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Trophic Strategy ( İngilizce )

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Warmer-water distribution, within 15° of the Equator. (Ref. 92949). Large adults sometimes kill themselves by swimming out of the water onto beaches; occurrence of such strandings may be linked to certain areas, seasons or months and often in spates (Ref. 92949). Feed on euphausiid crustaceans, small fishes and squid (Ref. 6738); Euphausiidae being their main diet but possibly feed only when highly concentrated in areas of upwelling. With few predators and parasites; adaptative significance of autotomy still unknown. Occassionally associate in pairs (gender undocumented) but no record of group larger than three or of schooling behavior. Spawns in the North Pacific Ocean, in an area west of the Marianas Islands; also possibly in South Africa near Durban (Ref. 92949).
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Morphology ( İngilizce )

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 333 - 371; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0; Vertebrae: 113 - 122
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Diagnostic Description ( İngilizce )

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With two red dorsal fin crests up to 1 meter high and ribbon-like silvery body up to 8 meters in length. Distinguished by the dorsal fin rays until end of abdomen fewer than 82; abdominal vertebrae 34 to 37; in complete adult specimens, total vertebrae count, 113 to 122 and total dorsal fin rays, 333 to 371; total gill rakers on first gill arch in large fish, 47 to 60; in adults, anteriormost part of dorsal fin with 2 crests: first dorsal fin crest with 3 to 6 rays united by fin membranes and second dorsal fin crest with a single elongated and ornamented ray and not united by membrane to other dorsal fin rays (Ref. 92949). Other diagnostic characters: pelvic fin with a single elongated ray and with more than 3 membranous appendages; caudal fin small, reduced (Ref. 41299). Cristophore (new term) present and supports the first dorsal fin crest; pelvic fin with a single permanent, extremely elongate and ornamented ray; 11-14 pectoral-fin rays, with a horizontally-oriented base, allowing the fin to be vertically-oriented when adpressed against the body; all large fish lacking a caudal fin, but in the young, principal rays number 3-4 (usually 4), may be extremely elongate, and the tip rarely with ornament; lacking procurrent rays; highly elongate body, with no anal fin; total dorsal fin rays in complete specimens (significantly less in individuals of approx. max. TL of 1.5 m), 3 33 to 449 and total vertebrae 113 to 163; approx. max. length of largest specimens, 8 m (all autotomized); stomach characterized with an elongate postabdominal caecum extending to end of body; muscle masses compartmentalized by a complex system of connected intermuscular septa; with up to three dorsal horizontal septa and three ventral horizontal septa in addition to the horizontal, vertical, and transverse septa common to most teleosts; as a result of autotomy, the posterior part of the adult body (including most large juveniles) terminating in a healed-over stump or terminus (new term); still, many specimens found with fresh (with a ragged appearance very different from a healed termini) incomplete self-amputations of the posterior part of the body, notably not consistent with shark bites. Toothless jaws or with only some tiny vestigial teeth (Ref. 92949).
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Life Cycle ( İngilizce )

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Are broadcast spawners with no parental care for the young (Ref. 92949).
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Biology ( İngilizce )

