There are no known adverse affects of golden bandicoots on humans.
Golden bandicoots are considered vulnerable, and populations are decreasing for a variety of reasons. Predation by non-native species, especially by feral cats, is particularly damaging to populations. Golden bandicoots on Barrow and Middle Islands seem to have stable populations because few non-native species occupy these islands. Preventing the spread of feral cats to these islands is important for conservation of this species, especially on Barrow island, where the largest population of golden bandicoots occurs.
Change in fire regimes has also negatively affected populations of bandicoots. Golden bandicoots have no cover after a fire and are easily preyed upon by non-native predators.
In some areas, golden bandicoots also competete with non-native black rats.
CITES: no special status
Golden bandicoots perceive their environment in many ways. Because they are nocturnal, they rely heavily on the ability to hear. Golden bandicoots also have an excellent sense of smell, which they use to find prey. They use their whiskers to feel around their environment. Additionally, they can see relatively well in the dark.
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; chemical
Golden bandicoots can control insect populations that are considered pests by humans, such as cockroaches, termites and ants.
Positive Impacts: controls pest population
Golden bandicoots are important prey items to native and non-native predators. As a result of their diet, they control some insect populations that are considered pests by humans, such as cockroaches, termites and ants. Golden bandicoots also disperse seeds of certain plants they eat.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
Golden bandicoots are omnivorous. Their diet mainly consists of insects such as termites, ants and other arthropods. They also eat a variety of arachnid species. Golden bandicoots have been known to prey upon turtle eggs and small reptiles. Additionally, they consume plant material, usually consisting of seeds, roots, and tubers.
Animal Foods: reptiles; eggs; insects
Plant Foods: leaves; roots and tubers
Primary Diet: omnivore
Golden bandicoots, Isoodon auratus, are endemic to Australia. They were historically found throughout the interior of Australia but are currently restricted to very small areas of Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Additional populations exist on Barrow, Middle, Augustus, Marchinbar and Uwins Islands.
Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native )
Other Geographic Terms: island endemic
Golden bandicoots occupy a variety of habitats. They can be found in dry savannah habitats with an acacia or eucalyptus overstory, and they also colonize vine thickets. They occupy coastal scrub areas as well as rainforest margins and sometimes occupy rocky, sandstone and spinifex areas. Historically, golden bandicoots occurred throughout Australia in arid and semi-arid regions.
Habitat Regions: terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune ; savanna or grassland ; scrub forest
Other Habitat Features: caves
Golden bandicoots have a relatively short life span in the wild, usually between 2 to 3 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 2 to 3 years.
Golden bandicoots are the smallest of the short nosed bandicoots, weighing between 300 and 670 g with measuring on average 350 mm in length. Males are generally larger than females. These marsupials have a compact body, sharp claws and a long nose. Their fur is brownish gold and is streaked with black on the upper and side parts of the body. The abdominal region and feet are a light amber color. The hairs of the fur are very course and stiff. The tail is long and sparsely haired. Golden bandicoots have rounded ears, and their eyes are very dark in color. They have a hunched overall body posture and are rat-like in appearance.
Range mass: 300 to 670 g.
Average length: 350 mm.
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Predators of golden bandicoots mainly consist of non-native species that were introduced to Australia, such as red foxes and feral cats. Dingos and domestic dogs also prey upon golden bandicoots. Other native predators of golden bandicoots include reptiles such as pythons and monitor lizards, as well as northern quolls, scaley-tailed possoms and rock ringtail possums.
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Little is known about the mating system of golden bandicoots.
Golden bandicoots breed throughout the year. Males and females mate briefly, and the male disperses after copulation. Gestation lasts about 2 weeks. Once the young are born they attach to one of their mother’s 8 teats inside her pouch. Offspring are very small when born, and litters consist of 2 to 4 individuals. Females nurse their young for about 8 weeks and can begin to mate shortly after the young have weaned. Juveniles become sexually mature around 3 months of age. Golden bandicoots reproduce as many times as they can during their short lives, and there is a significant increase in reproduction during seasons with high rainfall.
Breeding interval: Golden bandicoots can breed every 10 to 12 weeks.
Breeding season: Golden bandicoots breed throughout the year.
Range number of offspring: 2 to 4.
