Chauliodus sloani are preyed upon by larger bathy- and mesopelagic nekton. Remains of Sloane’s viperfish have been found in the stomach of Coryphaena hippurus, some mammalian dolphins (Lagenodelphis, Stenella) and various sharks (Centroscymnus, Galeus). Many species of the family Merlucciidae have been known to prey on Chauliodus sloani as well (Gibbs, 1984). The dark colorings and lack of light at very great depths are the only known sources of protection against predators. These anti-predator characteristics couple with an asynchronous pattern of diel migration to help Chauliodus sloani avoid being eaten (Butler et al., 2001).
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Sloane’s fangfish are very slender with a maximum length of 35 centimeters (Gibbs, 1984). These iridescent fish come in shades of blue, green, black, or silver. Chauliodus sloani have an adipose fin and a forked caudal fin and their dorsal fin is positioned right behind the head (Gibbs, 1984). Almost all of the fins contain soft rays. The first soft ray of the dorsal fin is elongated and extends to about half the length of the body (McGrouther, 2003). These fish have approximately 2.4 % lipid content in their body (Gibbs, 1984). This low lipid content and the fact that they vertically migrate indicate that Chauliodus sloani probably have some form of swim bladder (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). Members of the genus Chauliodus are believed to eat at least once every 12 days which suggests a relatively low basal metabolic rate (Butler et al., 2001). The lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw and both are lined with fang-like teeth which give the fish its common name. There are rows of 24 or more photophores (light-producing cells) along the lateral and ventral surface of the fish (Butler et al., 2001). They are not sexually dimorphic.
Range length: 35 (high) cm.
Other Physical Features: ectothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike
Due to the difficulty of studying them in the wild, there is very little data on the lifespan of Sloane’s viperfish. Studies of the bands in the otoliths (plates in the inner ear) have yielded an estimated longevity of 15 to 30 years for most deep-sea fishes. However, it's difficult to know whether these bands occur strictly at annual intervals (Haedrich, 1997). Chauliodus sloani specimens have been contained in captivity for as long as 12-18 hours (Christophe, Baguet and Marechal, 1979).
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: 12 to 18 hours.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 15 to 30 years.
Chauliodus sloani are primarily bathypelagic fish. The bathypelagic region extends from 1000 to 2000 meters below the surface in the open ocean. They have been collected from a maximum depth of 2800 meters (Butler et al., 2001). Chauliodus sloani engage in asynchronous diel vertical migration which means that during the night they can be found in less deep regions such as the mesopelagic, which generally characterizes the depth range of 200 to 1000 meters (Sutton and Hopkins, 1996). It is thought that Sloane’s viperfish prefer regions of higher dissolved oxygen content because other relatives such as Chauliodus pammelas have more highly developed gills (Butler et al., 2001).
Range depth: 400 to 2800 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical ; saltwater or marine
Aquatic Biomes: pelagic
Chauliodus sloani, commonly called Sloane’s viperfish or Sloane’s fangfish, are known to inhabit almost all marine waters in the temperate and tropical zones. Their range extends from about 63 ° N to 50 ° S. There are a few regions in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean north of the equator where there have been no records of Sloane’s viperfish (Gibbs, 1984). Chauliodus sloani have been found in the Mediterranean and other adjoining seas as well (Gibbs, 1984).
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native ); palearctic (Native ); oriental (Native ); ethiopian (Native ); neotropical (Native ); australian (Native ); indian ocean (Native ); atlantic ocean (Native ); pacific ocean (Native ); mediterranean sea (Native )
Other Geographic Terms: cosmopolitan
Sloane’s viperfish have some characteristics typical of deep-water fishes which aid in acquiring food in regions of low light. These features include a straight intestine and an elongated, distensible stomach (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). They also have a relatively large gape, and hinged fangs. This specialized dentition can rotate inward to prevent prey from escaping and ease its passage into the gullet (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). Another feature that is unique to the genus Chauliodus is a hinged connection between the skull and backbone that rotates the skull upward to allow further manipulation of large prey into the throat (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). Chauliodus sloani prey on a variety of nektonic, planktonic, and benthic organisms. This includes other bony fishes and crustaceans. Some examples of nektonic prey include Cyclothone, Bregmaceros, Diaphus, Lampanyctus, and Myctophum (Gibbs, 1984). Larger specimens of Sloane’s fangfish are believed to be exclusively piscivorous while the smaller or younger fish consume a higher ratio of marine arthropods (Butler et al., 2001). Chauliodus sloani are known to be able to prey on fish that are 63 % of their own body length (Butler et al., 2001). These fish acquire food by arching their elongated first dorsal ray over the head and in front of the mouth as a lure (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). They may use their photophores to attract prey as well (McGrouther, 2003). As asynchronous diel migrators, they are presumed to wait at depths that act as common passages for other vertical migrators and catch prey as they ascend to feed (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997).
