La familia de les tropeolacees (Tropaeolaceae) entiende trés xéneros de plantes dientro del orde de les brasicales.
Son yerbes añales o perennes, munches vegaes subsuculentas, escandentes o raramente procumbentes, dacuando con rizomes tuberosos; plantes hermafrodites. Fueyes alternes; llámines enteres, llobaes o palmadamente estremaes, peltaes o subpeltaes, palmatinervies; peciolos llargos, de normal del mesma llongura de la llámina o más llargos; estípules presentes o ausentes. Flores comúnmente solitaries, axilares, vistoses, marcadamente irregulares o dacuando subactinomorfes (Trophaeastrum), con pedúnculos llargos y pendilexos o erectos (Trophaeastrum); sépalos 5, llibres, inxeríos, unu d'ellos polo xeneral largamente espolonado; pétalos 5, llibres, inxeríos, unguiculaos, los 2 superiores usualmente más pequeños que los 3 inferiores, enteros, serraos o lobaos, ciliaos o non; estames 8, filamentos llibres, anteres pequeñes, basifijas, con dehiscencia llonxitudinal; pistilu simple, estilu delgáu, estigma secu, 3-lobáu, ovariu 3-locular, con 1 óvulu por lóculo. Frutu un esquizocarpio con 3 mericarpos o sámaras (Magallana); granes con un embrión grande y rectu y 2 cotiledones gruesos, endosperma ausente.[1]
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Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. La familia de les tropeolacees (Tropaeolaceae) entiende trés xéneros de plantes dientro del orde de les brasicales.
Ərikgülükimilər (lat. Tropaeolaceae)[1] — kəvərçiçəklilər sırasına aid bitki fəsiləsi.[2]
Ərikgülükimilər (lat. Tropaeolaceae) — kəvərçiçəklilər sırasına aid bitki fəsiləsi.
Tropaeolaceae, Tropaeolàcia o Tropaeolàcies és una família de plantes amb flors de l'ordre de les brassicals.
Són plantes herbàcies anuals o perennes. Una gran part de les espècies són originàries de l'Amèrica del Sud. La planta més coneguda d'aquesta família és la caputxina, planta de jardí comestible.
Segons la classificació APG II aquesta família forma part de l'ordre de les Brassicales, que a la vegada és part del grup dels eurosids II.
Segons les classificacions tradicionals les tropaeolàcies tenen 3 gèneres:[1]
Tropaeolaceae, Tropaeolàcia o Tropaeolàcies és una família de plantes amb flors de l'ordre de les brassicals.
Tropæolum-familien (Tropaeolaceae) er en plantefamilie, som kun indeholder én slægt (tidligere tre slægter). Det er krybende eller klatrende, urteagtige planter. De klatrende arter har bladstilke, der registrerer berøring, og derfor kan de sno sig omkring fast understøttelser. Mange af arterne danner rodknolde. Bladene er spredtstillede og skjoldformede. Hos mange arter er bladpladen dybt indskåret. Blomsterne er 5-tallige, de sidder oftest i bladhjørnerne, og de er for det meste store med et af kronbladene omdannet til en nektarspore. Frugterne er spaltefrugtermed hver tre frø.
Slægter
Tropaeolum /trəˈpiːələm, troʊ-/,[1][2] commonly known as nasturtium (/nəˈstɜːrʃəm, næ-/;[3][4][5] literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants. It was named by Carl Linnaeus in his book Species Plantarum,[6] and is the only genus in the family Tropaeolaceae. The nasturtiums received their common name because they produce an oil similar to that of watercress (Nasturtium officinale).
The genus Tropaeolum, native to South and Central America, includes several very popular garden plants, the most common being T. majus, T. peregrinum and T. speciosum. One of the hardiest species is T. polyphyllum from Chile, the perennial roots of which can survive the winter underground at elevations of 3,300 metres (11,000 ft).