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Warmer-water distribution, within 15° of the Equator. Large adults sometimes kill themselves by swimming out of the water onto beaches; occurrence of such strandings may be linked to certain areas, seasons or months and often in spates. With a unique adaptation of self-amputation (autotomy) of the posterior part of the body past the vent which may involve only the caudal fin (or one to a few small adjacent vertebrae) or as far anterior as just before the abdomen; apparently occurs several times during its lifetime (serial autotomy) but do not damage any vital organs and are usually survived except in strandings. All records over 1.5 m long have bodies shortened by autotomy and may exhibit a healed-over stump or "terminus"; still, many specimens found with fresh (with a ragged appearance very different from a healed termini) incomplete self-amputations of the posterior part of the body, notably not consistent with shark bites; the lost part is never regenerated. Species of this Regalecus attain lengths of 7-8 meters and this is well established by documented specimens. Oftentimes sighted vertically suspended head-up in clear oceanic or inshore waters with the rays of the two dorsal fin crests usually extended vertically upward while the pelvic fin rays may be horizontally spread outward and away from the body (Ref. 92949). This is hypothesized to be a feeding stance that visually allows the fish to spot the silhouette of its potential prey against the skylight (Ref. 49905). Feed on euphausiid crustaceans, small fishes and squid (Ref. 6738). Toothless protrusile jaws work to suction krill-laden water into its oro-branchial cavity and retained in the gullet by the long, spiny and bristly gill rakers (Ref. 92949). Occassionally associate in pairs (gender undocumented) but no record of group larger than three or of schooling behavior (Ref. 92949). Spawning occurs between July and December and larvae are encountered near the surface (Ref. 9337). Spawns in the North Pacific Ocean, in an area west of the Marianas Islands; also possibly in South Africa near Durban (Ref. 92949). In Guinness Book of Records as longest bony fish (Ref. 6472). Also caught with encircling nets and marketed fresh (Ref. 9337). Reputed to be unpalatable because the flesh is tasteless or otherwise unappetizing (Ref. 92949). Underwater footage shows them slowly swimming vertically, head up, with a stiff body, only undulating the dorsal fin, and with photophores on their appendages. The mouth can be protruded for capturing prey (RF, pers. comm. 2013). A rare species mainly offshore, sometimes drifting to coastal regions (Ref. 41299). Length based on occurrence record from Taiwan.
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Importance ( İngilizce )

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fisheries: of no interest
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分布 ( İngilizce )

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分布於印度-太平洋區。臺灣發現於北部、東部、東北部及西北部海域。
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利用 ( İngilizce )

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罕見魚種。
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描述 ( İngilizce )

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體延長而呈帶狀,甚側扁,前部較高,向後漸細窄;標準體長約為體高之17-24倍。頭小,眼上方之頭背部陡直。體平滑,裸露無鱗,但具有由鱗片特化之突起。上下頜無齒。鰓耙數47-60。背鰭基底長,起始於眼上方,前方3-6鰭條延長呈冠狀,由鰭膜所連結(第一冠),後有單一分離延長鰭條(第二冠),肛門前背鰭鰭條少於82,完整標本全部鰭條333-371。無臀鰭;腹鰭僅一延長如絲之軟條,其上具多個膜狀突出物;尾鰭退化。腹部脊錐骨數34-37。體銀白色,體側具許多個大小不一之暗斑。近期研究指出本屬兩種,勒氏皇帶魚與皇帶魚(/Regalecus glesne/),兩者主要差異在於後者第一冠具6-8延長鰭條,第二冠具5-11分離且延長之鰭條,肛門前鰭條90-120,總背鰭鰭條414-449,腹部脊椎骨45-56,以及具有33-47鰓耙。(何宣慶 2013/01)
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棲地 ( İngilizce )

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大洋性中層巡游魚類,偶出現於近海及沿岸,生態習性不清楚。其棲息深度約由表層至1000公尺之間,一般在200公尺以上,繁殖季節及幼魚期時會巡游至表層。主要攝食磷蝦(浮游性甲殼動物)、小型魚類及烏賊等。皇帶魚又有地震魚之稱,因為漁民認為牠常於地震過後出現,是否受地震時海底擾動所驚嚇而游到淺海處仍須查證。是現今硬骨魚類中體長最長的魚種,最大體長可達8公尺左右。
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Regalecus russelii ( Almanca )

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Regalecus russelii (Syn.: Gymnetrus russelii, Cuvier, 1816) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Riemenfische (Regalecidae). Hinter seiner Schwesterart Regalecus glesne ist er der zweitlängste Knochenfisch der Welt.

