nimet breadcrumb-navigoinnissa
Predators of Rhinolophus capensis have not been documented. Because they are nocturnal and fly, their most likely predators will be nocturnal raptors, such as owls. Cave dwelling carnivores could also prey on R. capensis when roosting.
Cape horseshoe bats are small to medium size bats. Their head and body are typically 23 to 24 mm; their tail is 9 to 13 mm in length, and their forearms are 48 to 52 mm. They have a wingspan of 47 to 52 cm. There is no recorded weight for R. capensis but most other species of Rhinolophus weigh 16.5 to 28 g.
Their coloration is a dark brown with the bases of their hair typically being slightly lighter in color. Their undersides have a light gray appearance and their wings are a dark brown color.
Cape horseshoe bats, like other horseshoe bat species, have unique nose leaf structures used in echolocation. Their common name is derived from these horseshoe shaped nose leaf structures. Their nose leaves help in echolocation and also shield the ears from the direct impulses coming back to them from an object in front of them. Their ears are very large and they have short legs that will not support movement on the ground.
Range mass: 16.5 to 28 g.
Range length: 32 to 37 mm.
Range wingspan: 47 to 52 cm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike
There is no good documentation on the life expectancy of R. capensis. Longevity in other Rhinolophus species is generally 4 to 7 years.
Cape horseshoe bats can be found in tropical coastal habitats of South Africa with underground caves or abandoned mines for roosting.
Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial
Aquatic Biomes: coastal
Other Habitat Features: caves
The geographic range of Cape horseshoe bats (Rinolophus capensis), includes only the very southern portions of the Ethiopian zoogeographic region. Cape horseshoe bats have a very small distribution and are an endemic species of the Cape Province of Southern Africa. They may also appear in coastal areas of Zimbabwe and Mozambique. They are uncommon on the eastern shores of South Africa.
Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )
Cape horseshoe bats are insectivores with a high percentage of their diet consisting of beetles. They hunt at night and catch insects in mid flight using their uropatagium to catch prey items. Cape horseshoe bats have short, broad wings that give them the ability to maneuver through dense foliage in flight. They use high echolocation frequencies and fly slowly over dense vegetation to pick off insect prey. Cape horseshoe bats will glean prey and may also hunt from perches.
Animal Foods: insects
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )
Cape horseshoe bats, like most insectivorous bat species, exert strong influence on insect populations. They are also prey for nocturnal raptors and some other predators.
Ecosystem Impact: keystone species
The type locality of R. capensis is the Cape of Good Hope in the Province of South Africa. It was discovered in 1823. It has one synonym: R. auritus.
Cape horseshoe bats are nocturnal and roost in dark caves. They use echolocation to navigate and locate prey. They may also use some social vocalizations, although this is not well documented. Like most mammals, they use chemical cues to communicate reproductive state and as a way of recognizing individuals, such as mothers recognizing their young.
Communication Channels: acoustic ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: scent marks ; vibrations
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; ultrasound ; echolocation ; chemical
Cape horseshoe bats are considered vulnerable by the IUCN because of their limited distribution and specialized roosting requirements.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
State of Michigan List: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Although there is no documented negative effect on humans, R. capensis living near urban areas are probably seen as nuisances if they enter human structures. Like other mammal species, Cape horseshoe bats can carry and transmit diseases that affect humans, such as rabies.
Negative Impacts: injures humans (carries human disease)
Cape horseshoe bats are efficient at reducing insect populations that may be pests to humans.
Positive Impacts: controls pest population
Rhinolophus capensis are one of the many bat species that use delayed fertilization. Sperm storage in R. capensis is in the male of the species. Typically, spermatogenesis occurs during the spring and early fall months, which in South Africa is between October and May. Sperm are released into the cauda epididymis in April and May. Sperm are then stored in the cauda epididymis during the winter months. During April and May females are in oestrus. Oestrus is the point in the menstrual cycle of female mammals when they typically would be ovulating and when males would copulate with them. In R. capensis, however, copulation and ovulation are put off until August and September (the end of winter hibernation in South Africa). Males mate with as many females as they can in their winter roosts.
