釘菇科

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

Ramaria flava var. flava (Schaeff.) Qul., syn.: Clavaria flava Schaeff., Ramaria flavobrunnescens var. aurea (Coker) CornerChangle, DE: Gelbe Koralle, Zitronengelbe Koralle, Schwefelgelbe Koralle, Gelber KorallenpilzSlo.: rumena grivaDat.: Sept. 13. 2017Lat.: 46.36007 Long.: 13.70385Code: Bot_1088/2017_DSC9015Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; Fagus sylvatica forest; calcareous ground; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil covered by thick layer of rotten Fagus sylvatica leaves.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; between Trenta 2b cottage and Trenta 2 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Ramaria flava var. flava seems to be a rather common Ramaria in Slovenia But experts believe that often, judged on habitus only, other yellow Ramaria species are misidentified as R. flava. According to Christan (2008), it is mycorrhizal with Fagus sylvatica in contrast to very similar Ramaria flava var. scandinavica = Ramaria obtusissima var. scandinavica Petersen, which is associated with Picea sp. Nevertheless, Index Fungorum does not recognize both names as current names. Two sporocarps found, the larger 14 x 13 cm and 12 cm tall; does not change color when handled, after longer time slowly discolors and gets darker and more ochre; smell lightly acid, on mold; taste mild but specific, lightly nitrous(?), unpleasant; SP abundant, ocher, oac847.Spores almost smooth in profile but shallowly warty. (9,9) 10,4 - 11,6 (11,9) x (3,8) 4,2 - 4,7 (5) microns; Q = (2,2) 2,3 - 2,7 (3); N = 35; Me = 10,9 x 4,4 microns; Qe = 2,5. Basidia dimensions: (38) 41,6 - 52,8 (53,3) x (8,2) 9,1 - 11,1 (12,5) microns; Q = (3,9) 4 - 5 (5,5); N = 18; Me = 46 x 10,2 microns; Qe = 4,5. Hypha with clamps but also simple septa present (this fits to the description in Ref.1). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (basidia), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 358. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 75. (3) J. Christan, Die Gattung Ramaria in Deutschland, IHW-Verlag (2008), p 196. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1033. (7) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002) (in Slovenian), p 138. (8) www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/TNH/archives/v12_no2/3-NIWAT%2... (accessed Sept.18.2017)

The Scaly or Woolly Chanterelle was formerly placed in the Gomphus genus. It is reported mainly from North America.

Ramaria cystidiophora var. citronella, reported from the Pacific Northwest of North America.

A massive, red-tripped coral mushroom of uncertain distribution. Photo from Dakota Ridge, British Columbia.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time ago abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.

Ramaria abietina (Pers.; Fr) Quel., Syn.: Ramaria chraceovirens (Jungh.) DonkGreen-staining Coral Mushroom, DE: Gelbgrne Korale, Fichten-ZiegenbartSlo.: jelkina griva / zelenea grivaDat.: Oct. 09. 2013Lat.: 46.40353 Long.: 13.70662Code: Bot_759/2013_DSC8566Habitat: overgrown alluvial deposits of an alpine river, a small patch of an open, pure Picea abies forest growing on long time abandoned alpine pasture; calcareous ground, flat terrain; deep shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 970 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: deep layer of Picea abies needles and humus under a 'roof' of low, dense Picea abies branches. Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, south of the Fjori farmhouse, left bank of dry Soa river bed (Suec), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Genus Ramaria is difficult regarding species determination. I rarely find something, which would perfectly fit to the books. However this observation seems quite reliable, because of typical habitat, substratum and habitus. In addition spores fit expectations too. Growing gregariously, most of about ten fruit bodies in a row; fruit bodies' dimensions up to 4 x 4 x 3 cm; taste slightly bitter, smell indistinctive, mushroomy; flesh quite firm and pliant; SP brown, oac869. Fruit bodies becoming slowly dirty greenish-gray when handled.Spores spiny. Dimensions: 7 [8 ; 8.4] 9.4 x 2.1 [3.7 ; 4.4] 6 microns, Q = 1.5 [2 ; 2.2] 2.7; N = 31; C = 95%, Me = 8.2 x 4 microns; Qe = 2.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), (2) E. Schild, Was ist Ramaria aurea und Ramaria flava, Z. Mycol., Vol.44, no 2. (1978), p 171.cited in Ref.:(1) (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 462. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 308. (5) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 64. (6) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 650.