Merkmale

Regalecus russelii ist bandförmig langgestreckt und seitlich stark abgeflacht. Er kann eine Länge von 5,5 bis maximal 8 Metern erreichen. Die Anzahl der Wirbel liegt bei 113 bis 122, davon sind 34 bis 37 Rumpfwirbel (127 bis 163 bzw. 45 bis 56, bei Regalecus glesne). Der Fisch ist silbrig, lediglich die aus bis zu einem Meter hohen Flossenstrahlen gebildeten Kämme auf dem Kopf sind rötlich. Der erste Kamm wird von 3 bis 6 durch eine Flossenmembran miteinander verbundenen Flossenstrahlen gebildet (6 bis 8 bei Regalecus glesne), der zweite durch einen einzelnen, gemusterten Flossenstrahl (5 bis 11 bei Regalecus glesne). Dieser ist nicht durch Flossenmembran mit dem vorderen Kamm oder der Rückenflosse verbunden. Die Rückenflosse beginnt über dem Hinterkopf, reicht bis zum Schwanz und erstreckt sich somit über gesamte Körperlänge des Fisches. Sie wird von 333 bis 371 Weichstrahlen gestützt (414 bis 449 bei Regalecus glesne). Von diesen Weichstrahlen befinden sich weniger als 82 über dem Abdomen (90 bis 120 bei Regalecus glesne). Mit ihren wellenförmigen Bewegungen ist die Rückenflosse das Hauptorgan für die Fortbewegung des Fisches. Eine Afterflosse fehlt, die nur bei Jungfischen vorhandene Schwanzflosse ist klein, und hat vier, seltener drei, lange Flossenstrahlen. Die langen, brustständigen Bauchflossen bestehen aus einem einzelnen Flossenstrahl mit mehr als drei, von Flossenmembran gebildeten Anhängen. Die Brustflossen werden von 11 bis 14 Flossenstrahlen gestützt und besitzen eine horizontal zur Körperachse ausgerichtete Basis, so dass sie, am Körper angelegt, senkrecht nach oben gerichtet sind. Große, ausgewachsene Fische besitzen 47 bis 60 lange, borstige Kiemenrechen auf dem ersten Kiemenbogen (33 bis 47 bei Regalecus glesne).

Das Maul ist zahnlos und weit vorstülpbar (protraktil). Am Ende des Magens findet sich ein langer Blinddarm der bis zum Ende des Körpers reicht. Die Muskelsegmente der Rumpfmuskulatur sind zusätzlich zu den horizontalen, vertikalen und transversalen intermuskulären Scheidewänden der meisten übrigen Teleostei, durch bis zu drei weitere dorsale, horizontale und drei weitere ventrale, horizontale Septen gegliedert.

Regalecus russelii besitzt die Fähigkeit der Selbstamputation (Autotomie). Dabei wird ein hinterer Körperteil, z. B. die Schwanzflosse, allein oder mit einem oder zwei hinteren Wirbeln, abgeworfen. Mit zunehmendem Alter werden immer weitere Körperabschnitte im Zuge einer seriellen Autotomie abgeworfen und alle Exemplare, die länger als 1,5 Meter sind, haben ein stumpfes, durch Autotomie verkürztes Körperende. Bei der Autotomie werden keine lebenswichtigen Organe beschädigt und sie kann maximal bis kurz vor dem Anus durchgeführt werden. Die abgeworfenen Körperabschnitte werden niemals regeneriert. Möglicherweise gibt es einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Selbstamputation und einem geringen Nahrungsangebot.

