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Gracilinanus ( Azerice )

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Gracilinanus (lat. Gracilinanus) - opossumlar fəsiləsinə aid heyvan cinsi.

Növləri

Mənbə

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Azerice )

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Gracilinanus (lat. Gracilinanus) - opossumlar fəsiləsinə aid heyvan cinsi.

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Gracilinanus ( Bretonca )

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Bretonca )

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Gracilinanus zo ur genad e rummatadur ar bronneged, ennañ oposomed.

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Gracilinanus ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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Gracilinanus és un gènere d'opòssums de la família dels didèlfids. Fou separat del gènere Marmosa el 1989 i des d'aleshores se li han retirat les espècies del gènere Cryptonanus. Conté les espècies següents:[1]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Gracilinanus Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Gardner, Alfred. Wilson, D. E. (ed.); Reeder, D. M. (ed.). Mammal Species of the World. 3a ed.. Johns Hopkins University Press, 16 novembre 2005, p. 6–7. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

wikipedia CA tarafından sağlandı

Gracilinanus és un gènere d'opòssums de la família dels didèlfids. Fou separat del gènere Marmosa el 1989 i des d'aleshores se li han retirat les espècies del gènere Cryptonanus. Conté les espècies següents:

Marmosa de Bolívia (Gracilinanus aceramarcae) Marmosa àgil (Gracilinanus agilis) Marmosa dríade (Gracilinanus dryas) Marmosa de Surinam (Gracilinanus emiliae) Marmosa andina veneçolana (Gracilinanus marica) Marmosa de peus petits (Gracilinanus microtarsus)
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Gracilinanus ( Almanca )

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Gracilinanus ist eine Gattung aus der Familie der Beutelratten (Didelphidae). Sie ist im nördlichen und mittleren Südamerika beheimatet.

Allgemeines

Diese Tiere sind mausähnliche Beuteltiere, die allerdings keinen Beutel besitzen. Ihr Fell ist an der Oberseite grau oder braun gefärbt, die Unterseite ist heller, oft weißlich. Wie alle kleineren Beutelratten haben sie große Augen, eine spitze Schnauze und große Ohren. Diese Tiere erreichen eine Kopfrumpflänge von 7 bis 14 Zentimetern und eine Schwanzlänge von 9 bis 16 Zentimetern.

Lebensraum dieser Beutelratten sind vorwiegend Wälder, manchmal kommen sie auch auf Plantagen vor. Es sind nachtaktive Einzelgänger, die meistens in den Bäumen leben, manchmal aber auch auf den Boden kommen. Tagsüber schlafen sie in Nestern aus Blättern und Zweigen. Sie sind Allesfresser, die in erster Linie Insekten und andere Wirbellose sowie Früchte zu sich nehmen.

Da die Weibchen keinen Beutel haben, schleppen sie die Jungtiere in den ersten Lebensmonaten an ihren 11 bis 15 Zitzen hängend mit sich herum. Wie bei allen Beutelratten dürfte die Tragzeit kurz (rund 14 Tage), die Wurfgröße hoch (rund 6) und die Lebenserwartung gering sein.

Die Tiere werden vom Menschen nicht direkt verfolgt, leiden aber am Verlust des Lebensraumes durch Waldrodungen.

Systematik

Bis 1989 wurde diese Tiere in die Gattung der Zwergbeutelratten (Marmosa) eingeordnet. Aufgrund von Unterschieden im Bau des Schädels und der Zähne wurde 1989 die eigene Gattung Gracilinanus errichtet. In jüngster Zeit wurden die Gattungen Hyladelphys und Cryptonanus abgetrennt.

Heute werden sieben Arten unterschieden:

Literatur

  • Nowak, Ronald M.: Walker’s Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999 ISBN 0-8018-5789-9
  • Voss, R. S., Lunde, D. P. & Jansa, S. A. 2005. On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials. American Museum Novitates 3482:1–34, 2005.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Thiago Semedo, Marcus Vinicius Brandão de Oliveira, Ana Paula Carmignotto, Mario S. Nunes, Izeni Pires Farias, Maria Nazareth Ferreira da Silva, Rogério V. Rossi: Taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of Marmosa agilis peruana Tate, 1931 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), with comments on the morphological variation of Gracilinanus from central–western Brazil. Dezember 2014, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 173(1), DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12203
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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

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Gracilinanus ist eine Gattung aus der Familie der Beutelratten (Didelphidae). Sie ist im nördlichen und mittleren Südamerika beheimatet.

