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Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

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Maximum longevity: 20 years (wild)
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Petrell alablanc ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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El petrell alablanc (Pterodroma leucoptera) és un ocell marí de la família dels procel·làrids (Procellariidae), d'hàbits pelàgics que habita les aigües tropicals i subtropicals del Pacífic Sud. Cria a les illes Fiji, Nova Caledònia i Noves Hèbrides.

Referències

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Petrell alablanc: Brief Summary ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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El petrell alablanc (Pterodroma leucoptera) és un ocell marí de la família dels procel·làrids (Procellariidae), d'hàbits pelàgics que habita les aigües tropicals i subtropicals del Pacífic Sud. Cria a les illes Fiji, Nova Caledònia i Noves Hèbrides.

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Pedryn Gould ( Galce )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Pedryn Gould (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: pedrynnod Gould) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Pterodroma leucoptera; yr enw Saesneg arno yw White-winged petrel. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Pedrynnod (Lladin: Procellariidae) sydd yn urdd y Procellariformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. leucoptera, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]

Teulu

Mae'r pedryn Gould yn perthyn i deulu'r Pedrynnod (Lladin: Procellariidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Oceanodroma jabejabe Oceanodroma jabejabe Oceanodroma macrodactyla Oceanodroma macrodactyla Oceanodroma monteiroi Oceanodroma monteiroi Pedryn Cynffon-fforchog Oceanodroma leucorhoa
Lesp1.jpg
Pedryn drycin Hydrobates pelagicus
Hydrobates pelagicus.jpg
Pedryn drycin cynffonfforchog Oceanodroma furcata
Oceanodroma furcata 1.jpg
Pedryn drycin du Oceanodroma melania
BlackStormPetrels.JPG
Pedryn drycin gyddfwyn Nesofregetta fuliginosa Pedryn drycin Madeira Oceanodroma castro
Band rumped storm petrel Andre Raine KESRP (21789178016).jpg
Pedryn drycin Matsudaira Oceanodroma matsudairae
012016-IMG 5713 Matsudaira's Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma matsudairae) (8005427860).jpg
Pedryn drycin torchog Oceanodroma hornbyi
Hornby storm petrel1a.jpg
Pedryn drycin Tristram Oceanodroma tristrami
Tristams storm petrel.JPG
Pedryn drycin tywyll Oceanodroma markhami
MarkhamSP.jpeg
Pedryn drycin wynebwyn Pelagodroma marina
Godmanstormlg.jpg
Pedryn drycin y Galapagos Oceanodroma tethys
Galapagos storm petrel.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Pedryn Gould: Brief Summary ( Galce )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Pedryn Gould (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: pedrynnod Gould) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Pterodroma leucoptera; yr enw Saesneg arno yw White-winged petrel. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Pedrynnod (Lladin: Procellariidae) sydd yn urdd y Procellariformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. leucoptera, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.

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Buřňák černohlavý ( Çekçe )

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Buřňák černohlavý, též buřňák bělokřídlý (Pterodroma leucoptera), je druh buřňákovitého ptáka z početného rodu Pterodroma, patří sem například buřňák Stejnegerův (P. longirostris), buřňák boninský (P. hypoleuca) nebo buřňák bermudský (P. cahow). Druh poprvé popsal John Gould v roce 1844 a vyskytuje se na ostrovech v okolí Nového Jižního Walesu a na Nové Kaledonii a ve Francouzské Polynésie.

Výskyt a populace

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Letící jedinec
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Ilustrace buřňáků černohlavých od Johna Goulda

Buřňáci černohlaví tráví většinu svého života na moři, v době hnízdění se pak přesouvají na pevninu.

Před rokem 1990 obecně panovala teorie, že tito ptáci žijí pouze na ostrově Cabbage Tree Island a v jeho okolí. Tento ostrov se nachází nedaleko Nového Jižního Walesu v Austrálii. Později byla objevena i malé kolonie na sousedním ostrově Boondelbah Island, kde byla zřízena malá vesnička, kde se buřňáci mohli rozmnožovat v uměle vytvořených budkách. Populace se ale postupem let snižovaly, především kvůli přemnoženým králíkům, až bylo roku 2009 nalezeno jediné vejce na ostrově Broughton Island. Populace buřňáků ohrožují lišky, krysy, kočky a psi domácí.

Nominátní poddruh obývá ostrovy Cabbage Tree Island, Boondelbah Island, Broughton Island, Little Broughton Island a Montague Island. Druhý poddruh hnízdí na strmých stráních Nové Kaledonie. Malé kolonie se nachází ve Francouzské Polynésii a na ostrově Raivavae.

Popis

Buřňáci černohlaví, též bělokřídlí, jsou malí mořští ptáci. Dospělí jedinci jsou dlouzí 30 cm a rozpětí jejich křídel činí přibližně 70 cm. Váží 180–200 g, přičemž samci jsou obecně těžší a mohutnější, než samice. Mimo to jsou ale obě pohlaví naprosto totožná. Mají bílé dolní partie, zatímco horní partie jsou tmavě hnědé až černé. Tito ptáci mají úzká křídla, krátký zakulacený ocas a černou hlavu s bílou obličejovou částí.