Mating System: polygynous
Gestation is about 4 months long at which point a single young is born. Young R. capensis will stay with their mother for about 6 to 8 weeks. At this point they are weaned and they will be left to fend for themselves. Young often stay at the breeding site for quite a while after they are left by their mothers.
Breeding interval: Cape horseshoe bats mate once every year.
Breeding season: Mating occurs in August and September.
Range number of offspring: 1 to 1.
Range gestation period: 3 to 4 months.
Range weaning age: 6 to 8 weeks.
Range time to independence: 6 to 8 weeks.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 1 years.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 1 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; induced ovulation ; viviparous ; delayed fertilization
Cape horseshoe bat females care for their young after birth, males do not help care for young. Females nurse and protect their young until they are weaned.
Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
El ratpenat de ferradura del Cap (Rhinolophus capensis) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinolòfids. Viu a Sud-àfrica. El seu hàbitat natural són a les zones costaneres. Descansen en coves costaneres i marítimes adequades, i s'han registrat en lofts foscos i mines en desús. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que està afectada per pertorbació humana de les zones de descans.[1]
El ratpenat de ferradura del Cap (Rhinolophus capensis) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinolòfids. Viu a Sud-àfrica. El seu hàbitat natural són a les zones costaneres. Descansen en coves costaneres i marítimes adequades, i s'han registrat en lofts foscos i mines en desús. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que està afectada per pertorbació humana de les zones de descans.
The Cape horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus capensis) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is endemic to South Africa, and is potentially threatened by habitat loss and disturbance of its roosting sites, although it is present in large enough numbers to be considered of least concern by the IUCN.[1]
It is a member of the Rhinolophus capensis species group, together with the Bushveld, Dent's and Swinny's horseshoe bats, and is monotypic, with no subspecies.[2]
The Cape horseshoe bat is a typically sized member of its family, with a head-body length of 5.8 to 6.2 centimetres (2.3 to 2.4 in) and a tail 2.4 to 3.2 centimetres (0.94 to 1.26 in) long. They weigh between 10 and 16 grams (0.35 and 0.56 oz). The fur is dark or pale brown over most of the body, with paler, fawn-grey, underparts. The ears are large and somewhat rounded, and are capable of independent movement. The nose-leaf is horseshoe-shaped, and does not reach the upper parts of the muzzle. A rounded, sparsely-haired, process runs from the upper mid-surface of the nose-leaf to a projecting spear-shaped lancet above and between the eyes.[2]
The wings have a low wing loading and a high aspect ratio, indicating that the bat is capable of only slow flight, but is highly manoeuvrable in the air. This allows it to forage effectively among dense vegetation.[2][3]
Cape horseshoe bats are endemic to Cape Province in South Africa, where they inhabit shrubby coastal environments. They are nocturnal, spending the day roosting in large colonies in coastal caves or mine adits. They are often found together with other species of bat, including Geoffroy's horseshoe bat and Schreibers' long-fingered bat. They are ambush hunters, hiding among vegetation and preying mainly on beetles and moths. Their echolocation calls are relatively long, lasting from 28 to 42 milliseconds, with only short pauses between pulses. The peak frequency varies between different individuals, ranging from 82 to 86 kHz. This type of call enables them to quickly locate rapidly moving insects in cluttered environments with plentiful vegetation.[2]
The breeding season lasts from August to September, shortly after the bats awake from winter hibernation. However, spermatogenesis in the males occurs between October and May, with the sperm being stored in the epididymis until the start of the breeding season.[4] Gestation lasts three or four months, so that the mother gives birth to a single young in November or December, shortly before the rainy season, when insects are at their most abundant.[5] The young are weaned by the end of January, and reach sexual maturity in their second year.[4]
The Cape horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus capensis) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is endemic to South Africa, and is potentially threatened by habitat loss and disturbance of its roosting sites, although it is present in large enough numbers to be considered of least concern by the IUCN.
