Cyclidiidae

[taxonomy:genus=Cyclidium] Date: 12 Aug 2011 Location: Permanently wet longkang beside NUS Enterprise Incubator, under shade of large banyan tree. Drain full of leaf litter and shed banyan roots. Water clear, not green, grey-brown floc when bottom and litter stirred. Microscope: Bright-field with closed condenser aperture. Camera: Nikon D7000 Collector: Brandon Seah

[taxonomy:genus=Cyclidium] Date: 12 Aug 2011 Location: Permanently wet longkang beside NUS Enterprise Incubator, under shade of large banyan tree. Drain full of leaf litter and shed banyan roots. Water clear, not green, grey-brown floc when bottom and litter stirred. Microscope: Bright-field with closed condenser aperture. Camera: Nikon D7000 Collector: Brandon Seah

Cristigera setosa This small ciliat belonging to group of scuticociliates/hymenostomata is not easy to photograph. The picture shows the sail-like undulating membran. Sample collected from Simmelried near Konstanz (Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany). This image was taken using Zeiss Universal with Olympus C7070 CCD camera.Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Bog Hegne Moor near Lake Constance (Germany) Latitude: 47.718106 Longitude: 9.093974 Dieser kleine Ciliat gehört zur Gruppe der Scuticociliaten / Hymenostomata, er ist nicht leicht zu fotografieren. Das Bild zeigt seine große adorale Membranellenzone, die wie ein Segel aussieht. Probe aus dem Simmelried nahe Konstanz. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Universal, Kamera: Olympus C7070. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Portrait (ventral surface) of the pleuronematine scuticociliate, Cristigera phoenix (Penard, 1922). Collected from a freshwater aquaculture pond near Boise, Idaho November 2004. DIC.

Portrait (ventral surface) of the pleuronematine scuticociliate, Cristigera phoenix (Penard, 1922). Collected from a freshwater aquaculture pond near Boise, Idaho November 2004. DIC.

Stained by the silver carbonate technique (see Foissner, W. Europ. J. Protistol., 27:313-330;1991).Brightfield.

Stained by the silver carbonate technique (see Foissner, W. Europ. J. Protistol., 27:313-330;1991).Brightfield.

Stained by the silver carbonate technique (see Foissner, W. Europ. J. Protistol., 27:313-330;1991).Brightfield.

Portrait (ventral surface) of the pleuronematine scuticociliate, Cristigera phoenix (Penard, 1922). Collected from a freshwater aquaculture pond near Boise, Idaho November 2004. DIC.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, and is here seen in late division. Ciliates multiply by dividing in two. Ciliates divide across the kineties (i.e. along a line that is parallel to the axis of the flagellar bases), and flagellates divide longitudinally (but for them that also means that the vision is in parallel to the axis of the flagella). The two cells shown here are joined by the tiniest strand of umbilical cytoplasm. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, a group which usually has a well developed veil of cilia projecting around the mouth region, and these can be see to one side of each cell. It eats bacteria. May occur in organically enriched habitats with large numbers of bacteria. Common in freshwater and marine habitats. Pleuronema is a larger member of the same group that is often found in marine habitats. Paracyclidium is similar, but there are no locomotor cilia in the centre of the body whereas it is clear from this image, that the kineties are unbroken. Long caudal cilium. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, a group which usually has a well developed veil of cilia projecting around the mouth region. This undulating membrane is not extended in the cell in this picture. It eats bacteria. May occur in organically enriched habitats with large numbers of bacteria. Common in freshwater and marine habitats. Pleuronema is a larger member of the same group that is often found in marine habitats. Paracyclidium is similar, but there are no locomotor cilia in the centre of the body whereas it is clear from this image, that the kineties are unbroken. Long caudal cilium. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, a group which usually has a well developed veil of cilia projecting around the mouth region. This image shows the mouth region and the layer of cilia lying over the top of it. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, a group which usually has a well developed veil of cilia projecting around the mouth region, and these can be see to one side of each cell. It eats bacteria. May occur in organically enriched habitats with large numbers of bacteria. Common in freshwater and marine habitats. Poor image. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) is a small scuticociliate, a group which usually has a well developed veil of cilia projecting around the mouth region, and these can be see to the right side of this cell. It eats bacteria. May occur in organically enriched habitats with large numbers of bacteria. Common in freshwater and marine habitats. Phase contrast.

Cyclidium (sigh-clid-ee-um) a common and widespread filter-feeding ciliate. This is a scuticociliate in which one of the aggregates of cilia associated with the mouth forms a veil to one side (here to the left) and this is used to help separate particles of food- bacteria - from the water. Phase contrast. Material from Nymph Creek and Nymph Lake, thermal sites within Yellowstone National Park, photograph by Kathy Sheehan and David Patterson.

Cyclidium, common bacterivorous ciliate, with undulating membrane extending sideways (here to the right) in feeding cells. From Lake Donghu, China. Phase contrast micrograph.

This cell has been slightly compressed, the curving structure upper right is the base of the undulating membrane, showing its path from near the front of the cell to end by curving around the cytosome - the point at which food is ingested. The lines over the surface of the body are where the kineties (rows of cilia) lie. Differential interference contrast optics. 

The mouth structures are in the upper right part of the cell. Differential interference contrast optics. 

This image is of a feeding cell. The extensive undulating membrane starts at the front of the cell and gets wider as it gets closer to the mouth - near the middle of the cell. The dark line is an edge of the UM, and the tightly spaced cilia can be seen near the front of the UM. The body has numerous evenly spaced cilia, but there is one unusually long caudal cilium. Phase contrast image. 

Small ciliate, the bases of the line of cilia that make up the undulating membrane are seen to the upper right of the cell. Phase contrast microscopy.

Dorsal view of the small scutociliate, Cyclidium glaucoma (Mueller, 1773). The infraciliature has been stained by the Klein-Foissner silver nitrate technique (see Foissner, W. Europ. J. Protistol.27,313-330;1991). The argyrome or silverline system is revealed. The denser longitudinal argentophilic lines are crossed by finer transverse bridging lines (seen best in the anterior 1/2 here). Collected from stagnant freshwater rich in decomposing matter near Boise, Idaho, August 2004. Brightfield.

Ventral view of the small scutociliate, Cyclidium glaucoma (Mueller, 1773). The infraciliature has been stained by the Klein-Foissner silver nitrate technique (see Foissner, W. Europ. J. Protistol.27,313-330;1991). The argyrome or silverline system is revealed. The denser longitudinal argentophilic lines are crossed by finer transverse bridging lines (seen best in the anterior 1/2 here). The reverse "J" shaped paraoral membrane is clearly seen. the line just medial to the paraoral membrane represents the three adoral membranelles. A short dense longitudinal line immediately posterior to the paraoral membrane represents the cytoproct (cell anus). Collected from stagnant freshwater rich in decomposing matter near Boise, Idaho, August 2004. Brightfield.