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Gracilinanus ( Maltaca )

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Gracilinanus huwa ġeneru ta' mammiferi marsupjali, eżattament l-opossumi tal-kontinenti Amerikani.

Dan il-ġeneru qiegħed klassifikat fil-klassi Mammalia, fis-sottoklassi Theria, fl-infraklassi Metatheria (il-marsupjali), fis-superordni Ameridelphia (il-marsupjali Amerikani minnbarra l-kolokolo), fl-ordni Didelphimorphia, fis-superfamilja Didelphoidea, fil-familja Didelphidae, fis-sottofamilja Didelphinae u fit-tribù Thylamyini, mal-ġeneri Cryptonanus, Chacodelphys, Lestodelphys, Marmosops, Thylamys u Thylatheridium.

Il-ġeneru Gracilinanus jiġbor fiħ 6 speċi ħajjin.

(għal aktar informazzjoni ara l-artikli Opossum, Didelphimorphia jew Didelphidae)

Dawn il-mammiferi marsupjali nattivi tal-kontinent tal-Amerika ta' isfel, qegħdin ikklassifikati fit-tribù Thylamyini, fis-sottofamilja Didelphinae, fil-familja Didelphidae (didelfidi), tal-ordni Didelphimorphia (didelfimorfji).

Il-Gracilinanus huma marsupjali żgħar li normalment ma jaqbżux it-80 gramma fil-piż, b' ġisem bejn 7 u 14-il ċentimetru twil u b' denb bejn 9 u 16-il ċentimetru ieħor. Dawn huma ta' abitudni notturna u l-quċċata ta' l-attivita tagħhom tintlaħaq bil-lejl, b' attivita minima ħafna matul il-ġurnata minħabba ċertu sensitivita li għandhom għad-dawl.

L-ispeċijiet kollha tal-ġeneru Gracilinanus' jippreferu jgħixu f' abitat ta' foresti subtropikali u tropiklai umdi kemm fil-muntanji kif ukoll f' artijiet baxxi. Dawn il- mammiferi huma primarjament arborji jew siġrin (jgħixu fis-siġar), għalkemm jinżlu ma' l-art biex jieklu xi frott u jikkaċċaw.

Dieta

Il-Gracilinanus huma mammiferi marsupjali omnivori u d-dieta prinċipali tagħhom tikkonsisti minn frott, insetti varji u annimali vertebrati u invertebrati żgħar oħrajn.

Distribuzzjoni

Dawn l-opossumi għandhom distribuzzjoni vasta fil-kontinent tal-Amerika ta' isfel u jinsabu mifruxin fl-Arġentina, Bolivja, Brażil, Gujana, Gujana Franċiża, Kolombja, Paragwaj, Peru, Surinam, Urugwaj u Venezwela.

Klassifikazzjoni

Referenzi

  • Nowak, Ronald M.: Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999 ISBN 0801857899
  • Voss, R.S., Lunde, D.P. & Jansa, S.A. 2005. On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials. American Museum Novitates 3482:1-34, 2005.
  • Gardner, Alfred (November 16, 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds) Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 3-18. ISBN 0-801-88221-4
  • InformazZjoni dwar l-Opossum ta' denbu qasir: Gracilinanus
  • Tassonomija tal-Mammiferi.

Ħoloq/Linkijiet Esterni

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Maltaca )

wikipedia emerging languages tarafından sağlandı

Gracilinanus huwa ġeneru ta' mammiferi marsupjali, eżattament l-opossumi tal-kontinenti Amerikani.