Animal Foods: fish; aquatic crustaceans
Primary Diet: carnivore (Piscivore )
Sloane’s fangfish function as higher-trophic level predators in their ecosystem (Gartner, Crabtree, and Sulak, 1997). They are considered to be very important contributors to the predation on myctophids (Butler et al., 2001). Chauliodus sloani serve as prey for the few types of organisms mentioned above.
Ecosystem Impact: keystone species
Chauliodus sloani have no known positive impact on humans. Their deep water range limits any type of contact with humans on a regular basis other than the few that are caught in deep water trawls. Since they are among the most common stomiids caught, they provide an opportunity for research on bioluminescence in the deep sea and the behavior of other deep-sea fish (Sutton and Hopkins, 1996).
Positive Impacts: research and education
Despite their fearsome appearance, Chauliodus sloani are considered to be harmless to humans. As noted above, this is due to the rare occurrence of contact with humans (Gibbs, 1984).
The larvae of Chauliodus sloani are similar in appearance to the leptocephalus of eels and are approximately 6 millimeters long when hatched. When they double in size the pectoral and caudal fins begin to develop (Gibbs, 1984). It is not known how long Chauliodus sloani take to grow from the larval stage to the adult form.
Development - Life Cycle: metamorphosis
Chauliodus sloani are not on the IUCN Red List and are not known to have any specific conservation status (Gibbs, 1984). It would be suspected that due to the deep-water range of this stomiid, it is very difficult to characterize the overall population of this species. There is probably very little impact from humans that would cause any negative conservation status for Chauliodus sloani.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
Since the eyes are rather large in Sloane's viperfish, it is presumed that they have retained use of sight as a form of perception (Gartner, Crabtree and Sulak, 1997). Chauliodus sloani, like other deep-water fish, also probably make use of their bioluminescent photophores to communicate with other conspecifics (Christophe, Baguet and Marechal, 1979).
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: photic/bioluminescent
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; chemical
Sloane’s viperfish were first identified by Bloch and Schneider in 1801 (McGrouther, 2003). The genus name Chauliodus (for which nine different species are known) comes from the Greek words chaulios which means “open-mouthed” and odous which refers to “teeth” (Gibbs, 1984).
Hardly anything is known about the mating system of Chauliodus sloani. Factors such as the depth at which they live and the fact that they do not survive very long in captivity make it very difficult to study this behavior (Christophe, Baguet, and Marechal, 1979).
Very little is known about the reproductive habits of Chauliodus sloani but like many fish they are dioecious (Gibbs, 1984). Sloane’s viperfish are not known to be sexually dimorphic since the specimens caught are rarely sexed. Since differences in species-specific photophore stimulations exist, it can be presumed that the light emissions are used in communication activities between individuals such as mate attraction (Christophe, Baguet and Marechal, 1979). Several sources have noted that external spawning takes place in this oviparous species (McGrouther, 2003). Chauliodus sloani are low fecundity organisms (Gibbs, 1984). Spawning probably occurs year round in the species although the larvae are known to be in the highest numbers from January to March (Gibbs, 1984).
Breeding season: Year-round
Key Reproductive Features: year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; oviparous
Like other types of reproductive characteristics, very little information has been gathered in respect to the parental investment of Chauliodus sloani.
View data on Catalog of Fishes here.
dorsal fin close to head, its origin over fourth to eighth photophore in lateral series; length from snout to dorsal fin origin 17–28% (usually 21–24%) SL. Color of irridescent silver-blue.
northward to 55° N in Atlantic, with records as far north as off Iceland; also, western Mediterranean. Elsewhere, widespread in Atlantic; also Indian and Pacific Oceans. Eggs, larvaeand young stages. Lo Bianco, 1902: 419–420, 422, 431 | Sanzo, 1914: 1–7 | Sanzo, 1918: 91–97 | Beebe, 1929: 10–12 | Roule and Angel, 1930: 24.
deep oceanic waters to more than 1,000 m depth; may migrate to near-surface waters at night; fairly common.