It is a member of the Rhinolophus capensis species group, together with the Bushveld, Dent's and Swinny's horseshoe bats, and is monotypic, with no subspecies.
Rhinolophus capensis Rhinolophus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Rhinolophidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Rhinolophus capensis Rhinolophus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Rhinolophidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Rhinolophus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinolofidi endemico del Sudafrica.[1][2]
Pipistrello di medie dimensioni, con la lunghezza totale tra 80 e 98 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 47 e 51 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 24 e 32 mm, la lunghezza della tibia tra 17 e 21 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 21 e 25 mm e un peso fino a 13 g.[3]
La pelliccia è di medie dimensioni, soffice e lanuginosa. Le parti dorsali variano dal marrone al marrone chiaro, con la base dei peli grigia o color crema, mentre le parti ventrali sono più chiare e talvolta più grigiastre. Una fase arancione è presente. Le orecchie sono relativamente corte. La foglia nasale presenta una lancetta appuntita, il processo connettivo arrotondato e più elevato della sella, la quale è priva di peli, con i bordi paralleli e la punta arrotondata. La porzione anteriore è stretta e non copre completamente il muso, ha delle fogliette laterali rudimentali e un incavo mediano ben sviluppato. Il labbro inferiore ha un solco longitudinale profondo. Le membrane alari sono marroni, la prima falange del quarto dito è relativamente lunga. La coda è lunga ed inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il primo premolare superiore è situato all'interno della linea alveolare. Il cariotipo è 2n=58 FNa=60.
Emette ultrasuoni ad alto ciclo di lavoro con impulsi a frequenza costante tra 85 e 90 kHz e di lunga durata.
Si rifugia all'interno delle grotte, utilizzando i cornicioni degli edifici come siti notturni. Forma colonie fino a 500 individui, talvolta anche fino a qualche migliaio. I sessi vivono insieme. L'attività raggiunge il picco nelle prime due ore dopo il tramonto.
Si nutre principalmente di coleotteri raccolti nella fitta vegetazione.
Si riproduce tra agosto e settembre, dopo che i maschi hanno generato lo sperma tra ottobre e maggio ed averlo trattenuto durante l'inverno australe. Le nascite avvengono tra novembre e dicembre dopo 3-4 mesi di gestazione.
Questa specie è diffusa nelle province sudafricane del Capo settentrionale, Capo occidentale e Capo orientale.
Vive nelle foreste afro-montane, nelle savane, nelle foreste costiere e nel Fynbos.
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale e la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, classifica R.capensis come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]
Rhinolophus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinolofidi endemico del Sudafrica.
Rhinolophus capensis is een zoogdier uit de familie van de hoefijzerneuzen (Rhinolophidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Lichtenstein in 1823.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Rhinolophus capensis[2][3] är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Lichtenstein 1823. Den ingår i släktet hästskonäsor och familjen Rhinolophidae.[4][5] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[4]
Som alla hästskonäsor har arten flera hudflikar kring näsan. Flikarna brukas för att rikta de överljudstoner som används för ekolokalisation. Till skillnad från andra fladdermöss som använder sig av överljudsnavigering produceras nämligen tonerna hos hästskonäsorna genom näsan, och inte som annars via munnen.[6]
Pälsen är mörkbrun till ljusbrun med krämfärgade hårrötter på ovansidan, medan undersidan är ljust brungrå[7] och vingarna mörkbruna. Vingbredden är 4,7 till 5,2 cm, underarmen 4,8 till 5,2 cm lång[8], kroppslängden mellan 8,4 och 9 cm inklusive den 2,4 till 3,2 cm långa svansen samt vikten mellan 9,5 och 16 g.[7]
Arten förekommer i södra Sydafrika.[1]
Rhinolophus capensis lever i många olika habitat, bland annat fynbos, den artrika buskvegetationen i västra Sydafrika. Individerna söker daglega i grottor och övergivna gruvor eller tunnlar.[7] Arten är sällskaplig och kan bilda kolonier med upp till flera tusen medlemmar.[1] Det är inte ovanligt att den delar lokal med andra fladdermöss som Rhinolophus clivosus och Schreibers fladdermus (Miniopterus schreibersii), även om de olika arterna bildar skilda kolonier.[7]
Som alla hästskonäsor är arten aktiv under de mörka delarna av dygnet, då de främst fångar fjärilar och skalbaggar. Bytet fångas främst med hjälp av ekolokalisation vars frekvens ligger mellan 81,9 och 85,5 kHz, men fladdermusen kan också sitta stilla i terrängen och fånga byten som råkar passera.[7]
Parningen sker under tidig vår, augusti till september, efter vinterdvalan. En enda unge föds i november till december.[7][8] Ungen dias i 6 till 8 veckor, varefter den är självständig.[8]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Rhinolophus capensis.