Dan il-ġeneru qiegħed klassifikat fil-klassi Mammalia, fis-sottoklassi Theria, fl-infraklassi Metatheria (il-marsupjali), fis-superordni Ameridelphia (il-marsupjali Amerikani minnbarra l-kolokolo), fl-ordni Didelphimorphia, fis-superfamilja Didelphoidea, fil-familja Didelphidae, fis-sottofamilja Didelphinae u fit-tribù Thylamyini, mal-ġeneri Cryptonanus, Chacodelphys, Lestodelphys, Marmosops, Thylamys u Thylatheridium.

Il-ġeneru Gracilinanus jiġbor fiħ 6 speċi ħajjin.

(għal aktar informazzjoni ara l-artikli Opossum, Didelphimorphia jew Didelphidae)

Dawn il-mammiferi marsupjali nattivi tal-kontinent tal-Amerika ta' isfel, qegħdin ikklassifikati fit-tribù Thylamyini, fis-sottofamilja Didelphinae, fil-familja Didelphidae (didelfidi), tal-ordni Didelphimorphia (didelfimorfji).

Il-Gracilinanus huma marsupjali żgħar li normalment ma jaqbżux it-80 gramma fil-piż, b' ġisem bejn 7 u 14-il ċentimetru twil u b' denb bejn 9 u 16-il ċentimetru ieħor. Dawn huma ta' abitudni notturna u l-quċċata ta' l-attivita tagħhom tintlaħaq bil-lejl, b' attivita minima ħafna matul il-ġurnata minħabba ċertu sensitivita li għandhom għad-dawl.

L-ispeċijiet kollha tal-ġeneru Gracilinanus' jippreferu jgħixu f' abitat ta' foresti subtropikali u tropiklai umdi kemm fil-muntanji kif ukoll f' artijiet baxxi. Dawn il- mammiferi huma primarjament arborji jew siġrin (jgħixu fis-siġar), għalkemm jinżlu ma' l-art biex jieklu xi frott u jikkaċċaw.

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Gracilinanus ( İngilizce )

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Gracilinanus is a genus of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It was separated from the genus Marmosa in 1989, and has since had the genera Cryptonanus, Chacodelphys, and Hyladelphys removed from it.

Physical description

Gracile mouse opossums, excluding the fat-tailed mouse opossum, in general, have a prehensile tail that is thin and very long. The tails of mouse opossums are naked.[2] Mouse opossums have ears that are, both, large and naked.[2] General opossums, including Gracilinanus species, have noses that are pointed. Another general characteristic that mouse opossum have are mammary glands.[2] Each member of the Gracilinanus species has a dark ring that is found around each eye.[2][3] The species G. microtarsus has red-brown fur on the top of the body and gray fur on the underside.[4] In comparison with G. microtarsus, G. agilis has paler fur color.[4] Over the years, a new species, G. ignitus, has been added to the genus. G. ignitus has a white patch on its chest. It, as well, has a light, two-tone colored tail that has only a few hairs. The fur color can be used to determine if a member of the genus is part of the G. ignitus species. G. microtarsus, G. emiliae, and G. dryas can be distinguished from G. ignitus by their tails that are only one color. One difference between G. agilis and G. ignitus is that G. agilis has a hairier tail. G. aceramarcae has naked skin compared to G. ignitus. G. emiliae is smaller than G. ignitus.[5] G. emiliae, in general, has a very long tail. A difference between G. emiliae and the rest of the species in the genus is that it has white fur on the underside of the body and the rest of the species have a gray or brown color.[6]

Taxonomy

It contains the following species:[1]

Cladogram of living Gracilinanus species:[7][8]

G. emilae (Emilia's gracile opossum)

G. aceramarcae (Aceramarca gracile opossum)

G. peruanus

G. microtarsus (Brazilian gracile opossum)

G. agilis (Agile gracile opossum)

Habitat

Gracilinanus species can be found in a number of different places. The different regions that Gracilinanus species can be found are Peru,[9][10] Bolivia,[9][10][11] Brazil,[10][12][13][14] Paraguay,[10] and Venezuela.[12][11][13] Some species are found in forests,[9][10][11][12][13][14] trees,[9][10][12][13][14] fallen trunks, tree holes,[10] humid environments,[13] and coffee plantations.[13] G. emiliae is distributed along the Amazonia and the coast of Venezuelan rainforests.[6] G. emiliae is one of the two species in the genus that is found in lowland Amazonian rainforests.[6] G. agilis and G. microtarsus are the only two species that have been found in the central, south, and southeastern parts of Brazil.[15] The other species have been found in the Amazon and not in Brazil.[15] The production of sugar cane and fruits, along with deforestation, is thought to be a reason why the newer species, G. ignitus, has been harder to find.[5]