Tito ptáci se živí hlavonožci a malými druhy ryb. Obecně není o jejich stravování příliš známo, ale v lovu bývají úspěšní.[2] Jsou monogamní a páry si mezi sebou vytváří pevná pouta. Přesný věk, kdy dosahují pohlavní dospělosti není znám, ale pohybuje se okolo 11 let.[3] Na ostrově Cabbage Tree Island většinou hnízdí páry mezi kameny, pod spadaným listím, nebo v dutých kmenech. Buřňáci se běžně dožívají věku přibližně 23 let.[3]

Taxonomie

Druh buřňák černohlavý byl poprvé popsán britským ornitologem Johnem Gouldem roku 1844. Ten jej pojmenoval po mořeplavci Jamesi Cookovi: buřňák Cookův (Procellaria cookii). Roku 1865 přeřadil druh do rodu Aestrelata a přidal současný druhový název leucoptera. Ani toto řazení ale neodpovídá tomu současnému: později byl buřňák černohlavý opět přesunut, tentokrát do rodu Pterodroma.

V současné době jsou uznávány dva poddruhy: nominátní Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera a poddruh Pterodroma leucoptera caledonica. Nominátní poddruh se množí na několika malých ostrovech poblíž Nového Jižního Walesu (Austrálie), především na ostrově Cabbage Tree Island, kde se nachází i Přírodní rezervace Johna Goulda. Poddruh Pterodroma leucoptera caledonica, jak trinomický název napovídá, obývá Novou Kaledonii a oproti nominátnímu poddruhu se liší mohutnějším zobákem a sníženou pigmentací na spodní straně křídel i obličeji.

Někteří ornitologové spojují druhy buřňák černohlavý a buřňák límcový (P. brevipes) dohromady, avšak současné řazení je uvádí jako dva samostatné druhy.[4][5]

Odkazy

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Gould's petrel na anglické Wikipedii.

  1. Červený seznam IUCN 2018.1. 5. července 2018. Dostupné online. [cit. 2018-08-10]
  2. O’DWYER, T.W.; BUTTEMER, W.A.; PRIDDEL, D.M. Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould’s petrels: are better feeders better breeders?. Australian Journal of Zoology. 2007-01-01, roč. 55, čís. 3, s. 155–160. Dostupné online [cit. 2016-06-28]. DOI:10.1071/zo07005.
  3. a b PRIDDEL, D; CARLILE, N; DAVEY, C. The status of Gould's petrel, Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera, on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales. Wildlife Research. 1995-01-01, roč. 22, čís. 5, s. 601–609. Dostupné online [cit. 2016-06-28]. DOI:10.1071/wr9950601.
  4. POŘÍZ, Jindřich. Buřňák černohlavý [online]. BioLib, 2007-12-05 [cit. 2016-06-28]. Dostupné online.
  5. MARCHANT, S.; HIGGINS, Peter Jeffrey; AMBROSE, S. J. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds. [s.l.]: Oxford University Press 1094 s. Dostupné online. ISBN 9780195558845. (anglicky)

Externí odkazy

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Buřňák černohlavý: Brief Summary ( Çekçe )

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Buřňák černohlavý, též buřňák bělokřídlý (Pterodroma leucoptera), je druh buřňákovitého ptáka z početného rodu Pterodroma, patří sem například buřňák Stejnegerův (P. longirostris), buřňák boninský (P. hypoleuca) nebo buřňák bermudský (P. cahow). Druh poprvé popsal John Gould v roce 1844 a vyskytuje se na ostrovech v okolí Nového Jižního Walesu a na Nové Kaledonii a ve Francouzské Polynésie.

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Weißflügel-Sturmvogel ( Almanca )

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 src=
Der Titel dieses Artikels ist mehrdeutig. Weitere Bedeutungen sind unter Weißflügel-Sturmvogel (Begriffsklärung) aufgeführt.

Der Weißflügel-Sturmvogel[1] (Pterodroma leucoptera) ist ein Sturmvogel der umfangreichen Gattung der Hakensturmtaucher.

Es sind zwei Unterarten des Weißflügel-Sturmvogels anerkannt; Pt. l. leucoptera und Pt. l. caledonica.[2]

Erscheinungsbild

Weißflügel-Sturmvögel werden im Schnitt etwa 29 cm groß und 175 g schwer. Die Flügelspannweite beträgt etwa 70 cm. Sie weisen eine schwarze Kappe auf, die sich über die Augenpartien, den Nacken und den Hals erstreckt, wo sich diese etwas nach unten zieht. Ansonsten ist die Oberseite der Vögel grau mit einem dunkelgrauen V-förmigen Muster. Die Unterseite des Vogels ist größtenteils weiß. Die Flügelränder sind dunkel und ein dunkler, schmaler werdender Balken zieht sich von den Flügelspitzen Richtung Körpermitte. Der Schwanz ist kurz und rund.[3]

Verbreitung

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiet[4]

Die Unterart Pt. l. leucoptera brütet auf Cabbage Tree Island und auf Boondelbah Island, zwei zu New South Wales gehörenden benachbarte Inseln an der australischen Küste. Ursprünglich brüteten die Vögel nur auf Cabbage Tree Island. Nachdem einige Vögel 1995 von selbst auf Boondelbah Island brüteten, erfolgte 1999 und 2000 die Umsiedlung mehrerer hundert Küken von Cabbage Tree Island nach Boondelbah Island, um einen zweiten Niststandort zu etablieren und die Art zu sichern.[5] Die Etablierung des zweiten Brutstandortes verlief erfolgreich.

Die Unterart Pt. l. caledonica brütet in Neukaledonien.