Gibbs RH, Jr. 1984. Chauliodontidae. In: Whitehead PJP, Bauchot M-L, Hureau J-C, Nielsen J, Tortonese E, editors. Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Paris: Unesco. p 336–337.
oviparous; spawns year around, with peak in late winter and early spring.
to more than 300 mm SL.
midwater fishes and crustaceans.
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El diable golut (Chauliodus sloani) és una espècie de peix de la família dels estòmids i de l'ordre dels estomiformes.
Menja peixos (principalment mictòfids)[7] i crustacis.[8]
A Namíbia és depredat per Merluccius capensis i Merluccius paradoxus,[9] a la península Ibèrica per Coryphaena hippurus,[10] als Estats Units per Merluccius albidus,[11] a les Filipines per Lagenodelphis hosei i Stenella longirostris[12] i a Austràlia per Hoplostethus atlanticus.[13] També forma part de la dieta de Centroscymnus coelolepis, Galeus melastomus i Allocyttus verrucosus.[14][15][16]
És un peix marí i d'aigües profundes que viu entre 200-4.700 m de fondària.[4][17]
Es troba a les aigües càlides i temperades de tots els oceans, incloent-hi la Mediterrània occidental.[18][4][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][5][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]
El diable golut (Chauliodus sloani) és una espècie de peix de la família dels estòmids i de l'ordre dels estomiformes.
Sloane's viperfish, Chauliodus sloani, is a predatory mesopelagic dragonfish found in waters across the world.[3] The species was first described by German scientists Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in their 1801 book Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum, volume 1.[4] Female C. sloani reach maturity between 133 and 191 mm, while males likely reach maturity at slightly smaller body lengths.[5] It has two rows of photophores along its ventral side.[6] It is believed that C. sloani can adjust the intensity of bioluminescence of the ventral photophores to camouflage itself from predators that might see its shadow from below.[7]
C. sloani is part of the genus Chauliodus, which includes all viperfishes. Viperfishes are deep-sea fishes with photophores (light-producing organs), long teeth, and hinged jaws.[6] There are nine other species in the genus, including C. danae and C. pammelas, both of which appear alongside C. sloani in primary literature.[8][9] C. sloani is distinguished from other Chauliodus species by its circumglobal range.
C. sloani is found in tropical and temperate waters. It is widespread in the Atlantic Ocean and the western Mediterranean Sea, as well as the Indian and Pacific Oceans.[6] Temperature restricts Sloane’s Viperfish vertical distribution.[10]
In the Atlantic, its latitudinal range is from 35°N - 55°N, with highest abundance around 45°N.[8] In the Arabian Sea, its range is primarily south of 10°N.[9]
In the central Mediterranean Sea, C. sloani is eaten as a primary part of the diet of the Atlantic bluefin tuna.[11] Analysis of several cetaceans' stomach contents found remnants of C. sloani, including the pygmy sperm whale and Gervais's beaked whale. Both were found beached on the Canary Islands.[12]
The primary feature of interest in C. sloani is its enormous teeth. When the jaw is closed, the teeth fit together to form a cage in which prey can likely be trapped.[13] Its jaw can be unhinged, allowing it to open its mouth up to 90° to catch prey up to 63% its own body size.[13] Its teeth, however, are fixed in place, attached firmly to the jawbone rather than being depressible like in some other fish species.[13] The immobility of its huge teeth requires it to open its jaw so wide.
The size, shape, location, and number of teeth are consistent across individuals of C. sloani, and each fang is highly specialized.[13] C. sloani likely lures prey to its mouth with its photophore, or by arching its long dorsal ray to dangle in front of its mouth.[13] The foremost premaxillary tooth, which is relatively straight and has sharp ridges, may then be used to wound larger prey.[13] The curved second premaxillary tooth is thought to be used like a dagger, retaining larger prey.5 All teeth come together into a cage to retain smaller prey.[13]
A study in 2009 showed that the teeth of C. sloani have dentin tubules[13] while another study, a decade later, showed the teeth of Aristostomias scintillans, another member of the family Stomiidae, lack dentin tubules.[14] The reason behind difference in presence of dentin tubules in two species of the same family has yet to be addressed.