Lebensweise

Regalecus russelii ist selten und lebt im offenen Ozean im tropischen und subtropischen Pazifik und Indischen Ozean. Tote Exemplare wurden u. a. an den Küsten Japans, Taiwans, Kaliforniens und Baja Californias angespült. Unterwasseraufnahmen zeigten die Art mit langgestrecktem, steifem Körper, senkrecht, mit dem Kopf nach oben und mit der undulierenden Rückenflosse langsam schwimmend. Eventuell nehmen die Fische die senkrechte Körperhaltung ein, um die Silhouette ihrer vor allem aus Leuchtgarnelen, anderen Krebstieren und kleinen Fischen bestehenden Beutetiere vor der hellen Wasseroberfläche als Hintergrund besser sehen zu können. Regalecus russelii tritt oft zu zwei oder drei Exemplaren auf, niemals aber im Schwarm. Bei Begegnungen mit Artgenossen werden die durch die vorderen Rückenflossenstrahlen gebildeten Kopfkämme oft senkrecht nach oben gehalten und die langen Bauchflossen werden horizontal vom Körper weg gestreckt. Die Fische laichen wahrscheinlich zwischen Juli und Dezember, im Nordpazifik westlich der Marianen und möglicherweise auch vor der Küste des südöstlichen Südafrikas. Larven werden nah der Meeresoberfläche gefunden.

Systematik

Die wissenschaftliche Erstbeschreibung von Regalecus russelii erbrachte der französische Zoologe und Paläontologe Georges Cuvier im Jahr 1816 unter der Bezeichnung Gymnetrus russelii. Zusammen mit Regalecus glesne bildet Regalecus russelii die Gattung Regalecus und zusammen mit Agrostichthys parkeri bilden die beiden Arten die Familie der Riemenfische (Regalecidae), die die größten Vertreter der Glanzfischartigen (Lampriformes) sind.

Synonyme von Regalecus russelii sind: Regalecus caudatus Zugmayer, 1914, Regalecus glesne pacificus Wood-Jones, 1929, Regalecus kinoi Castro-Aguirre, Arvizu-Martinez & Alarcón-Gonzalez, 1991 und Regalecus woodjonesi Whitley, 1933.

Literatur

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Regalecus russelii: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

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Regalecus russelii (Syn.: Gymnetrus russelii, Cuvier, 1816) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Riemenfische (Regalecidae). Hinter seiner Schwesterart Regalecus glesne ist er der zweitlängste Knochenfisch der Welt.

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Regalecus russelii ( İngilizce )

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Regalecus russelii, or Russell's oarfish, is a species of oarfish in the family Regalecidae.[1] It is a broadly-distributed marine fish, found in waters in the bathypelagic zone.[2] R. russelii is a scaleless, elongate and ribbonlike fish, growing up to 8 meters in length.[2]

Taxonomy

Regalecus russelii is a member of the fish genus Regalecus and oarfish family Regalecidae. The genus currently includes only one other species of oarfish, Regalecus glesne.[2][3] R. russelii is part of the order Lampriformes, which represents tube-eyes and ribbonfishes, and is part of the larger class of ray-finned fishes called Actinopterygii.[2]

Anatomy and morphology

Regalecus russelii can grow up to 8 meters in length, and it has two dorsal fin crests that can reach 1 meter high.[2] The species can be distinguished by its red dorsal fin crests, light brown head, and scaleless, silver body.[2][3] The body is covered by dermal tubercles, which are concentrated along the ventral and lower side regions of the body.[3] Each dorsal fin has 333 to 371 rays, which shorten and then become longer at the middle of the body.[3][2] Its pelvic fin contains more than three membranous appendages and is a single elongated ray.[2] The stomach has a long caecum, beginning posterior of the abdomen and extending to the end of the body.[2] Muscle is contained in intermuscular septa, with dorsal and ventral septa along with teleost's characteristic horizontal, vertical, and transverse septa.[2] Older R. russelii often have a posterior stump-like tail, which is a consequence of self-amputation but show no signs of regeneration.[2] In some specimens, this tail appears jagged and unhealed, consistent with a fresh self-amputation.[2]