Während der Brutzeit sind nichtbrütende Vögel im Bereich der Tasmansee von Tasmanien bis zur Foveauxstraße in Süd-Neuseeland anzutreffen. Von Juli bis Oktober wandern die Vögel in den tropischen Ost-Pazifik, besonders in den Bereich der Galapagos-Inseln.[3]

Die Art wird von der IUCN auf der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten als vulnerable (engl. für gefährdet) eingestuft.[6]

Belege

  1. IOC World Bird List, Multilingual Version, Januar 2018
  2. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, August 2017
  3. a b Barrie Heather, Hugh Robertson: The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Penguin Book, 2015, ISBN 978-0-143-57092-9, S. 256f
  4. Pterodroma leucoptera. In: BirdLife International (Hrsg.): The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. e.T22697970A132615952, 2018, ISSN 2307-8235, doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697970A132615952.en (englisch).
  5. Gould's Petrel Recovery Plan, Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), 2006
  6. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3.

Weblinks

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Weißflügel-Sturmvogel: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

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 src= Der Titel dieses Artikels ist mehrdeutig. Weitere Bedeutungen sind unter Weißflügel-Sturmvogel (Begriffsklärung) aufgeführt.

Der Weißflügel-Sturmvogel (Pterodroma leucoptera) ist ein Sturmvogel der umfangreichen Gattung der Hakensturmtaucher.

Es sind zwei Unterarten des Weißflügel-Sturmvogels anerkannt; Pt. l. leucoptera und Pt. l. caledonica.

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Gould's petrel ( İngilizce )

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Gould's Petrel-off Southport Qld-15April2012.jpg

Gould's petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera) is a species of seabird in the family Procellariidae. The common name commemorates the English ornithologist and bird artist John Gould (1804–1881).[2]

Description

Gould's petrel is a small gadfly petrel, white below and dark brown and grey above.[3] The species is classified within the subgenus Cookilaria, all members of which have a dark M pattern across the upper wings.[4] Gould's petrel has long narrow wings, a short rounded tail and the head is noticeably dark, with a white forehead and face. Gould's petrel is 30 cm in length with a wingspan of 70 cm and weighs 180–200 g. Males are slightly larger than females.[5]

Taxonomy

There are two subspecies of Gould's petrel. The nominate subspecies (Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera) breeds on several small islands off the New South Wales coast in Australia, but primarily on Cabbage Tree Island (John Gould Nature Reserve). The other subspecies (P. l. caledonica) breeds on New Caledonia and differs from the nominate subspecies in being slightly larger in morphological measurements, and having a more robust bill, paler back and sides of the breast, reduced pigmentation on the underside of the wing, and a white or mainly white inner vane of the outer rectrix [6]

Some authorities regard the collared petrel (P. brevipes) as another subspecies of Gould's petrel and some raise the New Caledonian petrel to species status and regard the three taxa as a superspecies.[7]

Name

Gould's petrel is sometimes known as the white-winged petrel, but as other closely related gadfly petrels have considerably more white on the underwing the former name is preferred.[8] Gould's petrel is the name chosen by W.B. Alexander in his classic work Birds of the Ocean.[9]

Gould described this bird in 1844, naming it Cook's petrel (Procellaria cookii) after James Cook.[10] In his 1865 Handbook he changed the name to white-winged petrel (Aestrelata leucoptera).[11]

Today it is known as Gould's petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera).

Gould's petrel illustrated by John Gould with Cabbage Tree Island in the background

Distribution

Gould's petrels spend most of their life at sea and come ashore only to breed.[12]

Prior to the 1990s it was thought that the Australian subspecies of Gould's petrel bred only on Cabbage Tree Island off Port Stephens in New South Wales. After the discovery of a small number of breeding pairs on neighbouring Boondelbah Island, translocation of 200 chicks in 1999 and 2000 has established a small satellite colony which breeds in artificial nest boxes that were installed prior to the first translocation .[13] In December 2009, just one month after it had been confirmed that rabbits had been eliminated from Cabbage Tree Island, one single Gould's petrel was found incubating an egg on another nearby island, Broughton Island.[14]

Today, the nominate subspecies breeds on at least five islands off New South Wales (Cabbage Tree Island, Boondelbah Island, Broughton Island, Little Broughton Island, and Montague Island). The New Caledonian subspecies breeds on New Caledonia on steep forested valleys on the central mountain chain, from 350–500 metres above sea level between Mountains Dzumac and Poya. There is also a small colony on Raivavae in French Polynesia.[15]

Both subspecies forage in the Tasman Sea during the breeding season and may venture as far west as the Indian Ocean south of south-western Western Australia before laying. After breeding, Gould's petrel migrates to the central (P. l. leucoptera) and eastern (P. l. caledonica) Pacific Ocean.[16]

Gould's petrels (of unknown subspecies) were sighted in December 1994 in waters south of Western Australia. It is deduced that these were not breeding birds, because in December breeding birds are incubating (see Life history below), and these waters are too far from the breeding colonies for a foraging trip.[17]

Diet

Little is known about the diet or feeding behaviour of Gould's petrels. We do know that they eat small cephalopods and fish, and that variation in foraging success is substantial.[18]

Procellariiforms go without food during often lengthy incubation shifts.[19]

Life history

Gadfly petrels have relatively long breeding seasons. They are generally monogamous and form long-term pair bonds.[20]

While most petrels nest in burrows, as do the Gould's petrels on New Caledonia, the Australian subspecies of Gould's petrel does not. On Cabbage Tree Island, they nest in amongst rocks and boulders, under fallen palm fronds, in hollow trunks of fallen palms and between buttresses of fig trees.[21]