Average gestation period: 2 weeks.
Average weaning age: 8 weeks.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 months.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 months.
Key Reproductive Features: year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous
Male golden bandicoots disperse after copulation and do not contribute to raising offspring. Females provide milk to their young, which are weaned by 8 weeks of age.
Parental Investment: female parental care ; pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
El bàndicut daurat (Isoodon auratus) és una espècie de bàndicut provinent del nord d'Austràlia. És de llarg el més petit del gènere Isoodon, fent una mica més de la meitat de la mida dels seus parents, el bàndicut bru septentrional (I. macrourus) i el bàndicut bru meridional (I. obesulus).[1]
El bàndicut daurat (Isoodon auratus) és una espècie de bàndicut provinent del nord d'Austràlia. És de llarg el més petit del gènere Isoodon, fent una mica més de la meitat de la mida dels seus parents, el bàndicut bru septentrional (I. macrourus) i el bàndicut bru meridional (I. obesulus).
Der Goldene Kurznasenbeutler (Isoodon auratus) ist ein Beuteltier aus der Gattung der Kurznasenbeutler, das in verschiedenen Restpopulationen im Norden und Nordwesten Australiens vorkommt.
Die Art wird in drei Unterarten unterteilt. Die Nominatform, Isoodon auratus auratus, lebt in der Region Kimberley und auf einigen Inseln vor der Küste. Isoodon auratus arnhemensis kommt nur noch auf der nordöstlichen Halbinsel (Cape Arnhem) des Arnhemlands vor und die letzten Vorkommen von I. auratus barrowensis leben auf Barrow Island und Middle Island. I. a. auratus und I. a. barrowensis lassen sich auch molekulargenetisch voneinander und von anderen Kurznasenbeutlern unterscheiden. I. a. arnhemensis wird vor allem aufgrund der größeren Größe und einer ein wenig unterschiedlichen Schädelform als weitere Unterart registriert. Dies wird jedoch nicht von allen Autoren anerkannt. In molekulargenetischen Analysen bilden I. a. auratus und I. a. barrowensis eine Klade mit Isoodon obesulus peninsulae, einer Unterart des Kleinen Kurznasenbeutlers, die auf der Kap-York-Halbinsel vorkommt. Die Unterart muss deshalb eventuell dem Goldenen Kurznasenbeutler zugeordnet werden oder zu einer eigenständigen Art erhoben werden.[1] I. auratus barrowensis und Tiere, deren Unterart nicht bekannt ist, wurden vom Menschen auf weiteren kleinen westaustralischen Inseln ausgesetzt. Früher war die Art in weiten Teilen des westlichen und südlichen Australiens verbreitet.[2]
Der Goldene Kurznasenbeutler ist die kleinste Art der Kurznasenbeutler und durch das gelblichbraune Fell charakterisiert. Der Bauch ist weißlich bis cremefarben, der Schwanz ist orange bis dunkelbraun. Die Kopfrumpflänge liegt bei 19 bis 29,5 cm, dazu kommt ein 8,4 bis 12,1 cm langer Schwanz. Das Gewicht von I. a. auratus liegt zwischen 300 und 670 g, das von I. a. barrowensis zwischen 250 und 600 g. Ausgewachsene Männchen sind 40 bis 50 % schwerer als die Weibchen.[2]
Die Tiere leben in sandigen Gegenden, in denen vor allem Tussockgras, Eukalypten und Akazien wachsen. Ihre Nester, die aus trockenen Gräsern und Blättern bestehen, bauen sie vor allem in großen Tussockgrasbüscheln oder unter Sandsteinfelsen. Sie sind nachtaktiv, verbringen den Tag in den Nestern und verlassen diese erst bei vollständiger Dunkelheit. Sie sind 3 bis 4 Stunden nach Sonnenuntergang und eine Stunde vor Sonnenaufgang am meisten aktiv. Sie ernähren sich vor allem von größeren Wirbellosen, wobei größere bevorzugt werden. Zu ihrer Beute zählen Käfer, Termiten, Ameisen, Hundertfüßer und Larven. Außerdem fressen sie Früchte, Samen, Wurzeln, Sprössling und andere pflanzliche Teile. Pflanzliche Nahrung wird vor allem in der Trockenzeit verzehrt.[2]
Das Weibchen bringt pro Wurf ein bis drei Junge zur Welt. Der Beutel öffnet sich nach hinten und hat acht Zitzen. Es ist nicht bekannt wie lange die Weibchen trächtig sind und wie lange die Jungtiere gesäugt werden. Wahrscheinlich ähnlich lang wie beim besser erforschten Kleinen Kurznasenbeutler (Isoodon obesulus). Goldene Kurznasenbeutler werden mit sechs bis sieben Monaten geschlechtsreif.[2]
Die IUCN listet den Goldenen Kurznasenbeutler als „gefährdet“ (vulnerable). Der Rückgang der Art auf dem australischen Festland wird auf die Nachstellung durch verwilderte Hauskatzen und Rotfüchse, sowie auf größere Buschfeuer zurückgeführt. Der verbleibende Bestand ausgewachsener Individuen wird auf 30.000 Exemplare geschätzt.[3]
Der Goldene Kurznasenbeutler (Isoodon auratus) ist ein Beuteltier aus der Gattung der Kurznasenbeutler, das in verschiedenen Restpopulationen im Norden und Nordwesten Australiens vorkommt.
The golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus; Yolngu: Wan'kurra) is a short-nosed bandicoot found in northern Australia. It is the smallest of its genus.[3]
The golden bandicoot is now a threatened species. It was once found throughout much of northwestern Australia, with even a patch on the New South Wales/South Australia border,[4] but it is now restricted to the Kimberley region of Western Australia, and to Augustus, Barrow and Middle Islands off of Western Australia (I. auratus barrowensis) and Marchinbar Island of Northern Territory. It is distinguished from the brown bandicoots by its golden colouring and much smaller size.[3]
Recent genetic evidence suggests that the not only is the golden bandicoot (I. auratus) closely related to the southern brown bandicoot. (I. obesulus), but that they may in fact be the same species.[2][5] Mitochondrial DNA evidence suggests that these two species ought to be grouped into one species with 3 distinct subspecies, I. obesulus obesulus, I. o. peninsulae, and I. o. fusciventer. I. auratus would be included in the I. o. fusciventer subspecies,[6] but these changes have yet to be accepted. These two appear to have been allopatric ever since the Pleistocene, long before the arrival of Europeans.[2] The golden bandicoot is also superficially similar to the relatively common northern brown bandicoot (I. macrourus), but it can be distinguished by its smaller size, the shape of its hairs, and its more elongated head.[7] In the current classification, three subspecies are recognised: I.a. auratus, I.a. arnhemensis, and I.a. barrowensis.[8][7][5]
The largest golden bandicoot population lives on Barrow Island because no cats or foxes have been introduced to the island,[8] and other populations exist on Middle, Marchinbar, Augustus Islands.[2] Small populations on mainland Australia are located in the Northern Territory and Western Australia.[8] The golden bandicoot once lived all throughout Central Australia, but by 1992 it had been reduced to a small area in northwest Kimberly and Arnhem Land.[9] In 2000, it was assumed that the species was extinct on the mainland.[2]
In the 1930s, the golden bandicoot was well spread throughout central Australia, but by 1983 the only populations on the mainland remained in the Prince Regent National Park in the Kimberley region. It occurs in stable numbers on Barrow, Middle and Augustus Islands, and by 1995 it was known to live in the Yampi Peninsula in northern Kimberley and Marchinbar Island in the Northern Territory.[8][2] I. a. auratus occurs in the north-western Kimberley and the Augustus and Uwins Islands, I.a. barrowensis occurs on Barrow and Middle Islands off the Pilbara coast, and I. a. arnhemensis has been recorded in Arnhem Land.[7][5]
It is present in the Charnley River–Artesian Range Wildlife Sanctuary in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.[10]
The golden bandicoot lives in spinifex and tussock grasslands,[8][2] and it used to be widely distributed in arid deserts and the surrounding semi-arid areas as well as tropical forests and woodlands. In Northern Kimberley, it is found along the margins of rainforests lined with sandstone, and in the Yampi Peninsula it inhabits eucalypt woodlands.[8][2] On Augustus and Marchinbar Islands it lives amongst sandstone in hummock grassland and heath or eucalypt woodlands, and on Barrow and Middle Islands it is found in grasslands and coastal shrub. Its range once included the Gibson, Great Sandy, Great Victoria, Little Sandy, and Tanami deserts.[8] It is believed that the golden bandicoot disappeared from the deserts between the 1940s and 1960s.[5]
Individuals have a home range between 12–35 ha (30–86 acres), and the largest golden bandicoot population is on Barrow Island with about 20,000 individuals.[8][2] In fact, it is the most common mammal on the island.[2] On Middle Island it is estimated that there are about 1,000 individuals, and on Marchinbar Island there are roughly 1,400 individuals.[2][11] On mainland Australia, populations are sparse, and most population declines have occurred there.