Plants in this genus have showy, often intensely bright flowers and rounded, peltate (shield-shaped) leaves with the petiole in the centre. The flowers are bisexual and zygomorphic, with five petals, a superior three-carpelled ovary, and a funnel-shaped nectar spur at the back, formed by modification of one of the five sepals.[7]
Tropaeolum was introduced into Spain by the Spanish botanist Nicolás Monardes, who described it in his Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales of 1569, translated into English as Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde by John Frampton.[8] The English herbalist John Gerard reports having received seeds of the plant from Europe in his 1597 book Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes.[9] Tropaeolum majus was named by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, who chose the genus name because the plant reminded him of an ancient custom: After victory in battle, the Romans erected a trophy pole (or tropaeum, from the Greek tropaion, source of English "trophy") on which the vanquished foe's armour and weapons were hung. The plant's round leaves reminded Linnaeus of shields and its flowers of blood-stained helmets.[10]
Nasturtiums were once commonly called "Indian cresses" because they were introduced from the Americas, known popularly then as the Indies, and used like cress as salad ingredients. In his herbal, John Gerard compared the flowers of the "Indian Cress" to those of the forking larkspur (Consolida regalis) of the buttercup family.[10] He wrote: "Unto the backe part (of the flower) doth hange a taile or spurre, such as hath the Larkes heele, called in Latine Consolida regalis."[9]
J. R. R. Tolkien commented that an alternative anglicization of "nasturtium" was "nasturtian".[11]
Tropaeolum is a genus of dicotyledonous annual or perennial plants, often with somewhat succulent stems and sometimes tuberous roots. The alternate leaves are hairless, peltate, and entirely or palmately lobed. The petioles or leaf stalks are long and, in many species, can twine around other stems to provide support. The flowers are bisexual and showy, set singly on long stalks in the axils of the leaves. They have five sepals, the uppermost of which is elongated into a nectar spur. The five petals are clawed, with the lower three unlike the upper two. The eight stamens are in two whorls of unequal length, and the superior ovary has three segments and three stigmas on a single style. The fruit is naked and nut-like, with three single seed segments.[12][13]
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The most common flower in cultivation is a hybrid of T. majus, T. minus, and T. peltophorum. It is commonly known as the nasturtium (and occasionally anglicized as nasturtian). It is mostly grown from seed as a half-hardy annual, and both single and double varieties are available. It comes in various forms and colours, including cream, yellow, orange and red, solid in colour or striped and often with a dark blotch at the base of the petals. It is vigorous and easily grown and does well in sun. It thrives in poor soil and dry conditions, whereas rich soil produces much leafy growth and few flowers. Some varieties adopt a bush form while others scramble over and through other plants and are useful for planting in awkward spots or for covering fences and trellises.[14]
The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:
The blue nasturtium (Tropaeolum azureum) is a tender species from Chile which has violet-blue flowers with white eyes that can be as much as 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) across.[18]
Tropaeolum brachyceras has 2.5 cm (1 in) yellow flowers with purplish markings on wiry, climbing stems. It is a half-hardy perennial from Chile and may remain dormant for several years before being sparked into growth by some unknown trigger factor.[18]
Tropaeolum hookerianum is a tuberous-rooted species from Chile. There are two subspecies, T. h. austropurpureum which has violet-purple flowers and T. h. pilosum with yellow flowers.[18]
The Canary creeper (Tropaeolum peregrinum) is a trailing and climbing half-hardy annual species with wiry stalks and palmately lobed leaves. The pale yellow, fringed flowers are borne on long stalks. It originated from Peru but may first have been cultivated in the Canary Islands before being introduced into Western Europe.[10]
Wreath nasturtium (Tropaeolum polyphyllum) is a prostrate plant originating from Argentina and Chile. It has silvery, deeply lobed leaves and a profusion of small, bright yellow flowers on long trailing stalks. After flowering, the plant dies back. It is a perennial with underground rhizomes which send up new shoots at intervals. It will survive for several years in a suitable sunny location with well-drained soil.[10] It is a very hardy species; the tubers can grow at depths of 60 cm (24 in) enabling the plant to survive at altitudes of as much as 3,300 metres (10,000 ft) in the Andes.[19]
The flame flower (Tropaeolum speciosum) is well adapted to cool, moist climates and famously does well in Scotland. It sends up shoots that thread their way through hedges and shrubs and, when they emerge into the light, bear brilliant red flowers among small, five or six-lobed leaves. It is difficult to establish but is an attractive garden plant when it thrives.[10] This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[20]