On Cabbage Tree Island, birds arrive in mid-October to secure their nest site and reunite with their mate. In November they return to sea for 2–3 weeks (the 'pre-laying exodus'). The single egg (which is not replaced if lost) is laid between 18 November and 10 December. Incubation is undertaken by both parents and takes 6–7 weeks. Males undertake the first shift which can be as long as 17 days. Females then take over for a shorter shift. Finally, males take the final shift until the egg hatches, usually in January. The chick reaches a maximum body mass that is often more than 130% of adult body mass. The young fledge in April to May at 80–100 days of age and a body mass of 160–180 g.[22]

The age at which Gould's petrels commence breeding is unknown. The youngest bird of the Australian subspecies known to breed was 12 years of age.[23] Young birds are thought to spend the first 5–6 years at sea before starting to breed. However, during this time they do return to their natal breeding colony to establish pair-bonds and to learn courtship and breeding skills.[24]

The longevity of Gould's petrel is unknown. The oldest known member of the Australian subspecies was at least 23 years old.[25]

Population decline

In the early 1990s the breeding population of the Australian subspecies was fewer than 250 pairs. Breeding success was less than 20% and fewer than 50 young fledged each year. Each year more adults died than chicks fledged successfully.[26] In 1992 scientists estimated that the population had declined by 26% over the previous 22 years.[27]

Research revealed that the major problems threatening processes were (a) sticky fruit of the birdlime tree (Pisonia umbellifera) which immobilised birds; (b) predation by pied currawongs (Strepera graculina) [28] and (c) habitat degradation caused by grazing of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Rabbits had eaten the undergrowth allowing sticky birdlime fruit to fall to the ground, so birds, both adults and chicks, were exposed to fruit which would otherwise have been entangled in shrubbery.[29]

Management on Cabbage Tree Island

Population decline was unsustainable and intervention was required. In 1993 birdlime trees in the nesting colony were removed and pied currawongs were culled. Rabbits were eradicated from the island in 1997. Fledging success increased from fewer than 50 to more than 450 per annum and the number of breeding adults increased to over 1,000 pairs.[30]

Removal of Pisonia umbellifera seedlings within the breeding colonies and culling of pied currawongs is undertaken periodically. Annual surveys estimate the size of the breeding population, breeding success and the number of fledglings produced. Because birds were monitored closely there was concern that ornithologists' intrusion could upset the birds and affect breeding success. However, this does not appear to be the case. In one study conducted in 2000/01, the breeding success of birds handled regularly during incubation was higher than for the colony as a whole.[31]

Having just one population was deemed an unacceptable risk, so nest boxes were developed and chicks were translocated to nearby Boondelbah Island. Most seabirds are strongly philopatric, so translocating chicks is difficult. Young must be moved before fledging. They are taken away from parental care and fed artificially. Gould's petrels breed less synchronously than many other seabirds: each stage of egg-laying, hatching and fledging takes place over a period of 6–7 weeks. Scientists had to determine the optimum time to translocate chicks: young enough so that they had not yet imprinted on their natal site but old enough to maximise survival in the absence of parental care.[32]

Conservation status

Active conservation management for the Australian subspecies of Gould's petrel has been so successful that the conservation status of the subspecies has been down-graded from endangered to vulnerable. In 2010, the total population of the Australian subspecies was estimated to be 2,500 individuals and increasing.[33]

At the same time, the population of the New Caledonian subspecies was estimated at 10,000 individuals and decreasing. However, this number is no more than an estimate and scientists do not have high confidence that it is correct.[34]

The New Caledonian subspecies is also classified as vulnerable because of its restricted geographic breeding range.[35]

Threats

The main threats to the nominate subspecies are the introduction of feral predators (cats (Felis catus), black rats (Rattus rattus), foxes (Vulpes vulpes) or dogs (Canus familiaris)) or wild fire, particularly in December when birds are incubating. Because of their chosen precarious nesting habits, accidental egg breakage is not unusual.[36]

The major threat to the New Caledonian subspecies is introduced predators within the breeding colonies. Introduced pigs (Sus scrofa) dig up burrows and black rats prey on birds and eggs. In addition, adults are killed at night when they fly into lights on Nouméa.[37]

Threats to Gould's petrels at sea are unknown; though they are not known to be affected directly by long-line fishing operations.

