Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the litchi fruit moth or macadamia nut borer, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1898. It is native to India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, western Malaysia, New Guinea, the Philippines, Japan, Guam, the Caroline Islands, Australia and has been introduced to Hawaii.[1]
The wingspan is 15–22 mm. Forewings brownish to reddish brown. A dark-brown pre-tornal spot is distinctive in females, but faded in males. Males possess sex scales on the hindwing, hind tibia, and abdomen. Females with a costal fold on forewings, which is absent in males.[2]
Eggs are white, round and flat, and laid in small groups of 15 on the fruit. Late instars are 13–20 mm long. The abdomen of the caterpillar is yellowish white. In the final instar, its color turns to red. Pinacula large and darker than body. Head and prothoracic shield blackish to dark brown in early instars which turns pale to yellowish brown in final instars. Anal comb rudimentary with 4-6 small teeth. Pupa yellow brown.[3]
It is considered a pest of legumes. The larvae feed in the pods, attacking seeds in the jenkol-pods (Pithecellobium) and only become visible after the seeds are cut. The larva nearly empties the seed, which then only contains tunnels filled with frass.[4]
The larvae is a minor polyphagous pest and feeds on a wide range of plants.[5]
Adult moths can be eradicated by mechanical methods such as hand picking and trapping. Passive trapping methods such as emergence traps, flight traps, malaise traps and sticky traps are ineffective. Bait traps are also found ineffective to catch adults. Light traps, suction traps and pheromone traps[6] are effective. It is also found that the Robinson light trap attracted more males than females.[7]
Parasitoids such as Trichogramma cryptophlebiae, Brachymeria pomonae, Gotro bimaculata and Bracon species can be used to destroy eggs and caterpillars.[4]
Other methods such as mating disruption, hot water treatments, irradiation and usage of insecticides can also be used.[4]
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the litchi fruit moth or macadamia nut borer, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1898. It is native to India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, western Malaysia, New Guinea, the Philippines, Japan, Guam, the Caroline Islands, Australia and has been introduced to Hawaii.
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta is een vlinder uit de familie van de bladrollers (Tortricidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1898 door Lower.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta là một loài bướm đêm thuộc họ Tortricidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở Ấn Độ, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Trung Quốc, Đài Loan, Việt Nam, Thái Lan, miền tây Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Nhật Bản, Guam, the Caroline Islands, Úc và Hawaii.
Sải cánh dài 15–22 mm.
Ấu trùng ăn a wide range of plants. Recorded food plants are Citrus, coconut, macadamia nuts, Parkinsonia aculeata, Cassia fistula, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia laevigata, Cassia alata, Cassia sophera, Cassia bicapsularis, Nephelium litchi, Acacia species, Aegle marmelos, Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania grandiflora, Tamarindus indica, Feronia, Adenanthera pavonia, Filicium decipiens, Bauhinia hirsuta, Bauhinia purpurea, Bauhinia malabarica, Parkia, Prosopis juliflora, Cocoloba uvifera, Phaseolus lunatus, Poinciana pulcherrima và Pithecellobium dulce.
Bài viết liên quan đến Olethreutinae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta là một loài bướm đêm thuộc họ Tortricidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở Ấn Độ, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Trung Quốc, Đài Loan, Việt Nam, Thái Lan, miền tây Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Nhật Bản, Guam, the Caroline Islands, Úc và Hawaii.
Sải cánh dài 15–22 mm.
Ấu trùng ăn a wide range of plants. Recorded food plants are Citrus, coconut, macadamia nuts, Parkinsonia aculeata, Cassia fistula, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia laevigata, Cassia alata, Cassia sophera, Cassia bicapsularis, Nephelium litchi, Acacia species, Aegle marmelos, Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania grandiflora, Tamarindus indica, Feronia, Adenanthera pavonia, Filicium decipiens, Bauhinia hirsuta, Bauhinia purpurea, Bauhinia malabarica, Parkia, Prosopis juliflora, Cocoloba uvifera, Phaseolus lunatus, Poinciana pulcherrima và Pithecellobium dulce.
