Fissidens polypodioides Hedwig 1801

Fissidens polypodioides is a robust species and has its greatest distribution in the neotropics and Asia. It is perhaps the handsomest species of the genus in the flora area. However, it might be confused with F. asplenioides, from which it is distinguished by taxifolius-type costa, leaves crisped but not curled tightly inward when dry, entire leaf margin, acute and more or less equal vaginant laminae, larger laminal cells that are not lenticularly thickened, and absent differentiated medial marginal cells in the vaginant laminae. The central strand is especially well developed. H. A. Crum and L. E. Anderson (1965, 1981) published illustrations of F. polypodioides and F. asplenioides that aid greatly in distinguishing the two.

This species is characterized by the large plants ranging from 27 to 72 mm high, the mucronate to broadly acute and coarsely serrate leaf apex, the costa usually ending a few cells below the leaf apex, the smooth to slightly mammillate, well demarcated cells of the apical and dorsal laminae, ranging from 10.5 to 21.0 µm long, the well differentiated perichaetial leaves, and the longer archegonia.

Plants to 50 × 6.5 mm. Stem unbranched and sparingly branched; axillary hyaline nodules absent; central strand present. Leaves as many as 80 pairs, somewhat undulate, oblong, obtuse to broadly acute, usually bluntly mucronate, to 4 × 1 mm; dorsal lamina rounded proximally, ending at insertion; vaginant laminae ¹/2 the leaf length, acute, ± equal, minor lamina ending on or near margin; margin entire but denticulate distally, elimbate; costa percurrent to ending 2-4 cells before apex, taxifolius-type; laminal cells 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, slightly bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 10-20 µm, larger juxtacostally, smaller at margin. Sexual condition dioicous; perigonia and perichaetia on short axillary branches and main stems. Sporophytes 1-2 per perichaetium. Seta to 15 mm. Capsule theca slightly inclined, radially symmetric or slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 2.5 mm; operculum about as long as theca. Calyptra cucullate, smooth, 1.5-1.55 mm. Spores 9-11 µm.

Plants large, green, yellowish green to brownish, in lax tufts. Leafy stems 27–72 mm long, 6.0–6.8 mm wide, simple or branched; central strand well developed. Axillary hyaline nodules not developed. Leaves in 23–58 pairs, densely arranged except the lowermost ones, which are much smaller and more or less loosely arranged; middle to upper leaves oblong-lanceolate, 3.6–4.1 mm × 1.0–1.1 mm, mostly mucronate, occasionally broadly acute; base of dorsal laminae rounded; vaginant laminae 1/2 the length of the leaf, equal or slightly unequal; costa stout, usually ending a few cells below leaf apex, rarely percurrent; coarsely serrulate near apex, slightly serrulate throughout the rest of margin; cells of apical and dorsal laminae quadrate to hexagonal, 11–21 µm long, smooth to slightly mammillose, well demarcated, moderately thick-walled; cells of vaginant laminae similar to those of apical and dorsal laminae, but larger, with thicker walls, especially towards the base near costa. Dioicous. Female inflorescences usually terminal on short lateral branches. Archegonia 340–596 µ m long. Perichaetial leaves differentiated, shorter and narrower than stem leaves, 4.6–5.6 mm long, 0.4–0.6 mm wide, acute, base of dorsal laminae wedge-shaped, cells of vaginant laminae much longer than those of apical and dorsal laminae.

Distribution: China, Japan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, the West Indies, and throughout the Americas.

Habitat: on soil, boulders, or cliffs.

Fissidens areolatus Griff., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 2: 506. 1842. Fissidens polypodioides var. areolatus (Griff.) Wils., Hooker’s J. Bot. & Kew Gard. Misc. 9: 294. 1857.

Fissidens polypodioides Hedw. Sp. Muse. 154. 1801
Plants large, 2-5 cm. long, gregarious, yellowish-green; stems simple or branching from the base rooting at base only, erect to ascending; leaves numerous, barely overlappuag, about 3 mm. long, oblong-lingulate, romided-obtuse with a short blmit apiculus, or rarely subacute, entire, not bordered, sometimes sUghtly denticulate at apex, the costa strong, almost percurrent; vaginant laminae half the length of the leaf or more; dorsal lamina wide, extending to the base of the leaf, truncate; leaf-cells irregularly hexagonal, pellucid, smooth, the upper median 10-15 m, larger near the costa and much smaller at the margin; dioicous; sporophyte from the upper leaf-axils, sometimes subterminal; seta about 1 cm. long; capsule elongatedobconic or subpyriform, contracted under the mouth when dry and empty; operculum rostrate, half the length of the urn; annulus large, revoluble; divisions of the peristome-teeth nodulose.
Type IvOCality: Jamaica.
Distribution: On moist shaded banks and ledges; Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, and Florida; Fern, Indiana {Underwood)) West Indies; Mexico; Central and South America.

Fissidens polypodioides is a species of moss first classified by Johannes Hedwig.

Fissidens polypodioides là một loài Rêu trong họ Fissidentaceae. Loài này được Hedw. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1801.

大業鳳尾蘚（学名：Fissidens polypodioides）为鳳尾蘚科鳳尾蘚屬下的一个种。