The jaw musculature of C. sloani contains a third adductor facialis muscle ventral to the skull. Recent research suggests that it improves the mechanical advantage of the system by anteriorly displacing the intersegmental aponeurosis during adduction, which increases bite force and angular velocity.[15]
C. sloani has a forked caudal fin, an adipose fin, and a dorsal fin located immediately behind its head. Almost all of its fins contain soft rays. C. sloani has a low lipid content (~2.4%).[16] The body is enveloped in a thick, transparent, gelatinous casing. Like many stomiiformes, its scales and caudal skeleton are poorly ossified and it lacks a gas-filled swim bladder.[17]
C. sloani is a major consumer of myctophids (lanternfishes).[9] An average C. sloani individual probably consumes at least one lanternfish every twelve days[9] and there is no evidence to suggest that they increase their intake of food the bigger they are.[18] Consequently, the stomachs of smaller individuals have been found containing proportionally larger prey than the prey found in the stomachs of larger individuals.[19] However, they are not picky in their diet — they also eat other fishes, eggs, and algae.[8] This is another thing that distinguishes them from the C. danae, which feeds mainly on crustaceans,[8] however there has been evidence that shows smaller variations had crustaceans included in the stomach during stomach content analysis.[20] C. sloani typically feed on large prey, and in some cases was documented to consume prey up to 50% of its own bodyweight, and the size of their prey allows them to feed rarely and opportunistically while maximizing energetic efficiency.[20] This is consistent with the observation that only individuals under 120 mm in length were found with crustaceans in their stomach contents.[19] The fish is considered a specialist predator given the small list of prey that were observed in the stomach content analysis.[20] In a study to determine the effect of seasonal changes on feeding behavior, no significant difference was determined for C. sloani, and all of the prey items observed were fishes.[18] Earlier research found that of the 28 fish species preyed on, 18 were myctophids.[19] There was no observation of a diurnal feeding pattern, meaning their feeding was not affected by time of day.[18]
The photophores on the ventral and lateral sides of the viperfish allow it to display bioluminescence.[6] In a recent study, it was determined that the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline both contribute to bioluminescence in the viperfish, with adrenaline levels being higher in the photophores.[21] The study also observed that when the tail of the viperfish was squeezed, the viperfish emitted light for about 5–10 seconds.[21]
Sloane's viperfish, Chauliodus sloani, is a predatory mesopelagic dragonfish found in waters across the world. The species was first described by German scientists Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in their 1801 book Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum, volume 1. Female C. sloani reach maturity between 133 and 191 mm, while males likely reach maturity at slightly smaller body lengths. It has two rows of photophores along its ventral side. It is believed that C. sloani can adjust the intensity of bioluminescence of the ventral photophores to camouflage itself from predators that might see its shadow from below.
Chauliodus sloani es una especie de pez de la familia Stomiidae en el orden de los Stomiiformes.
• Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 35 cm de longitud total.[1][2]
Es ovíparo
En [[Nami a]] es depredado por Merluccius capensis y Merluccius paradoxus , en la península ibérica por Coryphaena hippurus en los Estados Unidos por Merluccius albidus , en las Filipinas por Lagenodelphis hosei y Stenella longirostris y en Australia por Hoplostethus atlanticus .
Come peces hueso (principalmente mictófidos) y crustáceo .
Es un pez de mar y de aguas profundas que vive entre 4000-4.700 m de profundidad.
Se encuentra en las aguas cálidas y templadas de todos los océanos, incluyendo el Mediterráneo occidental.
Harilik hiidsuu (Chauliodus sloani) on hiidsuulaste sugukonda kuuluv kala.
Harilik hiidsuu kasvab 20–35 cm pikkuseks. Tema pea pikkus on umbes 2 cm ja hammaste pikkus on sellest veidi üle poole. Tema hambad on nii pikad, et saagi neelamiseks peab ta suu vertikaalselt avama.
Harilik hiidsuu on levinud troopilistes ja subtroopilistes meredes kuni 2500 m sügavuses. Öisel ajal tõuseb umbes 600 m sügavusse, kus leidub rohkem toitu. Ta toitub väikestest kaladest.
Chauliodus sloani Chauliodus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Stomiidae familian sailkatzen da.
Espezie hau Egeo itsasoan aurki daiteke.
Chauliodus sloani Chauliodus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Stomiidae familian sailkatzen da.