It averages about 35 cm (14 in) in length from head to tail and weighs 260–655 g (9.2–23.1 oz) with an average of 310 g (11 oz).[8][2][7] It is the smallest of the short-nosed bandicoots with a golden colour back, hence the name, finely streaked with black fur. The sides and face are a faded light rust colour, and the underbelly is pale amber. The feet are the same colour as the underbelly and have sharp claws. The species was first described in 1897 from a specimen collected near Derby, Western Australia.[11] As with most bandicoots, the golden bandicoot has a rather long, flat, pointy nose. It is an omnivore, consuming succulents, insects, plant bulbs, and small reptiles. The golden bandicoot is nocturnal, foraging at night by digging small holes in the ground to find food.[8]
The golden bandicoot is quite rat-like in appearance due to its small body, hunched-over posture, and relatively long tail. The hind limbs are large and muscular compared to the short forelimbs. Each forefoot has three toes with flat claws, used for digging holes when hunting for prey. And, unlike most marsupials, the golden bandicoot has fused toes on its hind feet, forming a comb they use for grooming. All bandicoots in the genus Isoodon have short noses and small, rounded ears, and thus can be distinguished from most other bandicoots, which have longer noses and larger ears. Female golden bandicoots have eight teats in the rear-opening pouch.[9]
Living in hot, semi-arid environments, the golden bandicoot is well adapted to keeping cool. Indeed, it is one of only two extant bandicoot species that are especially suited for arid environments, the other one being the bilby (Macrotis lagotis).[12] Measurements in the laboratory show that the golden bandicoot has a low body temperature that is constantly changing;[12] in this sense it is heterothermic. This allows the internal body temperature to fluctuate in response to extreme environmental temperatures without inhibiting and denaturing necessary proteins. Additionally, it has a low basal metabolic rate, low thermal conductance, and low rate of evaporative water loss.[12] A low metabolic rate correlates to less heat being produced by the body, and a low thermal conductance does not allow the golden bandicoot to capture and store heat well. A highly efficient panting mechanism allows for a low rate of evaporative water loss when cooling the body,[12] conserving precious water. This is an indispensable advantage in arid and dry environments.
The golden bandicoot is nocturnal. During the day, it sleeps in dense vegetation or a hollow tree, making nests out of sticks, leaves, and grass.[8][7][9][13] At night, it actively forages by digging shallow conical pits in the ground to root up succulents (their primary source of water), invertebrates, and plant roots.[7][9][13] Because of this, its vision and sense of smell are highly developed, allowing it to see in low light and detect prey items by smell when digging.[9] The golden bandicoot will also burrow in the soil if the temperature rises in order to keep cool.[13]
Breeding occurs throughout the year and peaks during the wet season (December January) and the dry season (August).[7][13] Amongst marsupials, the golden bandicoot is known to have one of the highest reproductive rates, and it has one of the shortest gestation periods for mammals, only about 12 days.[9][13] There are about 2–3 young per litter, and they remain in the pouch of the mother for up to 8 weeks.[9][13] After this, there is little to no parental care, which allows the golden bandicoot to be such a prolific breeder.[13]
Several factors have contributed to the decline of golden bandicoot numbers throughout the century including introduced species, exotic predators, and loss of habitat. On Middle and Barrow Islands, competition with the introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) reduced golden bandicoot numbers significantly in the 1990s, but the black rat was successfully eradicated from these islands in 1993.[2][14] Since then golden bandicoot numbers have increased five-fold.[2][14] Additional competition comes from various rabbit species.[8][2]