Endangerment

Out of the species that currently exist, only two are on the endangered list. Gracilinanus agilis is not considered to be threatened, in general, but in the specific area of Paraguay, the species is close to being threatened.[10] The only other species that is near threatened is G. dryas.[12] A major threat to these species is that their main habitat is being destroyed by deforestation.[10][11][12][14] However, it has also been reported that these species are on the critically endangered list because they are only known in two general areas where their habitat has been found to be taking a decline. The species of the genus Gracilinanus once occupied other regions in South America but are now extinct there.[3]

Diet

The species G. microtarsus has a diet that includes insects, spiders, fruits, termites, beetles and ants.[16] As well, this species has been known to live off of wasps[17] and small invertebrates.[15] However, the main component of G. microtarsus' diet is ants. It is reported that males eat more food than females.[16]

Reproduction

Like most marsupials, the female has two vaginas and the males have a two-pronged penis.[18] Some females can have a litter size of up to 15, but usually have a litter of about 7.[2] Females of the species do not have a pouch that the young are able to stay in.[3][10][15] For those that do not have a pouch, the young are only attached to the nipples for a short time period and are left in their nests early on in their life.[15]

Interesting facts

Some species are nocturnal.[15][17] A few Gracilinanus species know how to play dead. The newest species that was found, G. ignitus, is reported to be one of the largest of all the species.[5] G. emiliae is one of the species that has only a dozen specimens found.[6] The species in this genus are known to climb a lot and dig holes in trees or the ground.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b Gardner, A.L. (2005). "Order Didelphimorphia". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Mouse opossum". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web 3 November 2012. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/395096/mouse-opossum>
  3. ^ a b c "Mammals." EDGE of Existence. Web. 28 November 2012. <http://www.edgeofexistence.org/mammals/species_info.php?id=35 Archived 22 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine>.
  4. ^ a b Pires, Mathias M.; Martins, Eduardo G.; Silva, Maria Nazareth F.; dos Reis, Sérgio F. (25 January 2010). "Gracilinanus microtarsus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)". Mammalian Species. 42: 33–40. doi:10.1644/851.1. S2CID 51743498.
  5. ^ a b c Díaz, M. Mónica; Flores, David A.; Barquez, Rubén M. (2002). "A New Species of Gracile Mouse Opossum, Genus Gracilinanus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), from Argentina". Journal of Mammalogy. 83 (3): 824–833. doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<0824:ANSOGM>2.0.CO;2.
  6. ^ a b c d Voss, Robert S.; Fleck, David W.; Jansa, Sharon A. (December 2009). "On the diagnostic characters, ecogeographic distribution, and phylogenetic relationships of Gracilinanus emiliae (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae: Thylamyini)". Mastozoología neotropical. 16 (2): 433–443.
  7. ^ Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019). "Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation". PLOS Biol. 17 (12): e3000494. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494. PMC 6892540. PMID 31800571.
  8. ^ Amador, Lucila I.; Giannini, Norberto P. (2016). "Phylogeny and evolution of body mass in didelphid marsupials (Marsupialia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 16 (3): 641–657. doi:10.1007/s13127-015-0259-x. S2CID 17393886.
  9. ^ a b c d Solari, S.; Tarifa, T. (2016). "Gracilinanus aceramarcae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T9416A22169509. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T9416A22169509.en.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Carmignotto, A.P.; Solari, S.; de la Sancha, N.; Costa, L. (2015). "Gracilinanus agilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T9417A22169828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T9417A22169828.en.