Sapelisuu eli sapelihammaskala (Chauliodus sloani) on n. 30 cm pitkä hoikkaruumiinen syvänmeren kala, jota tavataan Intian- ja Tyynen valtameren trooppisissa ja lauhkeissa osissa.[2] Kalaa tavataan yleensä 1–2 kilometrin syvyydessä; se ei elä pitkään vankeudessa, joten sen elintapojen tutkiminen on vaikeaa.[3] On kuitenkin tiedossa, että sapelisuulla on suurimmat kalan hampaat pään kokoon nähden.[4]
Sen suu on suuri ja täynnä pitkiä, neulamaisia hampaita. Sen selkäevän ensimmäinen ruoto on pidentynyt siimaksi ja sen kärjessä on valoelin, jolla kala houkuttelee saaliseläimiä.
Sapelisuu eli sapelihammaskala (Chauliodus sloani) on n. 30 cm pitkä hoikkaruumiinen syvänmeren kala, jota tavataan Intian- ja Tyynen valtameren trooppisissa ja lauhkeissa osissa. Kalaa tavataan yleensä 1–2 kilometrin syvyydessä; se ei elä pitkään vankeudessa, joten sen elintapojen tutkiminen on vaikeaa. On kuitenkin tiedossa, että sapelisuulla on suurimmat kalan hampaat pään kokoon nähden.
Sen suu on suuri ja täynnä pitkiä, neulamaisia hampaita. Sen selkäevän ensimmäinen ruoto on pidentynyt siimaksi ja sen kärjessä on valoelin, jolla kala houkuttelee saaliseläimiä.
Le poisson-vipère de Sloane, chauliode de Sloane ou chauliode très lumineux (Chauliodus sloani) est une espèce de poissons-vipères de la famille des stomiidés.
C'est un poisson des grands fond, de forme très allongée, aux gros yeux, à mâchoires garnie de longues dents recourbées. Ses dents l'empêchent de fermer sa bouche, tant elles sont grandes et tranchantes[1].
Il mesure de 20 à 35 cm de longueur[2].
Il vit entre 200 et 4 700 m de profondeur.
Dans le monde des poissons, C. sloani est l'espèce géographiquement la plus répandue sur la planète ; il a été retrouvé dans plus d’un quart des eaux (en zones tropicales et subtropicales) de la planète[3], à des profondeurs atteignant 2 500 m.
Le poisson-vipère de Sloane, chauliode de Sloane ou chauliode très lumineux (Chauliodus sloani) est une espèce de poissons-vipères de la famille des stomiidés.
Iglozub (lat. Chauliodus sloani) ili iglozub strašni je riba iz porodice Stomiidae. Ponegdje je zovu i morska guja. Ova riba, strašnog izgleda je stanovnik velikih dubina[1], naime, živi na dubinama između 200 i 4700 metara iako je se najčešće može naći na područjima između 500 i 1000 m. Iglozub je lako prepoznatljiv po velikim ustima i enormnim oštrim zubima, koji su toliko dugi da ne mogu stati unutar usta, već se nalaze ispred njih. Tijelo je duguljasto, srebrenkaste boje, a po tijelu ima veliki broj fotofora, koje luče svjetlo. Lučenje svjetla privlači manje ribe kojima se iglozub hrani. Noću ga se može pronaći na manjim dubinama, a danju dublje, prati ponašanje manje ribe, t.j. svoje hrane. Naraste do 35 cm.
Premda se na mnogo mjesta (neka i vrlo ozbiljna) može naći da je iglozub otrovan, te da ga treba izbjegavati, to nije točno, dapače, osim svojih zuba i izgleda, iglozub je za ljude bezopasan.
Iglozub je riba dubokog mora, te je stoga ili vrlo rijedak u obalnim morima ili ga tamo nema. Obitava u toplijim dijelovima srednjeg Atlantika, u sjevernom dijelu Indijskog oceana, te u istočnom dijelu Pacifika, sjeverno od ekvatora. Može se pronaći i u Mediteranu, te Južnom i Istočnom kineskom moru[2].
U Wikimedijinu spremniku nalazi se još gradiva na temu: Iglozub
Wikivrste imaju podatke o: Iglozub Iglozub (lat. Chauliodus sloani) ili iglozub strašni je riba iz porodice Stomiidae. Ponegdje je zovu i morska guja. Ova riba, strašnog izgleda je stanovnik velikih dubina, naime, živi na dubinama između 200 i 4700 metara iako je se najčešće može naći na područjima između 500 i 1000 m. Iglozub je lako prepoznatljiv po velikim ustima i enormnim oštrim zubima, koji su toliko dugi da ne mogu stati unutar usta, već se nalaze ispred njih. Tijelo je duguljasto, srebrenkaste boje, a po tijelu ima veliki broj fotofora, koje luče svjetlo. Lučenje svjetla privlači manje ribe kojima se iglozub hrani. Noću ga se može pronaći na manjim dubinama, a danju dublje, prati ponašanje manje ribe, t.j. svoje hrane. Naraste do 35 cm.