Wikispecies har information om Rhinolophus capensis.
Rhinolophus capensis är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Lichtenstein 1823. Den ingår i släktet hästskonäsor och familjen Rhinolophidae. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Rhinolophus capensis — вид рукокрилих родини Підковикові (Rhinolophidae).
Країни проживання: ПАР. Записаний у різних місцях існування, в тому числі прибережних районах. Населення спочиває у прибережних і морських печерах, також горищах і занедбаних шахтах. Поживою є головним чином жуки, але інші безхребетні, також приймаються. Сезон розмноження з грудня по лютий; народжується одне маля.
Цей вид знаходиться під загрозою в частинах ареалу через порушенням печерних сідал (часто через рекреаційну та туристичну діяльність). Цей вид зустрічається в деяких охоронних територіях.
Rhinolophus capensis — вид рукокрилих родини Підковикові (Rhinolophidae).
Rhinolophus capensis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi lá mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Lichtenstein mô tả năm 1823.[2]
Rhinolophus capensis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi lá mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Lichtenstein mô tả năm 1823.
케이프관박쥐(Rhinolophus capensis)는 관박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다.[2] 남아프리카공화국의 토착종이며, 서식지 감소와 보금자리 교란으로 잠재적인 위협을 받고 있지만 개체수가 충분히 많기 때문에 국제 자연 보전 연맹(IUCN)이 "관심대상종"으로 간주하고 있다.[1]
보통 크기의 박쥐로 전체 몸길이가 80~98mm, 전완장이 47~51mm, 꼬리 길이가 24~32mm이다. 정강뼈 길이는 17~21mm, 귀 길이는 21~25mm이고 몸무게는 최대 13g이다.[3] 등 쪽 털은 갈색부터 밝은 갈색까지 다양하지만 배 쪽은 좀더 밝다. 귀는 비교적 짧다. 잎코는 뾰족한 피침형이다. 핵형은 2n=58, FNa=60이다.
동굴 안 쪽에 은신한다. 최대 500마리까지 무리를 지어 생활하지만 수 천 마리까지 모일 수도 있다. 암수가 함께 생활한다. 해가 진 후 2시간 이내에 포식 활동이 절정에 달한다. 울창한 숲 속에서 주로 딱정벌레를 먹이를 먹는다. 수컷은 10월부터 5월 사이에 정자를 만들고, 남반구 겨울 동안에 이를 유지한 후 8월과 9월 사이에 번식을 한다. 3~4개월간의 임신 기간 후 11월과 12월 사이에 새끼를 낳는다.
남아프리카공화국 노던케이프주와 웨스턴케이프주, 이스턴케이프주에 널리 분포한다. 아프리카 고산지대 숲과 사바나 지역, 해안가 숲, 핀보스 지역에서 서식한다.
.jpg){kind=small}