  11. ^ a b c d Pérez-Hernandez, R.; Brito, D.; Astúa, D.; Carmignotto, A.P. (2021). "Gracilinanus emiliae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T9419A197307208. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T9419A197307208.en.
  12. ^ a b c d e f Pérez-Hernandez, R.; Ventura, J.; López Fuster, M. (2016). "Gracilinanus dryas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T9418A22169714. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T9418A22169714.en.
  13. ^ a b c d e f Pérez-Hernandez, R.; Ventura, J.; López Fuster, M. (2016). "Gracilinanus marica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T9420A22169944. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T9420A22169944.en.
  14. ^ a b c d Brito, D.; Astúa, D.; Lew, D.; Soriano, P. (2021). "Gracilinanus microtarsus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T9421A197306376. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T9421A197306376.en.
  15. ^ a b c d e f Geise, Lena; Astúa, Diego (December 2009). "Distribution extension and sympatric occurrence of Gracilinanus agilis and G. microtarsus (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae), with cytogenetic notes". Biota Neotropica. 9 (4): 269–276. doi:10.1590/S1676-06032009000400030.
  16. ^ a b Martins, E. G.; Bonato, V.; Pinheiro, H. P.; dos Reis, S. F. (May 2006). "Diet of the gracile mouse opossum (Gracilinanus microtarsus) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in a Brazilian cerrado: patterns of food consumption and intrapopulation variation". Journal of Zoology. 269 (1): 21–28. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00052.x.
  17. ^ a b Martins, E. G.; Bonato, V. (1 January 2004). "On the diet of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Marsupialia, Didelphidae) in an Atlantic Rainforest fragment in southeastern Brazil". Mammalian Biology. 69 (1): 58–60. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-116.
  18. ^ Lima, Jussara Marcolino do Nascimento; Santos, Amilton Cesar; Viana, Diego Carvalho; Bertassoli, Bruno Machado; Lobo, Luis Miguel; Oliveira, Vanessa Cristina; Briani, Denis Cristiano; Costa, Gerlane Medeiros; Assis-Neto, Antônio Chaves; Ambrósio, Carlos Eduardo; Carvalho, Ana Flávia; Mançanares, Celina Almeida Furlanetto (9 December 2013). "Morphological study of the male genital organs of Gracilinanus microtarsus". Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 50 (6): 447–456. doi:10.11606/issn.1678-4456.v50i6p447-456.
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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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Gracilinanus is a genus of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It was separated from the genus Marmosa in 1989, and has since had the genera Cryptonanus, Chacodelphys, and Hyladelphys removed from it.

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Gracilinanus ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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Gracilinanus es un género de pequeños marsupiales sudamericanos de la familia Didelphidae.

Hábitat y distribución

Estos pequeños marsupiales habitan bosques húmedos tropicales y subtropicales, preferentemente en terrenos poco elevados.

Las distintas especies se distribuyen por la región neotropical, desde la costa caribeña hasta el centro de Argentina y sur de Brasil, y mientras que algunas especies como Gracilinanus agilis pueden hallarse en amplias demarcaciones territoriales, otras como Gracilinanus aceramarcae sólo habitan pequeñas áreas del subcontinente.

Características

Estos pequeños marsupiales que apenas superan los 10 cm de longitud, no presentan el marcado dimorfismo sexual aparente en otras especies de didélfidos.

El dedo oponible que poseen en los pies, característico de la familia, es mucho más grande que el resto y carece de uña. La larga cola está desnuda y dotada de capacidad prensil. Suele superar en longitud al cuerpo del animal (cabeza + tronco), llegando a alcanzar los 15 cm.

Dieta

Son omnívoros, incluyendo en su dieta numerosos tipos de alimentos como insectos y otros invertebrados, fruta y otros productos de origen vegetal.

Reproducción

La especie más estudiada es Gracilinanus agilis y una de las pocas de las que se conoce su biología reproductiva. Las hembras son fértiles con 8 o 9 meses de edad. Anualmente suelen parir dos camada de crías poco desarrolladas después de un periodo de gestación de 20 días.