The majority of these fish have toothless jaws, but small vestigial teeth have been observed in some.[2] There are 113 to 122 vertebrae present in the spine.[2] The skeleton contains distinct areas of hyperostosis, or hyper-ossified bones, that are most prominent on the dorsal pterygiophores, but is also present on the cleithrum and along the supraoccipital bone.[4] The rest of the skeleton is cartilaginous.[4] The hyperostosis provides additional support to the pterygiophores during movement.[4] It has also been hypothesized that this hyper ossification acts as a lever for the oarfish dorsal fins, which contributes to the organism's buoyancy.[4] The presence of hyperostosis varies among R. russelii of different ages and sizes; it is present in most large adult fish, and many smaller fish lack these regions of swollen bones.[4] R. russelii's flaccid skeleton lacks mineralization, which is advantageous in maintaining buoyancy in deep waters.[4]

One of the few biological structures that has been studied is the otolith, which is a structure in the inner ear that is involved in sensing movement and gravity.[5] R. russelii have very small sagittal otoliths that are difficult to observe; their small size may indicate that they play an insignificant role in sensing.[5] Researchers have been able to perform CT scans and rare, invasive studies on this structure of a deceased R. russelii to better understand its physiological significance.[5]

Life history traits

In addition to the otolith, recent studies have revealed more information about the reproductive organs of the oarfish. Using photographs, histological cross-sections, and measurements of four samples of R. russelii, researchers were able to qualitatively describe the sexual organs of the species. These studies have shown that female oarfish have bifurcated ovaries containing a cavity through which the eggs pass before leaving the body of the oarfish. Testes on male oarfish are located in a similar place as the ovaries of female oarfish, near the digestive tract called the coelomic cavity. The oarfish have two separate, disconnected testes and the left testes observed were longer than the right testes. An analysis of these findings led researchers to conclude that R. russelii are likely batch spawning fish that produce a large number of offspring every breeding season.[6]

Based on a study that performed an artificial insemination with the eggs and sperm from a pair of deceased R. russelii samples, the morphology of the oarfish larvae was able to be examined. This study described the larvae as having long yet compact bodies. The larvae were invertebrates but had bones in their head area, as well as fins. The swimming patterns of the larvae were analyzed, and it was determined that they primarily used their pectoral fins for motility.[7]

Distribution

Regalecus russelii lives in deep waters near areas such as Japan, California, and Baja California, in waters such as the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans.[2] The oarfish typically reside in the mesopelagic area of the sea.[7] Since 1901, there have been 19 verified sightings and strandings along the coast of California waters.[8] The R. russelii is found around the world equatorially, while the Regalecus glesne is found with antitropical distribution.[9]

In June 2022, a juvenile was seen on the Great Barrier Reef off Queensland, Australia, by a snorkel tour leader. Identification was later made from pictures, by Dr Tyson Roberts, a former researcher at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.[10]

The low number of live sightings of oarfish has made it difficult to determine the precise distribution of the Regalecus, and further research is needed.

Feeding and diet

The species uses a feeding stance to see the silhouette of its prey. It feeds on euphausiid crustaceans, small fishes and squid, and uses its protrusile jaws to suck in prey.[11] The oarfish mostly consumes a diet of krill[12] as its energy source, using its jaw to fill its oro-branchial cavity with the crustaceans, that will then be held in the gullet and passed through.[13]

Conservation

There are no specific conservation measures for R. russelii, and it occurs in at least one marine protected area. It has been listed as 'Least concern' by the IUCN Red List.[11]

Mythology

Two deep sea oarfish were caught live in nets off the coast of Okinawa, Japan January 28, 2019. Both died before making their way into an aquarium inland in the town Motobu. One fisher described the two oarfish squirming in the nets as looking like "real dragons."[14] A belief surrounds the species that they are "harbingers of earthquakes", but there is no scientific evidence or an association established between recorded oarfish sightings and earthquakes.[8] In Japanese mythology, oarfish are also referred to as "Messengers from the Sea God's Palace" (宮の使い “Ryūgū-No-Tsukai”). Kiyoshi Wadatsumi, an expert in ecological seismology and director of e-PISCO, an organization which studies earthquakes, states that deep sea fish are more sensitive to the tectonic movements or tremors from active faults than fish closer to the surface of the ocean.[15]