Il pesce vipera (Chauliodus sloani), detto anche vipera di mare o cauliodo di Sloane, è un pesce d'acqua salata che appartiene alla famiglia degli Stomiidae.
Questo pesce vive negli abissi delle acque tropicali e temperate di tutti gli oceani. È stato trovato in più del 25% delle acque del globo, e risulta essere pertanto la specie marina con più alta distribuzione tra quelle finora studiate[2]. È stata riscontrata la sua presenza anche nel Mediterraneo occidentale. Durante il giorno staziona fra i 500 e i 3000 m di profondità; durante la notte nuota vicino alla superficie del mare.
È munito di una mandibola disarticolabile che gli consente di divorare prede di grosse dimensioni. I denti ricurvi sono così lunghi che gli impediscono di chiudere la bocca. Le sue squame sono azzurrine, più scure sul dorso e sul ventre. I fotofori, oltre che nella bocca, sono disposti in doppie file anche sui fianchi, sul ventre e alcuni pure sulla testa.
La lunghezza del pesce vipera va dai 30 ai 60 cm.
Il pesce vipera fa parte di quegli animali marini bioluminescenti, ovvero che producono luce o per delle reazioni chimiche che avvengono all'interno del loro organismo o per mezzo di alcuni batteri, ospitati in appositi organi, i fotofori. La bioluminescenza, ovvero l'emissione biologica di luce, serve per comunicare, per catturare prede, per difendersi o mimetizzarsi. Il pesce vipera, in particolare, attira le proprie prede con circa 350 organi luminosi all'interno della bocca.
Si nutre di crostacei e pesci.
È predato normalmente dai delfini, da alcuni squali (Centroscymnus coelolepis e Galeus melastomus), nonché da altri pesci (merluzzi, lampughe).
Il pesce vipera (Chauliodus sloani), detto anche vipera di mare o cauliodo di Sloane, è un pesce d'acqua salata che appartiene alla famiglia degli Stomiidae.
Sloan's addervis (Chauliodus sloani) is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van Stomiidae.[2] De soort is voor het eerst beschreven door Bloch & Schneider en de naam is door hen in 1801 geldig gepubliceerd.
Het langgerekte, geschubde lichaam van deze diepzeevis is blauwzwart en heeft een grote bek met bijzonder lange, transparante tanden. De grote tanden passen niet in de bek en zijn bezet met fijne weerhaakjes. Achter de kop, die hoger ligt dan de romp, bevindt zich een boogvormige, verlengde rugvinstraal, die vissen moet aanlokken. Op de flanken en rondom de bek bevinden zich rijen fotoforen, die ook als lokmiddel moeten dienen. De lichaamslengte bedraagt maximaal 35 cm en het gewicht tot 30 kg.
Deze soort komt wereldwijd voor in gematigde en (sub)tropische zeeën op grote diepten.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesSloan's addervis (Chauliodus sloani) is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van Stomiidae. De soort is voor het eerst beschreven door Bloch & Schneider en de naam is door hen in 1801 geldig gepubliceerd.
Hoggormfisk (Chauliodus sloani) er en art i gruppen strålefinnede fisker og finnes i alle tropiske og subtropiske hav. De blir ca. 20-35 cm lange.[1]
Kroppen er avlang og blir gradvis smalere fra hodet og bakover. Munnen er stor med lange tenner, de lengste tennene er nesten halvparten så lange som hodet. Den andre finnestrålen i ryggfinnen kan oppnå en lengde på opptil halvparten av kroppslengden. Denne strålen har en lysende tupp, og brukes som agn.
Fargen er sølvaktig blågrønn med fem rekker av heksagonale pigmenterte områder på begge sider av kroppen, dekket av et tynt skjell. Det er fotoforer rundt øynene og på hodet, ved roten til de lavere finnestrålene, to små fotoforer under hvert skjell og to rader med store lysorganer langs kroppens underside.
Om natten svømmer den opp til mindre enn 600 m dybde hvor det er mer mat å finne. Hoggormfisken lever av mindre fisk, og ser ut til å foretrekke Maurolicus muelleri.