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Pterodroma leucoptera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22697970A132615952. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697970A132615952.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003). Whose Bird? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 145–146.
  3. ^ Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (1990) Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds Vol I Part A
  4. ^ Onley, Derek and Scofield, Paul (2007) Albatrosses, Petrels and Shearwaters of the World. London: Christopher Helm.
  5. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W.; Buttemer, W.A.; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders?". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  6. ^ Imber, J.J.; Jenkins, J.A.F. (1981). "The New Caledonian Petrel". Notornis. 28: 149–160.
  7. ^ Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (1990) Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds Vol I Part A
  8. ^ Hindwood, K.A.; Serventy, D.L. (1941). "The Gould Petrel of Cabbage Tree Island". The Emu. XLI: 1–20. doi:10.1071/mu941001.
  9. ^ Alexander, W.B. (1928) Birds of the Ocean. New York. p. 48
  10. ^ Gould, John (1844) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vol XIII May 1, p. 364
  11. ^ Gould, John (1865) Handbook to the Birds of Australia. Vol 2, p. 454.
  12. ^ Priddel, D.; Carlile, N. (1997). "Conservation of the endangered Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera.". Pacific Conservation Biology. 3 (4): 322–29. doi:10.1071/PC980322.
  13. ^ Priddel, D.; Carlile, N. (1997). "Boondelbah Island confirmed as a second breeding locality for Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera.". Emu. 97: 245–248. doi:10.1071/MU97032 (inactive 31 December 2022).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2022 (link)
  14. ^ Priddel, D. et al. (2011) Pages 337-344 in Veitch, C.R., Clout, M.N. and Towns, D.R. (eds) Island invasives: eradication and management. IUCN. Gland, Switzerland.
  15. ^ Garnett, S.T., Szabo, J.K. and Dutson, G. (2011) The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010 Collingwood. CSIRO Publishing.
  16. ^ Priddel, David; et al. (2014). "Pelagic distribution of Gould's Petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera): linking shipboard and onshore observations with remote-tracking data. -" (PDF). Emu. 114 (4): 360–370. doi:10.1071/mu14021. S2CID 54922364.
  17. ^ Surman, C.A.; Cheshire, N.G.; Wooller, R.D. (1997). "Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera off south-western Western Australia". Marine Ornithology. 25: 70–71.
  18. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W.; Buttemer, W.A.; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders?". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  19. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W. Buttmmer; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders? -". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  20. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W. Buttmmer; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders?". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  21. ^ Hindwood, K.A.; Serventy, D.L. (1941). "The Gould Petrel of Cabbage Tree Island". The Emu. XLI: 1–20. doi:10.1071/mu941001.
  22. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W. Buttmmer; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders?". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  23. ^ Pridell, D.; et al. (1995). "The status of Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales". Wildl. Res. 22 (5): 601–10. doi:10.1071/wr9950601.
  24. ^ Priddel, D.; Carlile, N. (2001). "A trial translocation of Gould's Petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera)". Emu. 101: 79–88. doi:10.1071/MU00059. S2CID 82054227.
  25. ^ Priddel, D; et al. (1995). "The status of Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales". Wildl. Res. 22 (5): 601–10. doi:10.1071/wr9950601.
  26. ^ Priddel, D. and Carlile, N. (2009) Key elements in achieving a successful recovery programme: A discussion illustrated by the Gould's Petrel case study. Ecological Management and Restoration Vol 10 No S1 May 2009
  27. ^ Priddel, D.; Carlile, N (2007). "Population Size and Breeding Success of Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales 1996-97 to 2005-06". Corella. 31 (3/4): 79–82.
  28. ^ Priddell, D.; Carlile, N. (1995). "Mortality of Adult Gould's Petrels Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera at the Nesting Site on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales". Emu. 95 (4): 259–264. doi:10.1071/mu9950259.
  29. ^ Priddel, D and Carlile, N. (2009) Key elements in achieving a successful recovery programme: A discussion illustrated by the Gould's Petrel case study. - Ecological Management and Restoration Vol 10 No S1 May 2009
  30. ^ Priddel, D and Carlile, N. (2009) Key elements in achieving a successful recovery programme: A discussion illustrated by the Gould's Petrel case study. - Ecological Management and Restoration Vol 10 No S1 May 2009
  31. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W.; Buttemer, W.A.; Priddel, D.M. (2006). "Investigator disturbance does not influence chick growth or survivorship in the threatened Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera". Ibis. 148 (2): 368–372. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.2006.00526.x.
  32. ^ Priddel, D.; Carlile, N. (2001). "A trial translocation of Gould's Petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera)". Emu. 101: 79–88. doi:10.1071/MU00059. S2CID 82054227.
  33. ^ Garnett, S.T., Szabo, J.K. and Dutson, G. (2011). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. Collingwood. CSIRO Publishing
  34. ^ Garnett, S.T., Szabo, J.K. and Dutson, G. (2011). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. Collingwood. CSIRO Publishing
  35. ^ Garnett, S.T., Szabo, J.K. and Dutson, G. (2011). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. Collingwood. CSIRO Publishing
  36. ^ O'Dwyer, T.W.; Buttemer, W.A.; Priddel, D.M. (2007). "Differential rates of offspring provisioning in Gould's petrels: are better feeders better breeders? -". Australian Journal of Zoology. 55 (3): 155–160. doi:10.1071/zo07005.
  37. ^ Garnett, S.T., Szabo, J.K. and Dutson, G. (2011). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. Collingwood. CSIRO Publishing
  • BirdLife International (2011) Species factsheet: Pterodroma leucoptera. [1] Archived 2012-10-08 at the Wayback Machine Accessed on 31 October 2011.

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Gould's petrel: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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Gould's Petrel-off Southport Qld-15April2012.jpg

Gould's petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera) is a species of seabird in the family Procellariidae. The common name commemorates the English ornithologist and bird artist John Gould (1804–1881).

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Blankaflugila petrelo ( Esperanto )

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La Blankaflugila petreloPetrelo de Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera) estas specio de marbirdo de la familio de Procelariedoj kaj genro de burdopetreloj. Temas pri malgranda petrelo, 30 cm longa kun enverguro de ĉirkaŭ 70 cm. Ĝi estas tre griza supre kaj blanka sube kun tre rimarkinda areo de nigrecaj krono kaj nuko kaj nigra bendomarko kun formo de litero M tra la bordo de flugiloj kaj pugo. La latina scienca nomo por la specio nome leucoptera aludas same kiel la komuna nomo al la blankaj flugiloj, ĉar tiu estas kunmetaĵo de du radikoj el la antikva greka signife respektive blankaj kaj flugiloj.