Three-coloured Indian cress (Tropaeolum tricolor) is another tuberous, climbing species grown for its attractive red, purple and yellow tubular flowers. It comes from Chile and Bolivia and is a reliable winter-growing species.[18]
Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum) is a perennial climbing plant from the Andes grown for its tuberous roots. It has been cultivated since ancient times, and depictions of it are found at archaeological sites pre-dating the Incas. It has leaves with five to seven lobes and small, long-spurred, red and yellow flowers. The tubers have an unpleasant smell when raw, which disappears on cooking. It is frost-hardy and produces crops of 30 tonnes per hectare at an elevation of 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) above sea level.[21] The cultivar T. tuberosum lineamaculatum 'Ken Aslet' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [22]
Species originating from the coastal areas and lower foothills make most of their growth in winter, whereas the true alpine species are summer growers. Tuberous Tropaeolum species are well known for occasionally remaining dormant for one or more years. The species with underground rhizomes and tubers can be propagated from these, while other species are best raised from seed. Many growers favour fresh seed, but dried seed is also often successful. Seed from the winter growing species should be sown in the autumn, while the summer growing species are best sown in the spring in well-drained compost and covered with 1 to 2 cm (1⁄2 to 3⁄4 in) of grit or sand. The containers should be kept at below 4 °C (39 °F) until the seedlings appear in about a month, as too high a temperature inhibits germination.[23]
All parts of Tropaeolum majus are edible. The flower has most often been consumed, making for an especially ornamental salad ingredient; it has a slightly peppery taste reminiscent of watercress and is also used in stir fry. The flowers contain about 130 mg vitamin C per 100 grams (3+1⁄2 oz),[24] about the same amount as is contained in parsley.[25] Moreover, they contain up to 45 mg of lutein per 100 g,[26] which is the highest amount found in any edible plant. The unripe seed pods can be harvested and dropped into spiced vinegar to produce a condiment and garnish, sometimes used in place of capers.[27]
Mashua (T. tuberosum) produces an edible underground tuber that is a major food source in parts of the Andes.
T. majus has been used in herbal medicine for respiratory and urinary tract infections.[28]
In Germany, licensed physicians can prescribe the herbal antibiotic Angocin Anti-Infekt N, made from only nasturtium and horseradish root.[29]
Nasturtiums are used as companion plants for biological pest control, repelling some pests, acting as a trap crop for others and attracting predatory insects.[30][31] While companion planting is a widespread notion and often adopted by home gardeners, there is little but anecdotal evidence to support these claims.[32]
Tropaeolum was previously placed in the family Tropaeolaceae along with two other genera, Magallana Cav. and Trophaeastrum. The monotypic genus Magallana was characterised by having winged fruit, and the two species of Trophaeastrum lacked spurs. The genus Tropaeolum was diagnosed only by the absence of the characteristics of the other two genera. A molecular study undertaken in 2000 found Tropaeolum to be paraphyletic when the other two genera are segregated, so Magallana and Trophaeastrum were reduced to synonyms of Tropaeolum. Tropaeolaceae was thus rendered monogeneric, a family of only one genus.[33]
"The Plant List", a collaboration between the Missouri Botanical Garden and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, includes the following accepted names of Tropaeolum species names. Some that are under review are here marked "U".[34]
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Tropaeolum majus Tropaeolum /trəˈpiːələm, troʊ-/, commonly known as nasturtium (/nəˈstɜːrʃəm, næ-/; literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants. It was named by Carl Linnaeus in his book Species Plantarum, and is the only genus in the family Tropaeolaceae. The nasturtiums received their common name because they produce an oil similar to that of watercress (Nasturtium officinale).
The genus Tropaeolum, native to South and Central America, includes several very popular garden plants, the most common being T. majus, T. peregrinum and T. speciosum. One of the hardiest species is T. polyphyllum from Chile, the perennial roots of which can survive the winter underground at elevations of 3,300 metres (11,000 ft).
Plants in this genus have showy, often intensely bright flowers and rounded, peltate (shield-shaped) leaves with the petiole in the centre. The flowers are bisexual and zygomorphic, with five petals, a superior three-carpelled ovary, and a funnel-shaped nectar spur at the back, formed by modification of one of the five sepals.
La Tropeolacoj (Tropaeolaceae) estas plantfamilio el la angiospermoj. La familio de tiu nomo estas agnoskata de la sistemoj priplanta taksonomio, kaj ankaŭ de la APG-sistemo (1998) kaj la APG II-sistemo (2003) kaj la APG III (2009). En la Cronquist-sistemo (1981) la plantfamilio apartenis al la ordo de la Geraniales.
La tropeolo (Tropaeolum) estas la sola plantogenro en la familio tropeolacoj.