Estas especies carecen de marsupio. Las crías se aferran a uno de los 13 pezones de la madre para completar su desarrollo postnatal durante los 60 a 70 días que dura la lactancia.

Comportamiento

Como el resto de las zarigüeyas, son animales nocturnos y solitarios.

Estado de conservación

De las seis especies que forman el género Gracilinanus, una de ellas, la marmosa grácil de Aceramarca (G. aceramarcae) está catalogada por la IUCN como críticamente amenazada, debido a la intensa deforestación y a las escasas poblaciones existentes.

Es precisamente la pérdida de cubierta vegetal la que está poniendo también en un aprieto la supervivencia del resto de las especies de marmosas gráciles, consideradas vulnerables o casi amenazadas.

Véase también

Referencias

Bibliografía

  • D'Elía, G. y Martínez J.A. (2006) Registros uruguayos de Gracilinanus y Cryptonanus (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) en Mastozoología Neotropical 13:245-249. Mendoza: © SAREM. ISSN 1666-0536. Documento en línea
  • Teta, P., Muschetto, E., Maidana, S., Bellomo, C. y Padula, P. (2007) Gracilinanus microtarsus (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina. en Mastozoología Neotropical 14:113-115. Mendoza: © SAREM. ISSN 1666-0536. Documento en línea
  • Voss, R.S., Lunde, D.P. & Jansa, S.A. (2005) On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials en American Museum Novitates 3482:1-34. New York: American Museum of Natural History. ISSN 0003-0082. Documento en línea
  • Wilson, D.E., y Reeder, D.M. (2005) Mammal Species of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore.

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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Gracilinanus es un género de pequeños marsupiales sudamericanos de la familia Didelphidae.

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Gracilinanus ( Fransızca )

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Gracilinanus est un genre de mammifères de la famille des Didelphidae.

Ce genre de sarigues ou opossums comprend les espèces suivantes :

Liste des sous-espèces et espèces

Selon BioLib (28 février 2019)[3] :

Selon Catalogue of Life (28 février 2019)[4] et ITIS (28 février 2019)[1] :

Selon Mammal Species of the World (version 3, 2005) (28 février 2019)[2] :

Selon NCBI (28 février 2019)[5] :

Selon Paleobiology Database (28 février 2019)[6] :

Notes et références

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Gracilinanus est un genre de mammifères de la famille des Didelphidae.

Ce genre de sarigues ou opossums comprend les espèces suivantes :

Gracilinanus aceramarcae (Tate, 1931) Gracilinanus agilis (Burmeister, 1854) Gracilinanus dryas (Thomas, 1898) Gracilinanus emiliae (Thomas, 1909) Gracilinanus marica (Thomas, 1898) Gracilinanus microtarsus (Wagner, 1842)
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Oposik ( Lehçe )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Oposik[3] (Gracilinanus) – rodzaj ssaka z podrodziny dydelfów (Didelphinae) w rodzinie dydelfowatych (Didelphidae).

Zasięg występowania

Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące w Ameryce Południowej[4].

Morfologia

Długość ciała (bez ogona) 6,7–18,5 cm, długość ogona 7–17,7 cm; masa ciała 10–58 g[4].

Systematyka

Etymologia

Gracilinanus: łac. gracilis lub gracilus „smukły, cienki”; gr. νανος nanos „karzeł”[2].

Podział systematyczny

Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki[4][3][5]:

Przypisy

  1. Gracilinanus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b A.L. Gardner & G.K. Creighton. A New Generic Name For Tates (1933) Microtarsus Group Of South-American Mouse Opossums (Marsupialia, Didelphidae). „Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington”. 102, s. 4, 1989 (ang.).
  3. a b W. Cichocki, A. Ważna, J. Cichocki, E. Rajska-Jurgiel, A. Jasiński & W. Bogdanowicz: Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, 2015, s. 2–3. ISBN 978-83-88147-15-9. (pol.ang.)
  4. a b c D. Astúa: Family Didelphidae (Opossums). W: D.E. Wilson & R.A. Mittermeier: Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Cz. 5: Monotremes and Marsupials. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 2015, s. 170–173. ISBN 978-84-96553-99-6. (ang.)
  5. Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Gracilinanus. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 2015-06-24]
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Oposik: Brief Summary ( Lehçe )

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Oposik (Gracilinanus) – rodzaj ssaka z podrodziny dydelfów (Didelphinae) w rodzinie dydelfowatych (Didelphidae).