La subspecio P. l. leucoptera reproduktiĝas sur la Insulo Cabbage Tree en Novsudkimrio, Aŭstralio, dum P. l. caledonicus reproduktiĝas en Novkaledonio kaj eble en Vanuatuo kaj en Raivavae en Franca Polinezio. La Kolumpetrelo (P. brevipes) estis foje konsiderata tria subspecio sed ĝi estas plej ofte disigita kiel separata specio.

En Novkaledonio ĝi nestumas en nestotruoj sur krutaj montodeklivoj. Sur la insulo Cabbage Tree ĝi nestumas inter roko aŭ inter radikoj kaj falitaj palmofolioj de Aŭstrala livistono. For de la reprodukta sezono, ili disiĝas al malfermaj maroj de subtropika kaj tropika Pacifiko, loĝante tiom for oriente ĝis la Galapagoj.

Ĝi estas minacata de enmetitaj predantoj kiaj ratoj, katoj kaj porkoj. Sur la insulo Cabbage Tree, paŝtado fare de kunikloj ŝanĝis la vegetaĵaron, kio lasis la birdojn pli vundeblaj al predado. La Blankaflugilaj petreloj estis rekondukitaj el la bordo de la formorto danke al programoj pri plagaj nuligoj sur la insulo Cabbage Tree kaj oni starigis programon por translokigo kiu setligis duan populacion sur la najbara insulo Boondelbah. La sciencaj klopodoj por savi tiun specion estis apogitaj de la aŭstralia organizo Fondaĵo por Naciaj Parkoj kaj Naturo. [1].

Danke al la rekuperaj programoj por tiu specio, la Blankaflugila petrelo estis la unua aŭstralia birdospecio kiu estis subenlistita el statuso Endanĝerita al Vundita laŭ la leĝaro de Novsudkimrio. [2]

Referencoj

  • BirdLife International (2011) Species factsheet: Pterodroma leucoptera. [3] Alirita la 31an de oktobro 2011.
  • ICUN Ruĝa Listo de Minacataj Specioj 2008. [4] Alirita la 31an de oktobro 2011.

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Blankaflugila petrelo: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

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La Blankaflugila petrelo aŭ Petrelo de Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera) estas specio de marbirdo de la familio de Procelariedoj kaj genro de burdopetreloj. Temas pri malgranda petrelo, 30 cm longa kun enverguro de ĉirkaŭ 70 cm. Ĝi estas tre griza supre kaj blanka sube kun tre rimarkinda areo de nigrecaj krono kaj nuko kaj nigra bendomarko kun formo de litero M tra la bordo de flugiloj kaj pugo. La latina scienca nomo por la specio nome leucoptera aludas same kiel la komuna nomo al la blankaj flugiloj, ĉar tiu estas kunmetaĵo de du radikoj el la antikva greka signife respektive blankaj kaj flugiloj.

La subspecio P. l. leucoptera reproduktiĝas sur la Insulo Cabbage Tree en Novsudkimrio, Aŭstralio, dum P. l. caledonicus reproduktiĝas en Novkaledonio kaj eble en Vanuatuo kaj en Raivavae en Franca Polinezio. La Kolumpetrelo (P. brevipes) estis foje konsiderata tria subspecio sed ĝi estas plej ofte disigita kiel separata specio.

En Novkaledonio ĝi nestumas en nestotruoj sur krutaj montodeklivoj. Sur la insulo Cabbage Tree ĝi nestumas inter roko aŭ inter radikoj kaj falitaj palmofolioj de Aŭstrala livistono. For de la reprodukta sezono, ili disiĝas al malfermaj maroj de subtropika kaj tropika Pacifiko, loĝante tiom for oriente ĝis la Galapagoj.

Ĝi estas minacata de enmetitaj predantoj kiaj ratoj, katoj kaj porkoj. Sur la insulo Cabbage Tree, paŝtado fare de kunikloj ŝanĝis la vegetaĵaron, kio lasis la birdojn pli vundeblaj al predado. La Blankaflugilaj petreloj estis rekondukitaj el la bordo de la formorto danke al programoj pri plagaj nuligoj sur la insulo Cabbage Tree kaj oni starigis programon por translokigo kiu setligis duan populacion sur la najbara insulo Boondelbah. La sciencaj klopodoj por savi tiun specion estis apogitaj de la aŭstralia organizo Fondaĵo por Naciaj Parkoj kaj Naturo. [1].

Danke al la rekuperaj programoj por tiu specio, la Blankaflugila petrelo estis la unua aŭstralia birdospecio kiu estis subenlistita el statuso Endanĝerita al Vundita laŭ la leĝaro de Novsudkimrio. [2]

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Pterodroma leucoptera ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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La fardela gris (Pterodroma leucoptera), también denominada petrel de Gould,[2]​ es una especie de ave procelariforme de la familia de los proceláridos y del género Pterodroma. Se reproduce en islas del océano Pacífico sur.

Taxonomía

Esta especie fue descrita originalmente por el naturalista y ornitólogo inglés John Gould en el año 1844, bajo el nombre científico de: Procellaria leucoptera. Su localidad tipo es: «Cabbage Tree Island, Port Stephens, Nueva Gales del Sur».

Forma parte del conjunto de especies relacionadas con las que se las ha agrupado en el subgénero denominado Cookilaria.[3]​ Podría formar una superespecie con Pterodroma longirostris, Pterodroma pycrofti, y tal vez Pterodroma hypoleuca. A la subespecie Pterodroma leucoptera brevipes algunos autores la tratan como una buena especie: Pterodroma brevipes.