Pli detalaj informoj troveblas en artikolo tropeolo.La Tropeolacoj (Tropaeolaceae) estas plantfamilio el la angiospermoj. La familio de tiu nomo estas agnoskata de la sistemoj priplanta taksonomio, kaj ankaŭ de la APG-sistemo (1998) kaj la APG II-sistemo (2003) kaj la APG III (2009). En la Cronquist-sistemo (1981) la plantfamilio apartenis al la ordo de la Geraniales.
La tropeolo (Tropaeolum) estas la sola plantogenro en la familio tropeolacoj.
Pli detalaj informoj troveblas en artikolo tropeolo.
La familia de las tropeoláceas (Tropaeolaceae) comprende tres géneros de plantas dentro del orden de las brasicales.
Son hierbas anuales o perennes, muchas veces subsuculentas, escandentes o raramente procumbentes, a veces con rizomas tuberosos; plantas hermafroditas. Hojas alternas; láminas enteras, lobadas o palmadamente divididas, peltadas o subpeltadas, palmatinervias; pecíolos largos, normalmente del mismo largo de la lámina o más largos; estípulas presentes o ausentes.
Flores comúnmente solitarias, axilares, vistosas, marcadamente irregulares o a veces subactinomorfas (Trophaeastrum), con pedúnculos largos y péndulos o erectos (Trophaeastrum); sépalos 5, libres, imbricados, uno de ellos en general largamente espolonado; pétalos 5, libres, imbricados, unguiculados, los 2 superiores usualmente más pequeños que los 3 inferiores, enteros, serrados o lobados, ciliados o no; estambres 8, filamentos libres, anteras pequeñas, basifijas, con dehiscencia longitudinal; pistilo simple, estilo delgado, estigma seco, 3-lobado, ovario 3-locular, con 1 óvulo por lóculo.
Fruto un esquizocarpio con 3 mericarpos o sámaras (Magallana); semillas con un embrión grande y recto y 2 cotiledones gruesos, endosperma ausente.[1]
La familia de las tropeoláceas (Tropaeolaceae) comprende tres géneros de plantas dentro del orden de las brasicales.
Mungalillelised (Tropaeolaceae) on õistaimede sugukond kapsalaadsete seltsist.
Eestis ei kasva sellesse sugukonda kuuluvaid pärismaiseid taimeliike.
Mungalillelised (Tropaeolaceae) on õistaimede sugukond kapsalaadsete seltsist.
Eestis ei kasva sellesse sugukonda kuuluvaid pärismaiseid taimeliike.
Köynnöskrassikasvit (Tropaeolaceae) on kasviheimo Brassicales-lahkossa. Siihen kuuluu luokittelusta riippuen yksi tai kaksi sukua.
Köynnöskrassikasveihin kuuluu noin 90–105 lajia, joita esiintyy Etelä- ja Keski-Amerikassa, erityisesti Andien vuoristossa. Angiosperm Phylogeny Websiten luokittelun mukaan kaikki heimon lajit kuuluvat köynnöskrassien (Tropaeolum) sukuun. Kanarianköynnöskrassi (Tropaeolum peregrinum, syn. Trophaeum peregrinum) erotetaan toisinaan omaan sukuunsa Trophaeum.[1][2][3][4]
Köynnöskrassikasvit (Tropaeolaceae) on kasviheimo Brassicales-lahkossa. Siihen kuuluu luokittelusta riippuen yksi tai kaksi sukua.
Köynnöskrassikasveihin kuuluu noin 90–105 lajia, joita esiintyy Etelä- ja Keski-Amerikassa, erityisesti Andien vuoristossa. Angiosperm Phylogeny Websiten luokittelun mukaan kaikki heimon lajit kuuluvat köynnöskrassien (Tropaeolum) sukuun. Kanarianköynnöskrassi (Tropaeolum peregrinum, syn. Trophaeum peregrinum) erotetaan toisinaan omaan sukuunsa Trophaeum.
La famille des Tropaeolaceae (Tropaéolacées ou Tropéolacées) regroupe des plantes dicotylédones. Elle comprend moins de cent espèces réparties en deux ou trois genres.
Ce sont des plantes herbacées annuelles ou pérennes. En France, la plante la plus connue, appartenant à cette famille, est la grande capucine.
Le nom vient du genre type Tropaeolum, dérivé du grec τροπαίων / tropaion, trophée, en références aux feuilles, représentant un bouclier et aux fleurs, un casque[1].