Large birds are the primary, natural predator of the golden bandicoot, but many predatory species have been introduced within its range.[13] The European red fox (Vulpes vulpes), feral cats, and feral dogs all prey upon the golden bandicoot.[8][2][9] When feral cats were introduced to Hermite Island, the golden bandicoot quickly became extinct just before 1912.[2][7][15] On Marchinbar Island, hair samples from the golden bandicoot have been recovered in scat samples from feral dogs, and Aboriginal people have been known to hunt them as well.[2][5]
Changes in fire regions have been cited as another major factor in the decline of the golden bandicoot.[8][2][9] Reduced groundcover due to fires makes the golden bandicoot more exposed to predation,[2] but it has been reported that the golden bandicoot prefers areas that have been burnt relatively recently, as these have fresh new vegetation close to the ground.[5]
A national recovery plan for the golden bandicoot and the golden-backed tree rat (Mesembriomys macrurus ) was established in 2003 for a five-year period between 2004–2009 with three management priorities summarised as follows:[11]
Both the Parks and Wildlife Service and the Gumurr Marthakal Rangers are involved in a collaborative program to monitor existing populations, search for new populations, and look for opportunities to translocate specimen.[5]
The animal, known as Wan'kurra in the Yolngu language,[16] features prominently in song-cycles in the ceremonies of the Gumatj people of Arnhem Land. It is a common motif in the work of artist Nancy Gaymala Yunupingu, often running through scrubland.[17]
The golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus; Yolngu: Wan'kurra) is a short-nosed bandicoot found in northern Australia. It is the smallest of its genus.
The golden bandicoot is now a threatened species. It was once found throughout much of northwestern Australia, with even a patch on the New South Wales/South Australia border, but it is now restricted to the Kimberley region of Western Australia, and to Augustus, Barrow and Middle Islands off of Western Australia (I. auratus barrowensis) and Marchinbar Island of Northern Territory. It is distinguished from the brown bandicoots by its golden colouring and much smaller size.
El bandicut dorado (Isoodon auratus) es una especie de marsupial peramelemorfo de la familia Peramelidae originaria del norte de Australia.[2] Es con diferencia el más pequeño del género Isoodon, con poco más de la mitad del tamaño de sus parientes, el bandicut marrón septentrional (I. macrourus) y el bandicut marrón meridional (I. obesulus).[3]
Mide 30 cm de la cabeza a la parte superior de la cola, y su cola de 15 cm. Su peso es de 250 a 650 g. Su dorso es de color dorado con algunos pelos negros; los costados son de un tono rojido y el vientre es de color crema. La bolsa marsupial se abre hacia la parte trasera.
Anteriormente se podía encontrar en todo el noroeste de Australia, pero en la actualidad se al noreste de la región de Kimberley en Australia Occidental y las islas cercanas de Augustus, isla Barrow, Middle Island y la isla Marchimbar.
Vive en bosques de eucaliptos y en regiones semiáridas.
Datos: Q194264
Multimedia:
Especies: Isoodon auratus
El bandicut dorado (Isoodon auratus) es una especie de marsupial peramelemorfo de la familia Peramelidae originaria del norte de Australia. Es con diferencia el más pequeño del género Isoodon, con poco más de la mitad del tamaño de sus parientes, el bandicut marrón septentrional (I. macrourus) y el bandicut marrón meridional (I. obesulus).
Isoodon auratus Isoodon generoko animalia da. Peramelemorphia ordenaren barruko ugaztuna da. Peramelinae azpifamilia eta Peramelidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Isoodon auratus Isoodon generoko animalia da. Peramelemorphia ordenaren barruko ugaztuna da. Peramelinae azpifamilia eta Peramelidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Le bandicoot doré (Isoodon auratus ; en anglais : The Golden Bandicoot) est une espèce de petit marsupial, un bandicoot vivant dans le Nord de l'Australie
Il mesure 30 cm de la tête au début de la queue avec une queue de 15 cm. Il pèse de 250 à 650 g. C'est de loin le plus petit des bandicoots. Son pelage dorsal est doré avec des poils noirs mélangés ; les flancs sont roux ; le ventre crème. La poche marsupiale s'ouvre vers l'arrière.