Subespecies y distribución

Esta especie se subdivide en 3 subespecies:[4]

Conservación

Pterodroma leucoptera está categorizada como «vulnerable» en la Lista Roja de especies amenazadas que crea y difunde la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN).[1]

La población mundial se ha estimado entre 3000 y 21 000 ejemplares, lo que más o menos resultan equivalentes a entre 2000 y 14 000 individuos en calidad de reproducirse.[5][6]

Referencias

  1. a b BirdLife International (2012). IUCN, ed. «Pterodroma leucoptera». 2012.1 (en inglés). Archivado desde el original el 28 de septiembre de 2013. Consultado el 3 de febrero de 2013.
  2. «Pterodroma leucoptera». avibase. Consultado el 3 de febrero de 2013.
  3. Roberson, D.; Bailey, S. F. (1991). Cookilaria Petrels in the eastern Pacific Ocean. American Birds 45: 1067-1081.
  4. Pterodroma leucoptera en The Internet Bird Collection.
  5. Garnett, S. T.; and Crowley, G. M. (2000). The action plan for Australian birds 2000. Environment Australia, Canberra.
  6. Priddel, D.; Carlile, N. 2007. Population size and breeding success of Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales: 1996-97 to 2005-06. Corella 31(3/4): 79-82.

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Pterodroma leucoptera: Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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La fardela gris (Pterodroma leucoptera), también denominada petrel de Gould,​ es una especie de ave procelariforme de la familia de los proceláridos y del género Pterodroma. Se reproduce en islas del océano Pacífico sur.

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Petrel hegalzuri ( Baskça )

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Petrel hegalzuria (Pterodroma leucoptera) Pterodroma generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Procellariidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Petrel hegalzuri: Brief Summary ( Baskça )

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Petrel hegalzuria (Pterodroma leucoptera) Pterodroma generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Procellariidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Uudenkaledonianviistäjä ( Fince )

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Uudenkaledonianviistäjä (Pterodroma leucoptera) on ulappaliitäjien heimoon kuuluva valtamerilintu. Sen esiintymisalue käsittää Australian Uuden Etelä-Walesin edustan kaksi saarta, Cabbage Tree Islandin ja Boondelbahin, ainakin kuusi yhdyskuntaa Uudessa-Kaledoniassa sekä Australsaarten Raivavaen. Lajista tunnetaan kaksi alalajia. Populaation koko on 1 000–10 000 paria. John Gould kuvaili lajin holotyypin Cabbage Tree Islandilta vuonna 1844.[2]

Lähteet

  1. BirdLife International: Pterodroma leucoptera IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. 2012. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 17.6.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. IBC (englanniksi)
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Uudenkaledonianviistäjä: Brief Summary ( Fince )

wikipedia FI tarafından sağlandı

Uudenkaledonianviistäjä (Pterodroma leucoptera) on ulappaliitäjien heimoon kuuluva valtamerilintu. Sen esiintymisalue käsittää Australian Uuden Etelä-Walesin edustan kaksi saarta, Cabbage Tree Islandin ja Boondelbahin, ainakin kuusi yhdyskuntaa Uudessa-Kaledoniassa sekä Australsaarten Raivavaen. Lajista tunnetaan kaksi alalajia. Populaation koko on 1 000–10 000 paria. John Gould kuvaili lajin holotyypin Cabbage Tree Islandilta vuonna 1844.

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Pétrel de Gould ( Fransızca )

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Pterodroma leucoptera

Le Pétrel de Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Procellariidae.

Répartition

Cette espèce vit dans l'océan Pacifique.

Annexes

Références taxinomiques

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Pétrel de Gould: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Pterodroma leucoptera

Le Pétrel de Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Procellariidae.

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Gouldova burnica ( Hırvatça )

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Gouldova burnica (lat. Pterodroma leucoptera) je vrsta morske ptice iz porodice zovoja. Mala je, duga je 30 cm, s rasponom krila oko 70 cm. Bjelosive je boje.

Ima dvije podvrste. P. l. leucoptera gnijezdi se na otoku Cabbage Tree u Novi Južni Wales|Novom Južnom Walesu, dok se P. l. caledonicus gnijezdi u Novoj Kaledoniji i moguće u Vanuatuu i na otoku Raivavae.

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Pterodroma leucoptera ( İtalyanca )

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Il petrello alibianche, anche petrello di Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844)) è un uccello della famiglia Procellariidae.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) BirdLife International 2012, Pterodroma leucoptera, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.

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Pterodroma leucoptera: Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

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Il petrello alibianche, anche petrello di Gould (Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844)) è un uccello della famiglia Procellariidae.

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Goulds stormvogel ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Vogels

Goulds stormvogel (Pterodroma leucoptera) is een vogel uit de familie van de stormvogels en pijlstormvogels (Procellariidae). Het is een kwetsbare, zeevogelsoort die broedt op eilanden bij Australië en het eiland Nieuw-Caledonië. In veel talen wordt de vogel vernoemd naar de ornitholoog John Gould.

Kenmerken

 src=
Goulds stormvogel in vlucht

De vogel is 30 cm lang. Het is een relatief kleine stormvogel met een wit voorhoofd en daarachter een bruingrijze kap die reikt tot de "wangen". Van boven is de vogel grijs met een duidelijk donker patroon in de vorm van een hoofdletter "M". De ondervleugel s voornamelijk wit, met een smalle donkere band over de voorkant van de vleugel en donkere vleugelpunten.[1]

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort telt twee ondersoorten:

  • P. l. leucoptera: Cabbage Tree Island (en Boondelbah-eiland, Australië).
  • P. l. caledonica: Nieuw-Caledonië.