La classification phylogénétique place maintenant cette famille dans l'ordre des Brassicales lui-même placé dans le groupe des Malvidées (anglais eurosids II). Le Angiosperm Phylogeny Website [30 avril 2007] n'accepte plus qu'un seul genre (Tropaeolum).
Selon Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (4 août 2015)[2] :
Selon DELTA Angio (4 août 2015)[4] :
Selon NCBI (21 juin 2010)[6] :
La famille des Tropaeolaceae (Tropaéolacées ou Tropéolacées) regroupe des plantes dicotylédones. Elle comprend moins de cent espèces réparties en deux ou trois genres.
Ce sont des plantes herbacées annuelles ou pérennes. En France, la plante la plus connue, appartenant à cette famille, est la grande capucine.
Tutón nastawk z temu swójba (familia) je po hesle na druhi nastawk podobny. Druhe hesło Kraska ma temu ród (genus). Kraskowe rostliny (Tropaeolaceae) su swójba symjencowych rostlinow (Spermatophyta).
Wobsahuje sćěhowace rody:
Kraskowe rostliny (Tropaeolaceae) su swójba symjencowych rostlinow (Spermatophyta).
Wobsahuje sćěhowace rody:
kraska (Tropaeolum) mała kraska (Tropaeolum minus) turkowska kraska (Tropaeolum majus)Tropaeolum L., 1753 è un genere di piante erbacee dell'ordine Brassicales originarie dell'America, l'unico nella famiglia Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC.[1] Queste piante vengono spesso chiamate nasturzio, ma non sono da confondere con le brassicacee del genere Nasturtium.
Queste piante sono diffuse dal sud del Messico fino in Patagonia[1] e prediligono in genere il clima montano. Come piante ornamentali, alcune specie sono conosciute anche nel vecchio mondo.
Si tratta di piante erbacee il cui fusto cresce normalmente in posizione strisciante: intorno ad esso, le foglie sono disposte in maniera alterna. Sono foglie peltate, dunque il picciolo è attaccato al centro della loro superficie.
I fiori sono zigomorfi e il calice è composto da cinque sepali, dei quali uno è caratterizzato da un allungamento a sperone. Similmente, anche la corolla è composta da cinque petali, tra i quali i due superiori sono in genere più piccoli dei tre inferiori. Ogni fiore è dotato di otto stami e ovario supero, composto da tre carpelli.[1]
La famiglia Tropaeolaceae è inserita nell'ordine Brassicales dalla classificazione APG;[2] il sistema Cronquist la classificava invece in Geraniales.[3]
In questa famiglia è riconosciuto un solo genere, Tropaeolum, il quale comprende quasi 100 specie:[4]
Tropaeolum L., 1753 è un genere di piante erbacee dell'ordine Brassicales originarie dell'America, l'unico nella famiglia Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC. Queste piante vengono spesso chiamate nasturzio, ma non sono da confondere con le brassicacee del genere Nasturtium.
Tropaeolaceae (klimkersfamilie) is een familie van tweezaadlobbige planten. Een familie onder deze naam wordt algemeen erkend door systemen voor plantentaxonomie, en ook door het APG-systeem (1998) en het APG II-systeem (2003).
De familie zal een honderdtal soorten in een drietal genera tellen, maar is vooral bekend van de Oost-Indische kers (Tropaeolum majus). Een soort die als voedselgewas wordt verbouwd is de knolcapucien (Tropaeolum tuberosum). Andere soorten zijn Tropaeolum pentaphyllum en Tropaeolum smithii.
In het Cronquist-systeem (1981) was de plaatsing in de orde Geraniales.
Tropaeolaceae (klimkersfamilie) is een familie van tweezaadlobbige planten. Een familie onder deze naam wordt algemeen erkend door systemen voor plantentaxonomie, en ook door het APG-systeem (1998) en het APG II-systeem (2003).
De familie zal een honderdtal soorten in een drietal genera tellen, maar is vooral bekend van de Oost-Indische kers (Tropaeolum majus). Een soort die als voedselgewas wordt verbouwd is de knolcapucien (Tropaeolum tuberosum). Andere soorten zijn Tropaeolum pentaphyllum en Tropaeolum smithii.
In het Cronquist-systeem (1981) was de plaatsing in de orde Geraniales.
Blomkarsefamilien (Tropaeolaceae) er en plantefamilie i ordenen Brassicales. Den omfatter ca. 92 arter fordelt på tre planteslekter. Blomkarse, en vanlig hageblomst hører til denne familien. Artene i familien har spesielle skjoldformede blad med stilken festet midt under.
