to 40 cm long, with internodes being from 10 to 40 mm long and 0.7–1.5 mm in diameter, broader at the end near teeth, and generally densely pubescent in the furrows, with ribs slightly rounded and a minutely roughened keel. Leaves are reduced to small teeth at the end of nodes. The teeth (8–)9–13, are spreading, not overlapping and about 1 mm long. Male spikes are from 3–12 cm long, with 2–4 whorls per cm and anthers 1–2.5 mm long. Female inflorescence are often located on older branches (towards the inner of the tree). Each female flower consist of one ovary (with two fused carpels, although only one fully develops) and two styles after fertilisation. The styles are red in colour, giving the overall inflorescence a red colour. The whole structure then becomes woody, developing into a cone. The cones are cylindrical to barrel-shaped, longer than broad, sessile or on peduncle to 10 mm long with the body of the cone being 20–50 mm long and 17–30 mm in diameter. The valves are in several rows, sometimes extending well beyond cone body, broadly acute to acute, and often pointed. The winged seeds are from 7 to 12 mm long and very dark brown. The plant flowers all year round.[8]
The penultimate woody branchlets of Allocasuarina verticillata
The photosythetic stems (phylloclades) of Allocasuarina verticilllata
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Emerging internodes, broader at the end near teeth
_Female_Flowers_-_Steiglitz,_Victoria_Australia_(4804370714).jpg)
The female inflorescence, consisting of multiple red styles
The female inflorescence and early stages of cone development on inner branches
The cones of various shapes and sizes that form the leaf litter
Pedunculagin, casuarictin, strictinin, casuarinin and casuariin are ellagitannins have been found in this species.[9]
Allocasuarina verticillata, commonly known as drooping she-oak or drooping sheoak, is a nitrogen fixing native tree of southeastern Australia.
Originally collected in Tasmania and described as Casuarina verticillata by French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1786, it was moved to its current genus in 1982 by Australian botanist Lawrie Johnson.
The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records common names of the plant included "Shingle Oak," "Coast She-oak," " River Oak," " Salt-water Swamp Oak" and was called "Worgnal" by the Indigenous people of the Richmond and Clarence River areas of New South Wales. It also records that, "In cases of severe thirst, great relief may be obtained from chewing the foliage of this and other species, which, being of an acid nature, produces a flow of saliva—a fact well-known to bushmen who have traversed waterless portions of the country. This acid is closely allied to citric acid, and may prove identical with it. Children chew the young cones, which they call 'oak apples'."
It grows as a small tree with a rounded habit, reaching 4–10 metres (12–35 ft) in height.
The species occurs in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria.
On Kangaroo Island, it is the preferred food item of the Glossy Black Cockatoo, which holds the cones in its foot and shreds them with its powerful bill before removing the seeds with its tongue.
Allocasuarina verticillata là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Casuarinaceae. Loài này được (Lam.) L.A.S.Johnson mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1982.[2]
Allocasuarina verticillata là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Casuarinaceae. Loài này được (Lam.) L.A.S.Johnson mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1982.