Parasites

Despite the relatively limited number of oarfish researched, in 2014 scientists were able to discover a new species of nematode called Spinitectus gabata n. sp. (Spirurina: Cystidicolidae) within the gastrointestinal tract of a R. russelii off the coast of Japan. The S. gabata likely uses the krill the oarfish consumes as an intermediate host, since known Spinitectus species often involve crustaceans as intermediate hosts.[12]

A recent study concerning the parasitization of this species revealed that the shorten mako shark and the sperm whale could both be predators of the oarfish, based on pattens of parasite transmission.[16] These conclusions were made based on analysis of the visceral tissue of an oarfish recovered by the Catalina Island Marine Institute in Santa Catalina Island, California. [16]

References

  1. ^ a b "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Regalecus russelii (Cuvier, 1816)". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Regalecus russelii summary page". FishBase. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
  3. ^ a b c d Angulo, A.; López-Sánchez, M. I. (2017). "New records of lampriform fishes (Teleostei: Lampriformes) from the Pacific coast of lower Central America, with comments on the diversity, taxonomy and distribution of the Lampriformes in the eastern Pacific Ocean". Zootaxa. 4236 (3): 573–591. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4236.3.11. PMID 28264321.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Paig-Tran, E.W.; Barrios, A.S.; Ferry, L.A. (2016). "Presence of repeating hyperostotic bones in dorsal pterygiophores of the oarfish, Regalecus russellii". Journal of Anatomy. 229 (4): 560–7. doi:10.1111/joa.12503. PMC 5013060. PMID 27296623.
  5. ^ a b c Midway, S.R.; Wagner, T. (2015). "The first description of oarfish (Regalecus russellii Cuvier 1816) (Regalecidae) ageing structures". Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 32 (1): 113–116. doi:10.1111/jai.12967.
  6. ^ Forsgren, Kristy L.; Jamal, Homam; Barrios, Andrew; Paig-Tran, E.W. Misty (September 2017). "Reproductive Morphology of Oarfish ( Regalecus russellii ): OARFISH REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY". The Anatomical Record. 300 (9): 1695–1704. doi:10.1002/ar.23605. PMID 28390152. S2CID 205413717.
  7. ^ a b Oka, Shin-ichiro; Nakamura, Masaru; Nozu, Ryo; Miyamoto, Kei (2020-04-08). "First observation of larval oarfish, Regalecus russelii, from fertilized eggs through hatching, following artificial insemination in captivity". Zoological Letters. 6 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s40851-020-00156-6. ISSN 2056-306X. PMC 7140580. PMID 32292594.
  8. ^ a b Feeney, Richard F.; Lea, Robert N. (December 2018). "California Records of the Oarfish,Regalecus russelii(Cuvier, 1816) (Actinopterygii: Regalecidae)". Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences. 117 (3): 169–179. doi:10.3160/3294.1. ISSN 0038-3872. S2CID 91283288.
  9. ^ Chakrabarty, Prosanta (2013). "Systematics, Biology, and Distribution of the Species of the Oceanic Oarfish Genus Regalecus (Teleostei, Lampridiformes, Regalecidae)". Copeia. 2013 (2): 336. doi:10.1643/OT-12-165. ISSN 0045-8511. JSTOR 24635733. S2CID 85635714.
  10. ^ Oarfish spotted on the Great Barrier Reef during snorkel swim, Phil Brandel, ABC News Online, 2022-07-02
  11. ^ a b "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
  12. ^ a b Poinar, George; Weinstein, Sara; Garcia-Vedrenne, Ana; Kuris, Armand (2014). "First description of a nematode, Spinitectus gabata n. sp. (Spirurina: Cystidicolidae), from the deep sea oarfish, Regalecus russelii (Regalecidae) in Japan". International Journal of Nematology. 24 (2): 117–123.
  13. ^ "Regalicus russelii". Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  14. ^ "Okinawan fishermen reel in two live oarfish, eat portion of one". The Japan Times Online. 2019-02-17. ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  15. ^ Yamamoto, Daiki (2010-03-06). "Sea serpents' arrival puzzling, or portentous?". The Japan Times Online. ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  16. ^ a b Kuris, Armand M.; Jaramillo, Alejandra G.; McLaughlin, John P.; Weinstein, Sara B.; Garcia-Vedrenne, Ana E.; Poinar, George O.; Pickering, Maria; Steinauer, Michelle L.; Espinoza, Magaly; Ashford, Jacob E.; Dunn, Gabriela L. P. (February 2015). "Monsters of the Sea Serpent: Parasites of an Oarfish,Regalecus russellii". Journal of Parasitology. 101 (1): 41–44. doi:10.1645/14-581.1. ISSN 0022-3395. PMID 25220829. S2CID 32384405.
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Regalecus russelii: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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Regalecus russelii, or Russell's oarfish, is a species of oarfish in the family Regalecidae. It is a broadly-distributed marine fish, found in waters in the bathypelagic zone. R. russelii is a scaleless, elongate and ribbonlike fish, growing up to 8 meters in length.