Blomkarsefamilien (Tropaeolaceae) er en plantefamilie i ordenen Brassicales. Den omfatter ca. 92 arter fordelt på tre planteslekter. Blomkarse, en vanlig hageblomst hører til denne familien. Artene i familien har spesielle skjoldformede blad med stilken festet midt under.
Moringaceae – moringowate
Caricaceae – melonowcowate
Limnanthaceae – limnantesowate
Resedaceae – rezedowate
Capparidaceae – kaparowate
Brassicaceae – kapustowate
W obrębie rodziny wyróżniano dawniej 3 rodzaje (obok nasturcji także Magallana i Trophaeastrum). W świetle opublikowanych w 2000 r. badań molekularnych podział taki był sztuczny i zmieniał rodzaj nasturcja w takson parafiletyczny[3].
Gromada okrytonasienne (Magnoliophyta Cronquist), podgromada Magnoliophytina Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, klasa Rosopsida Batsch, podklasa różowe (Rosidae Takht.), nadrząd Rutanae Takht., rząd nasturcjowce (Tropaeolales Takht. ex Reveal ), rodzina nasturcjowate (Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC.)[4].
W obrębie rodziny wyróżniano dawniej 3 rodzaje (obok nasturcji także Magallana i Trophaeastrum). W świetle opublikowanych w 2000 r. badań molekularnych podział taki był sztuczny i zmieniał rodzaj nasturcja w takson parafiletyczny.
Pozycja w systemie Reveala (1993–1999)Gromada okrytonasienne (Magnoliophyta Cronquist), podgromada Magnoliophytina Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, klasa Rosopsida Batsch, podklasa różowe (Rosidae Takht.), nadrząd Rutanae Takht., rząd nasturcjowce (Tropaeolales Takht. ex Reveal ), rodzina nasturcjowate (Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC.).
Tropaeolaceae é uma família de plantas plantas com flor (Magnoliophyta) da ordem Brassicales. A família Tropaeolaceae compreende três géneros, embora muitos autores a considerem como uma família monogenérica, incluindo todas as espécies no género Tropaeolum.[1]
Os membros da família Tropaeolaceae são ervas anuais ou perenes, hermafroditas, muitas vezes subsuculentas, escandentes ou raramente procumbentes, por vezes com rizomas tuberosos. As folhas são alternas, com lâminas inteiras, lobadas ou palmadamente divididas, peltadas ou subpeltadas, palmatinérvias, com pecíolos longos, normalmente do mesmo comprimento da lâmina foliar ou mais longos. As estípulas podem estar presentes ou ausentes.
As flores são em geral solitárias, axilares, vistosas, marcadamente irregulares, embora por vezes subactinomorfas (Trophaeastrum), com pedúnculos longos pendentes ou erectos (Trophaeastrum): Apresentam 5 sépalas livres, imbricadas, em geral uma delas formando um esporão alongado. A corola apresenta 5 pétalas livres, imbricadas, unguiculadas, as duas superiores usualmente mais pequenas que as três inferiores, inteiras, serradas ou lobadas, ciliadas ou não. As flores apresentam 8 estames de filamentos livres, anteras pequenas, basifixas, com deiscência longitudinal. O pistilo é simples, estilo delgado, estigma seco, 3-lobado, ovário 3-locular, com um óvulo por lóculo.
O fruto é um esquizocarpo com 3 mericarpos ou sâmaras (Magallana). As sementes apresentam um embrião grande e recto, com dois cotilédones grossos com endosperma ausente.[2]
Tropaeolaceae é uma família de plantas plantas com flor (Magnoliophyta) da ordem Brassicales. A família Tropaeolaceae compreende três géneros, embora muitos autores a considerem como uma família monogenérica, incluindo todas as espécies no género Tropaeolum.
Họ Sen cạn (danh pháp khoa học: Tropaeolaceae) là một họ nhỏ có 3 chi và khoảng 80-90 loài thực vật thân thảo, mềm, bò trên mặt đất. Một chi là Tropaeolum, được biết đến dưới tên gọi phổ biến là sen cạn, bao gồm một số loài cây hoa phổ biến trồng trong vườn, cũng như có một loài (mashua - T. tuberosum) là cây cung cấp rau ăn ở vùng Nam Mỹ.