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Gracilinanus ( Portekizce )

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Gracilinanus é um gênero de marsupial da família Didelphidae. Gardner (2005) considerou 9 espécies dentro do gênero[1], entretanto, estudos posteriores demonstraram a polifilia do mesmo, com a elevação dos gêneros Cryptonanus e Chacodelphys.[2][3] Os animais deste gênero são conhecidos vernaculamente em português como cuícas-graciosas, guaiquicas ou catitas.

Espécies

Referências

  1. GARDNER, A. L. Order Didelphimorphia. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 3-18.
  2. «On the relationships of "Marmosa" formosa Shamel 1930 (Marsupialia, Didelphidae), a phylogenetic puzzle from the chaco of northern Argentina». American Museum Novitates. 3442: 1-18, 2004. 2004 Texto "Voss, R.S., Gardner, A.L. & Jansa, S.A." ignorado (ajuda)
  3. Voss, R.S., Lunde, D.P. & Jansa, S.A. (2005). «On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials». American Museum Novitates. 3482: 1-34.
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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Portekizce )

wikipedia PT tarafından sağlandı

Gracilinanus é um gênero de marsupial da família Didelphidae. Gardner (2005) considerou 9 espécies dentro do gênero, entretanto, estudos posteriores demonstraram a polifilia do mesmo, com a elevação dos gêneros Cryptonanus e Chacodelphys. Os animais deste gênero são conhecidos vernaculamente em português como cuícas-graciosas, guaiquicas ou catitas.

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Gracilinanus ( İsveççe )

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Gracilinanus är ett släkte pungråttor som förekommer i norra och mellersta Sydamerika.

Beskrivning

Arterna tillhör underklassen pungdjur men honor saknar pung (Marsupium). I utseende påminner de om möss. De når en kroppslängd mellan 7 och 14 cm och därtill kommer en 9 till 16 cm lång svans. Pälsen är på ovansidan brun eller grå och på buken ljusare till vitaktig. Kännetecknande är en spetsig nos samt stora öronen och öronen. Honor har 11 till 15 spenar på buken och hos vissa arter även på bröstet. I motsats till några andra pungråttor lagrar de inget fett i svansen före den kalla årstiden. Ibland faller de i dvala (torpor) när vädret är för kallt.[1]

Gracilinanus skiljer sig från släktet Marmosops genom avvikande struktur av den fjälliga huden på svansen, genom nedre hörntänder som inte liknar premolarer och vissa honor genom spenar på bröstet.[2]

Arternas habitat utgörs främst av skogar i låglandet eller i bergstrakter upp till 4 500 meter över havet. De vistas vanligen i träd men kommer ibland ner till marken. Dessa pungråttor äter frukter och andra växtdelar samt insekter och delvis andra ryggradslösa djur. Troligen kan de para sig hela året. Hos en hona hittades 6 ungar.[1]

Släktet påverkas av regnskogens omvandling till jordbruksmark.[1] IUCN listar G. dryas som nära hotad (NT) och G. emiliae med kunskapsbrist (DD). Alla andra betraktas som livskraftiga (LC).[3]

Systematik

Medlemmarna räknades ursprungligen som arter eller underarter till släktet dvärgpungråttor (Marmosa). 1989 flyttades de av Gardner och Creighton till ett eget släkte.[4] Senare skildes släktena Hyladelphys och Cryptonanus från Gracilinanus.[5] Den nya klassifikationen används inte av alla zoologer.

Enligt IUCN utgörs släktet av 6 arter.[3]

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från tyskspråkiga Wikipedia, 1 september 2011.