De vogel broedt in kolonies van 10 tot 50 paar op steile, beboste, rotsige hellingen in spleten en holen. Op Nieuw-Caledonië op hoogten tussen 350 en 650 m boven zeeniveau, bij Australië onder palmbomen (Livistona australis). Buiten de broedtijd verblijven de vogels op het midden van de Grote Oceaan tussen Australië en het noordwesten van Zuid-Amerika. Daar fourageren ze op inktvissen, kreeftachtigen en kleine vis.[1]

Status

Goulds stormvogel heeft een beperkt broedgebied en daardoor is de kans op uitsterven aanwezig. De grootte van de populatie werd op grond van publicaties uit 2000 en 2009 geschat op 2 tot 14 duizend volwassen individuen en de populatie-aantallen nemen af door habitatverlies in de broedgebieden. Het broedgebied op Cabbage Tree Island wordt aangetast door vraat door konijnen, waardoor de vegetatie verandert en de broedvogels kwetsbaarder worden voor predatie door kraaiachtige vogels zoals de bonte klauwierkraai (Strepera graculina) en de Australische raaf (Corvus coronoides). De kolonies op Nieuw Caledonië zijn minder goed onderzocht, deze ondersoort is pas sinds 1981 bekend. Mogelijk zijn er nog kolonies op de zuidelijke eilanden van Vanuatu. De broedkolonies op N. Caledonië worden bezocht door zwarte ratten die kuikens en eieren aanvreten en stadsuitbreiding met straatverlichting hindert vogels om bij de broedkolonies te komen. Om deze redenen staat deze soort als kwetsbaar op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Goulds stormvogel: Brief Summary ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı

Goulds stormvogel (Pterodroma leucoptera) is een vogel uit de familie van de stormvogels en pijlstormvogels (Procellariidae). Het is een kwetsbare, zeevogelsoort die broedt op eilanden bij Australië en het eiland Nieuw-Caledonië. In veel talen wordt de vogel vernoemd naar de ornitholoog John Gould.

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Pterodroma leucoptera ( Portekizce )

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A grazina de Gould ou freira de garganta branca (Pterodroma leucoptera) é uma espécie de ave marinha da família Procellariidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Samoa Americana, Antarctica, Austrália, the Ilhas Cook, Polinésia Francesa, Nova Caledónia, Nova Zelândia, Niue, Ilha Norfolk, Peru, Pitcairn e Wallis e Futuna Islands.[1]

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude e mar aberto.[1]

Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.[1]

Referências

  1. a b c d (em inglês) BirdLife International 2005. petrel%20leucoptera Pterodroma leucoptera. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Dados de 24 de Julho de 2007.
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Pterodroma leucoptera: Brief Summary ( Portekizce )

wikipedia PT tarafından sağlandı

A grazina de Gould ou freira de garganta branca (Pterodroma leucoptera) é uma espécie de ave marinha da família Procellariidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Samoa Americana, Antarctica, Austrália, the Ilhas Cook, Polinésia Francesa, Nova Caledónia, Nova Zelândia, Niue, Ilha Norfolk, Peru, Pitcairn e Wallis e Futuna Islands.

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude e mar aberto.

Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.

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Vitvingad petrell ( İsveççe )

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Vitvingad petrell[2] (Pterodroma leucoptera) är en fågel i familjen liror inom ordningen stormfåglar.[3]

Utbredning och systematik

Vitvingad petrell delas in i två distinkta underarter:[3]

  • Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera – häckar på Cabbage Tree Island utanför östra Australien, och har ett utbredningsområde utanför häckningstid som sträcker sig över södra Stilla Havet.
  • Pterodroma leucoptera caledonica – häckar på Nya Kaledonien.

Tidigare betraktades halsbandspetrell (P. brevipes) ingå som underart, men den har nu urskilts som egen art.

Status

IUCN kategoriserar arten som sårbar.[1]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Pterodroma leucoptera Från: IUCN 2014. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2015-01-26.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-11-10
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2014) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2015-01-01

Externa länkar

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Vitvingad petrell: Brief Summary ( İsveççe )

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Vitvingad petrell (Pterodroma leucoptera) är en fågel i familjen liror inom ordningen stormfåglar.

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Pterodroma leucoptera ( Vietnamca )

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Pterodroma leucoptera là một loài chim trong họ Procellariidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến chim này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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wikipedia VI

Pterodroma leucoptera: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

wikipedia VI tarafından sağlandı

Pterodroma leucoptera là một loài chim trong họ Procellariidae.

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wikipedia VI

Breeding Category ( İngilizce )

World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
Vagrant

Referans

Woehler E.J. (compiler) 2006. Species list prepared for SCAR/IUCN/BirdLife International Workshop on Antarctic Regional Seabird Populations, March 2005, Cambridge, UK.

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Katkıda bulunan
Charbonneau, Danny [email]

IUCN Red List Category ( İngilizce )

World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
Vulnerable

Referans

Woehler E.J. (compiler) 2006. Species list prepared for SCAR/IUCN/BirdLife International Workshop on Antarctic Regional Seabird Populations, March 2005, Cambridge, UK.

lisans
cc-by-4.0
telif hakkı
WoRMS Editorial Board
Katkıda bulunan
Charbonneau, Danny [email]