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Regalecus russelii ( Baskça )

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Regalecus russelii Regalecus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Regalecidae familian sailkatzen da.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Regalecus russelii FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

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Regalecus russelii: Brief Summary ( Baskça )

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Regalecus russelii Regalecus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Regalecidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Regalecus russelii ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Vissen

Regalecus russelii is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van riemvissen (Regalecidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1816 door Cuvier.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Regalecus russelii. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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勒氏皇帶魚 ( Çince )

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二名法 Regalecus russelii
G. Cuvier,1816

勒氏皇帶魚学名Regalecus russelii)又名金氏皇帶魚,为輻鰭魚綱月魚目皇帶魚科的其中一[1],分布於太平洋,包括日本韓國中國墨西哥等海域,為深海魚類,體為銀色,胸鰭小,背鰭鰭條在頭部延伸成曳絲狀,腹鰭亦呈絲狀延伸,體長可達540公分,屬肉食性。

与其近亲皇带鱼R. glesne)类似,本种也被形容為地震魚,一般認為是其受到地震驚嚇才游到淺層海域。本種魚極為罕見,難得發現於臺灣東部及西南部海域,大部分為海浪打上岸所能遇見。因標本少且體型特殊,日本人喻為「龍宮使者(竜宮の使い)」。由於常在地震前後出現,因此被認為是大地震前兆,也因此被稱做地震魚[2]

参考文獻

  1. ^ 勒氏皇帶魚(Regalecus russelii)訊息 臺灣魚類資料庫
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer & Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). Regalecus russelii in FishBase. 2012年5月版本

外部連結

 src= 维基物种中的分类信息:勒氏皇帶魚  src= 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:勒氏皇帶魚 小作品圖示这是一篇關於魚類小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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勒氏皇帶魚: Brief Summary ( Çince )

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勒氏皇帶魚(学名:Regalecus russelii)又名金氏皇帶魚,为輻鰭魚綱月魚目皇帶魚科的其中一,分布於太平洋,包括日本韓國中國墨西哥等海域,為深海魚類,體為銀色,胸鰭小,背鰭鰭條在頭部延伸成曳絲狀,腹鰭亦呈絲狀延伸,體長可達540公分,屬肉食性。

与其近亲皇带鱼(R. glesne)类似,本种也被形容為地震魚,一般認為是其受到地震驚嚇才游到淺層海域。本種魚極為罕見,難得發現於臺灣東部及西南部海域,大部分為海浪打上岸所能遇見。因標本少且體型特殊,日本人喻為「龍宮使者(竜宮の使い)」。由於常在地震前後出現,因此被認為是大地震前兆,也因此被稱做地震魚。

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