Hoggormfisk (Chauliodus sloani) er en art i gruppen strålefinnede fisker og finnes i alle tropiske og subtropiske hav. De blir ca. 20-35 cm lange.
Kroppen er avlang og blir gradvis smalere fra hodet og bakover. Munnen er stor med lange tenner, de lengste tennene er nesten halvparten så lange som hodet. Den andre finnestrålen i ryggfinnen kan oppnå en lengde på opptil halvparten av kroppslengden. Denne strålen har en lysende tupp, og brukes som agn.
Fargen er sølvaktig blågrønn med fem rekker av heksagonale pigmenterte områder på begge sider av kroppen, dekket av et tynt skjell. Det er fotoforer rundt øynene og på hodet, ved roten til de lavere finnestrålene, to små fotoforer under hvert skjell og to rader med store lysorganer langs kroppens underside.
Om natten svømmer den opp til mindre enn 600 m dybde hvor det er mer mat å finne. Hoggormfisken lever av mindre fisk, og ser ut til å foretrekke Maurolicus muelleri.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Chauliodus sloani – gatunek morskiej promieniopłetwej ryby głębinowej z rodziny wężorowatych (Stomiidae), zamieszkującej subtropikalne, tropikalne i umiarkowane wody wszystkich wszechoceanu, żyjącej na głębokościach 200 – 4700 m, zwykle 500 – 1000 m. Ciało ryby jest silnie wydłużone, głowa jest duża, pysk szeroki, zęby długie, zakrzywione, przezroczyste. Pierwszy promień odgrywa rolę wabika: leży tuż za głową płetwy grzbietowej, jest bardzo długi i łukowato zagięty do przodu. Funkcję wabika pełnią również fotofory położone przy otworze gębowym oraz ciągnące się w rzędach po bokach ciała.
Chauliodus sloani – gatunek morskiej promieniopłetwej ryby głębinowej z rodziny wężorowatych (Stomiidae), zamieszkującej subtropikalne, tropikalne i umiarkowane wody wszystkich wszechoceanu, żyjącej na głębokościach 200 – 4700 m, zwykle 500 – 1000 m. Ciało ryby jest silnie wydłużone, głowa jest duża, pysk szeroki, zęby długie, zakrzywione, przezroczyste. Pierwszy promień odgrywa rolę wabika: leży tuż za głową płetwy grzbietowej, jest bardzo długi i łukowato zagięty do przodu. Funkcję wabika pełnią również fotofory położone przy otworze gębowym oraz ciągnące się w rzędach po bokach ciała.
Peixe-víbora (Chauliodus sloani) é uma espécie de peixe, que vive a cerca de 2 500 metros de profundidade nos oceanos. Seu comprimento é de 20 a 35 cm.[1] A espécie foi descrita pela primeira vez pelos cientistas alemães Marcus Elieser Bloch e Johann Gottlob Schneider em seu livro "Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum, de 1801, volume 1". Seu tamanho pode variar de 64 mm a 260 mm, e possui uma cor azul prata iridescente. Possui duas fileiras de fotóforos, uma de cada lado da parte ventral de seu corpo. Acredita-se que o peixe víbora ajusta a intensidade dos fotóforos ventrais durante as migrações diurnas para se camuflar de predadores que podem ver sua sombra por baixo.
Possui o recorde de maior dente relativo ao tamanho da cabeça, são tão grandes que precisa abrir sua boca para que os dentes fiquem verticais de modo a poder engolir suas presas. Quando a boca está fechada, os dentes se sobrepõem às mandíbulas. Agarra as presas perfurando-as com os longos dentes, nadando até elas, com a primeira vértebra servindo como um amortecedor do impacto. Consegue baixar o esqueleto das guelras, o que permite que engula suas presas inteiras. Sua cabeça mede aproximadamente 2 cm e seus dentes possuem pouco mais que a metade dessa medida.[2]
Peixe-víbora (Chauliodus sloani) é uma espécie de peixe, que vive a cerca de 2 500 metros de profundidade nos oceanos. Seu comprimento é de 20 a 35 cm. A espécie foi descrita pela primeira vez pelos cientistas alemães Marcus Elieser Bloch e Johann Gottlob Schneider em seu livro "Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum, de 1801, volume 1". Seu tamanho pode variar de 64 mm a 260 mm, e possui uma cor azul prata iridescente. Possui duas fileiras de fotóforos, uma de cada lado da parte ventral de seu corpo. Acredita-se que o peixe víbora ajusta a intensidade dos fotóforos ventrais durante as migrações diurnas para se camuflar de predadores que podem ver sua sombra por baixo.