Họ Sen cạn (danh pháp khoa học: Tropaeolaceae) là một họ nhỏ có 3 chi và khoảng 80-90 loài thực vật thân thảo, mềm, bò trên mặt đất. Một chi là Tropaeolum, được biết đến dưới tên gọi phổ biến là sen cạn, bao gồm một số loài cây hoa phổ biến trồng trong vườn, cũng như có một loài (mashua - T. tuberosum) là cây cung cấp rau ăn ở vùng Nam Mỹ.
Настурциевые (лат. Tropaeolaceae) — семейство двудольных растений, входящее в порядок Капустоцветные, включающее в себя три рода и 80—90 видов травянистых растений, происходящих из Южной и Центральной Америки. Для всех представителей семейства характерны пряные, присущие всем частям растений вкус и аромат, которые связаны с наличием особых клеток, содержащих мирозин; наличие подобных клеток характерно также для семейства Каперсовые.
Настурциевые (лат. Tropaeolaceae) — семейство двудольных растений, входящее в порядок Капустоцветные, включающее в себя три рода и 80—90 видов травянистых растений, происходящих из Южной и Центральной Америки. Для всех представителей семейства характерны пряные, присущие всем частям растений вкус и аромат, которые связаны с наличием особых клеток, содержащих мирозин; наличие подобных клеток характерно также для семейства Каперсовые.
Magallana
Tropaeastrum
旱金莲属 Tropaeolum
旱金莲科也叫金莲花科，只有3属约80-90种，原生于墨西哥、中美洲和南美洲。中国只有引进种。
本科植物为一年生或多年生草本，肉质有液汁；单叶互生或下部的对生，无托叶；花单生，两性，左右对称；花萼5，其中之一延长成一长距；花瓣5，果不开裂，种子无胚珠。
1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法将其列在牻牛儿苗目，1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法将其放在十字花目中。
这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 旱金莲科也叫金莲花科，只有3属约80-90种，原生于墨西哥、中美洲和南美洲。中国只有引进种。
本科植物为一年生或多年生草本，肉质有液汁；单叶互生或下部的对生，无托叶；花单生，两性，左右对称；花萼5，其中之一延长成一长距；花瓣5，果不开裂，种子无胚珠。
1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法将其列在牻牛儿苗目，1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法将其放在十字花目中。
ノウゼンハレン科 (Tropaeolaceae) は双子葉植物に属する科。Magallana 、Tropaeastrum 、Tropaeolum (ノウゼンハレン属)の3属（ノウゼンハレン属にまとめることもある）、約90種からなり、南アメリカ、特にアンデスなどの山地に分布する。
多汁の草本で、茎はつるまたは地上を這う。葉は葉柄が長く（巻きつくものもある）、盾状の単葉または掌状複葉。花は左右相称で距がある。がく片は5枚、花弁は2ないし5枚。雄蕊は8本、心皮は3個で果実は分果または液果。
観賞用またはハーブとしてよく栽培されるノウゼンハレン（キンレンカ、ナスタチューム）のほか、アンデス地方でいもを食用にするマシュアなどがある。
かつてのクロンキスト体系では形態に基づきフウロソウ目に入れていたが、APG分類体系ではアブラナ目としている。アブラナ目の多くの科（アブラナ科、フウチョウソウ科、ワサビノキ科など）と同様にカラシ油配糖体を含む。
ノウゼンハレン科 (Tropaeolaceae) は双子葉植物に属する科。Magallana 、Tropaeastrum 、Tropaeolum (ノウゼンハレン属)の3属（ノウゼンハレン属にまとめることもある）、約90種からなり、南アメリカ、特にアンデスなどの山地に分布する。
多汁の草本で、茎はつるまたは地上を這う。葉は葉柄が長く（巻きつくものもある）、盾状の単葉または掌状複葉。花は左右相称で距がある。がく片は5枚、花弁は2ないし5枚。雄蕊は8本、心皮は3個で果実は分果または液果。
観賞用またはハーブとしてよく栽培されるノウゼンハレン（キンレンカ、ナスタチューム）のほか、アンデス地方でいもを食用にするマシュアなどがある。
かつてのクロンキスト体系では形態に基づきフウロソウ目に入れていたが、APG分類体系ではアブラナ目としている。アブラナ目の多くの科（アブラナ科、フウチョウソウ科、ワサビノキ科など）と同様にカラシ油配糖体を含む。