Noter

  1. ^ [a b c] Nowak, R. M. (1999) s.19-20 online
  2. ^ Eisenberg, J. F., K. H. Redford (1999), Gracilinanus, ”Mammals of the Neotropics Vol. 3. The Central Neotropics: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil”, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, sid.58
  3. ^ [a b] Gracilinanus på IUCN:s rödlista, besökt 17 februari 2012.
  4. ^ Wilson & Reeder, red (2005). Gracilinanus (på engelska). Mammal Species of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4
  5. ^ Voss, R. S., Lunde, D. P. & Jansa, S. A. 2005. On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials. American Museum Novitates 3482:1–34, 2005.

Tryckta källor

  • Nowak, Ronald M.: Walker’s Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999 ISBN 0-8018-5789-9
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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( İsveççe )

wikipedia SV tarafından sağlandı

Gracilinanus är ett släkte pungråttor som förekommer i norra och mellersta Sydamerika.

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Gracilinanus ( Ukraynaca )

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Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Ukraynaca )

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Gracilinanus — рід сумчастих ссавців родини Опосумові (Didelphidae).

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Gracilinanus ( Vietnamca )

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Gracilinanus là một chi động vật có vú trong họ Didelphidae, bộ Didelphimorphia. Chi này được Gardner and Creighton miêu tả năm 1989.[1] Loài điển hình của chi này là Didelphys microtarsus Wagner, 1842, by original designation.

Các loài

Chi này gồm các loài:

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Gracilinanus”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Gracilinanus tại Wikimedia Commons


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến động vật có vú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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wikipedia VI

Gracilinanus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

wikipedia VI tarafından sağlandı

Gracilinanus là một chi động vật có vú trong họ Didelphidae, bộ Didelphimorphia. Chi này được Gardner and Creighton miêu tả năm 1989. Loài điển hình của chi này là Didelphys microtarsus Wagner, 1842, by original designation.

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袋负鼠属 ( Çince )

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袋負鼠屬哺乳綱的一屬,而與袋負鼠屬同科的動物尚有草地負鼠屬(草地負鼠)、粗尾負鼠屬(粗尾負鼠)、蹼足負鼠屬(蹼足負鼠)等之數種哺乳動物

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袋负鼠属: Brief Summary ( Çince )

wikipedia 中文维基百科 tarafından sağlandı


袋負鼠屬,哺乳綱的一屬,而與袋負鼠屬同科的動物尚有草地負鼠屬(草地負鼠)、粗尾負鼠屬(粗尾負鼠)、蹼足負鼠屬(蹼足負鼠)等之數種哺乳動物

 title= 取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=袋负鼠属&oldid=6805914分类负鼠目隐藏分类:维基数据有相关图片而本地未添加
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그라킬리나누스속 ( Korece )

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그라킬리나누스속(Gracilinanus)은 남아메리카에 사는 주머니쥐 속의 하나이다. 1989년 쇠주머니쥐속으로부터 분리되었다.[1]

하위 종

계통 분류

다음은 주머니쥐과의 계통 분류이다.[2]

주머니쥐과 양털주머니쥐아과

붓꼬리주머니쥐속

     

양털주머니쥐속

   

검은어깨주머니쥐속

      주머니쥐아과

칼리노프스키생쥐주머니쥐속

    쇠주머니쥐족    

회색쇠주머니쥐속

   

쇠주머니쥐속

     

짧은꼬리주머니쥐속

      주머니쥐족  

갈색네눈주머니쥐속

     

물주머니쥐속

     

족제비주머니쥐속

     

주머니쥐속

   

네눈주머니쥐속

          살찐꼬리쇠주머니쥐족  

가는주머니쥐속

       

그라킬리나누스속

   

크립토나누스속

       

파타고니아주머니쥐속

   

살찐꼬리쇠주머니쥐속

               

각주

  1. Gardner, A.L. (2005). 〈Order Didelphimorphia〉 [주머니쥐목]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 6–7쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. Amador, L.I.; Giannini, N.P. (2016). “Phylogeny and evolution of body mass in didelphid marsupials (Marsupialia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)”. 《Organisms Diversity & Evolution》: 1–17. doi:10.1007/s13127-015-0259-x.
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