Look Alikes
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
How to Distinguish from Similar Species: Stylasterias forreri is similar in shape and spines but is brown, olive, or gray without red and has differences in its spines and pedicellariae. Evasterias troschelii has a generally similar body shape and variable coloration but its rays are thickest a short distance from the central disk and it does not have the pronounced series of large spines surrounded by fleshy cushions of pedicellariae.
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- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Habitat
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Rock, pebbles, sand, and mud
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Distribution
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Geographical Range: Eastern Aleutian Islands to northern Mexico.
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Comprehensive Description
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
This large, brightly colored seastar ideally has 5 long arms, though since it often suffers loss of one or more rays and grows them back only slowly it often is seen with less than 5 rays. Although there are several different kinds of spines and plates along the rays, its marginal plates are not greatly enlarged. The aboral row of plates on each ray contains very long spines, often 4-5 mm long, with each spine surrounded with a fleshy cushion of small crossed pedicellariae. This row of spines is fairly well-defined along the aboral surface and is called the carinal spines. There are several ragged rows of similar spines along each ray lateral to the carinal row. Bordering the ambulacrum on the oral side are mouth plates which are usually so sunken that they cannot be seen, then a row of prominent adambulacral plates, each of which contains two diverging spines, then a row of small "oral intermediate" spines. Most large spines and many areas between the spines contain abundant pedicellariae, many of them prominent, and of many different sizes and shapes. The papulae, coelomic pouches used for respiration and excretion, are also large and numerous, especially near the oral side next to the adambulacral plates. The rays can be up to 25 cm long each, and the central disk diameter is only about the same as the diameter of the rays, or about 1/6 to 1/10 the ray length. The color is blotchy, generally with various colors of pinkish red with white or tan or cream but some individuals may be straw colored or blue. The large spines are usually white but may be purple.
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Comprehensive Description
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Biology/Natural History: Studies have indicated that this species may eat a variety of prey such as snails, limpets, bivalves, chitons, squid, brachiopods, barnacles, crabs, fish, and tunicates but it seems to especially eat bivalves. It can use its large tube feet to pull clams up out of the sediment, then chips away some of the margin of the shell until it can insert its stomach and digest the clam. Breeding occurs from June to August. Spawning individuals elevate themselves from the bottom on their arm tips. Lifespan is at least 9 years. The polychaete worm Arctonoe fragilis is commensal on this seastar.
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Habitat
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İngilizce
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Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Depth Range: Intertidal or subtidal to 283 m or more
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Orthasterias
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İngilizce
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wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı
Orthasterias is a genus of sea stars in the family Asteriidae. Orthasterias koehleri, the rainbow star or red-banded sea star, is the only species in the genus. It is found in the North Pacific Ocean.
Description
The rainbow star is a large starfish, growing to a diameter of about 50 centimetres (20 in) with an arm length of 21 centimetres (8.3 in). It usually has five slender tapering arms and the aboral (upper) surface is pink or red with irregular patches or bands of darker red, orange or grey. The surface is covered with sharp white or mauve spines, each surrounded by a ring of pedicellariae, tiny pincer-like organs.[3][4]
Distribution and habitat
The rainbow star is found in northern parts of the Pacific Ocean with its range extending from California to Alaska at depths down to about 250 metres (820 ft).[3] It also occurs in mid-ocean on knolls and seamounts.[2] It is an uncommon species and is usually found on soft bottoms of mud or sand, or on kelp or rock surfaces.[3]
Biology
The rainbow star is a predator and feeds on a range of invertebrates including gastropod molluscs, limpets, bivalves, brachiopods, chitons, barnacles and tunicates.[4] In Alaska, it especially favours the ribbed clam Humilaria kennerleyi.[5] It can dig up clams buried in the substrate and force the valves apart with the suction provided by its tube feet. It then everts part of its stomach, thrusting a fold inside the bivalve and excreting digestive enzymes onto the tissues. When these have liquefied sufficiently, the stomach engulfs them and is returned to its normal position inside the starfish.[3][6]
The rainbow star is sometimes attacked by a voracious predator, the morning sun star (Solaster dawsoni). It attempts to defend itself by winding its arms round the attacker and nipping it with its thousands of pedicellariae.[7]
References
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^ Mah, C., Hansson, H. (2012). Mah CL (ed.). "Orthasterias Verrill, 1914". World Asteroidea database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2012-09-22.
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^ a b c Mah, C. (2012). Mah CL (ed.). "Orthasterias koehleri (deLoriol, 1897)". World Asteroidea database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2012-09-22.
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^ a b c d "Orthasterias koehleri". Race Rocks Taxonomy. 2002. Retrieved 2012-09-22.
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^ a b McDonald Gary (2010). "Orthasterias koehleri (de Loriol, 1897)". Intertidal Invertebrates of the Monterey Bay Area, California. Archived from the original on 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2012-09-23.
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^ "Redbanded Sea Star, Orthasterias koehleri and the Blood Star, Henricia leviuscula". Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Retrieved 2012-09-23.
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^ Dorit, R. L.; Walker, W. F.; Barnes, R. D. (1991). Zoology. Saunders College Publishing. p. 782. ISBN 0-03-030504-7.
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^ "Morning sun star: Solaster dawsoni". Sea stars of the Pacific Northwest. 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-09-09. Retrieved 2012-09-24.
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Orthasterias: Brief Summary
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İngilizce
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wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı
Orthasterias is a genus of sea stars in the family Asteriidae. Orthasterias koehleri, the rainbow star or red-banded sea star, is the only species in the genus. It is found in the North Pacific Ocean.
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Orthasterias koehleri
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Felemenkçe; Flemish
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wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı
Orthasterias koehleri is een zeester uit de familie Asteriidae.
De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1897 gepubliceerd door Perceval de Loriol.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties Geplaatst op:
15-12-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen.
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Habitat
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İngilizce
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World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
Known from seamounts and knolls
Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication.
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- WoRMS Editorial Board