Possui o recorde de maior dente relativo ao tamanho da cabeça, são tão grandes que precisa abrir sua boca para que os dentes fiquem verticais de modo a poder engolir suas presas. Quando a boca está fechada, os dentes se sobrepõem às mandíbulas. Agarra as presas perfurando-as com os longos dentes, nadando até elas, com a primeira vértebra servindo como um amortecedor do impacto. Consegue baixar o esqueleto das guelras, o que permite que engula suas presas inteiras. Sua cabeça mede aproximadamente 2 cm e seus dentes possuem pouco mais que a metade dessa medida.
Huggormsfisk eller sabeltandsfisk (Chauliodus sloani) är en djuphavsfisk som lever i alla tropiska och subtropiska hav ner till 2 500 meters djup. Den ingår i släktet Chauliodus och kan bli 20-35 centimeter lång.
Denna fiskrelaterade artikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
Huggormsfisk eller sabeltandsfisk (Chauliodus sloani) är en djuphavsfisk som lever i alla tropiska och subtropiska hav ner till 2 500 meters djup. Den ingår i släktet Chauliodus och kan bli 20-35 centimeter lång.
Denna fiskrelaterade artikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
蝰鱼（学名：Chauliodus sloani，又稱蓬萊鱛）为輻鰭魚綱巨口魚目巨口鱼科蝰鱼属的鱼类。分布于大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的温热带海域、地中海、台湾本岛以及南海、东海等海域，垂直分布约4700-300米，本魚身體銀虹色，細長的身體，背鰭與較多的連續發光器的位置向前，體長可達35公分，屬肉食性，以魚類及甲殼類為食。该物种的模式产地在直布罗陀。[1]其頭椎的第二節至第七節，再加上以第一節頭椎作吸震，使其口可張開至120度之巨[2]。
蝰鱼（学名：Chauliodus sloani，又稱蓬萊鱛）为輻鰭魚綱巨口魚目巨口鱼科蝰鱼属的鱼类。分布于大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的温热带海域、地中海、台湾本岛以及南海、东海等海域，垂直分布约4700-300米，本魚身體銀虹色，細長的身體，背鰭與較多的連續發光器的位置向前，體長可達35公分，屬肉食性，以魚類及甲殼類為食。该物种的模式产地在直布罗陀。其頭椎的第二節至第七節，再加上以第一節頭椎作吸震，使其口可張開至120度之巨。
ホウライエソ（蓬莱鱛）は、ワニトカゲギス目ホウライエソ科に属する1種。体長35センチメートル。長くのびた背びれで、小魚をおびき寄せる習性を持つ。水深 500–2,500 メートル程度の、温帯から熱帯海域に生息する。
下腹部に発光器が並ぶ。背鰭の前縁が長く延びる。背中の後端にアブラ鰭を持つ。長い牙を具える。特殊な骨格を持ち、頭部を上方に跳ね上げ大きく口を開くことができる。
頭部は大きな牙状の歯が並ぶが、やや肥大化した頭部に比べ、後半部の体は痩身で細い。
「深海のギャング」とも呼ばれ、その長い牙を用いて獲物の生物を捕らえて、上方に跳ね上がる顎の力で獲物を飲み込む。歯は餌の乏しい深海で確実に相手を逃がさないために鋭く、大きくなったと思われる。
似たような牙が発達した魚類として、キンメダイ目のオニキンメがいるが、オニキンメと同様に完全に口を閉じられなくなった程の種もいる。
深海の中層捕食者としての地位を持つが、自身も様々な魚類に捕食されており、ボウエンギョに捕食されていたケースも報告されている。
また、長大な牙が大きすぎる獲物を捕らえた際に、そのまま飲み込めずに餓死する事もあるという。
日本近海には主に二種住む。
後者はホウライエソに似るが、眼の後に涙形の発光器があること、上顎3番目の歯が第4歯よりも大きいことによってホウライエソと区別できる。体長35cmに達する。
この項目は、魚類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然/プロジェクト:生物）。 ホウライエソ（蓬莱鱛）は、ワニトカゲギス目ホウライエソ科に属する1種。体長35センチメートル。長くのびた背びれで、小魚をおびき寄せる習性を持つ。水深 500–2,500 メートル程度の、温帯から熱帯海域に生息する。
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