Autrefois trouvé dans tout le Nord-Ouest de l'Australie, son territoire est limité à l'heure actuelle au Nord-Est de la région de Kimberley, en Australie occidentale et les îles voisines d'Augustus island, Barrow island, Middle Island et Marchimbar island.
Il habite dans les bois d'Eucalyptus ou les régions semi-arides.
Il est omnivore, se nourrissant de fourmis, de termites, de papillons, de tubercules et de racines, de petits reptiles ou de petits mammifères. Dans les îles, il se nourrit aussi d'œufs de tortue.
C'est un animal nocturne. Chaque mâle a son territoire avec ses femelles. Il se construit un nid dans le creux d'un arbre ou dans le sol et lorsque la chaleur devient trop forte, il creuse un terrier dans lequel il va s'installer.
Il n'y a pas de saison des amours mais la plupart des petits naissent au printemps. La durée de gestation est d'environ deux semaines. Les portées sont de 2 à 4 petits et comme la poche s'ouvre vers l'arrière, certains petits peuvent tomber et sont abandonnés. Le séjour dans la poche est de huit semaines.
Le bandicoot doré (Isoodon auratus ; en anglais : The Golden Bandicoot) est une espèce de petit marsupial, un bandicoot vivant dans le Nord de l'Australie
Il bandicoot dorato (Isoodon auratus Ramsay, 1887) è un bandicoot dal naso corto diffuso in Australia settentrionale. Di gran lunga membro più piccolo del suo genere, è grande poco più della metà dei suoi stretti parenti, il bandicoot bruno settentrionale (I. macrourus) e il bandicoot bruno meridionale (I. obesulus)[3].
Attualmente il bandicoot dorato è una specie minacciata. Un tempo diffuso in gran parte dell'Australia nord-occidentale e perfino in una piccola area al confine tra Nuovo Galles del Sud e Australia Meridionale, è ora ristretto alla regione del Kimberley, alle isole di Augustus, Barrow e Middle, al largo dell'Australia Occidentale (I. auratus barrowensis), e all'isola di Marchinbar, nel Territorio del Nord. Oltre che per le dimensioni inferiori, si differenzia dai bandicoot bruni anche per la colorazione dorata[3].
Il bandicoot dorato (Isoodon auratus Ramsay, 1887) è un bandicoot dal naso corto diffuso in Australia settentrionale. Di gran lunga membro più piccolo del suo genere, è grande poco più della metà dei suoi stretti parenti, il bandicoot bruno settentrionale (I. macrourus) e il bandicoot bruno meridionale (I. obesulus).
Attualmente il bandicoot dorato è una specie minacciata. Un tempo diffuso in gran parte dell'Australia nord-occidentale e perfino in una piccola area al confine tra Nuovo Galles del Sud e Australia Meridionale, è ora ristretto alla regione del Kimberley, alle isole di Augustus, Barrow e Middle, al largo dell'Australia Occidentale (I. auratus barrowensis), e all'isola di Marchinbar, nel Territorio del Nord. Oltre che per le dimensioni inferiori, si differenzia dai bandicoot bruni anche per la colorazione dorata.
De gouden kortneusbuideldas (Isoodon auratus) is een buideldas uit het geslacht der kortneusbuideldassen (Isoodon) die voorkomt op de eilanden Augustus Island, Barrow Island en Middle Island voor de noordwestkust van West-Australië (ondersoort barrowensis Thomas, 1901), in graslanden in het westen van de Kimberley (noordoostelijk West-Australië) (ondersoort auratus Ramsay, 1887) en op Marchinbar Island in het Noordelijk Territorium (ondersoort arnhemensis Lyne & Mort, 1981). Vroeger kwam de soort voor in allerlei droge habitats in Noord- en Midden-Australië, maar daar is hij nu uitgestorven. De drie ondersoorten verschillen sterk en worden soms als aparte soorten gezien, maar anderen zien de gouden en de gewone kortneusbuideldas (I. obesulus) niet als aparte soorten, maar als verschillende vormen van dezelfde soort.
De gouden kortneusbuideldas is de kleinste buideldas. De bovenkant van het lichaam is goudbruin, de flanken roestkleurig en de onderkant lichtgeel. De oren en ogen zijn klein. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 190 tot 290 mm, de staartlengte 85 tot 120 mm en het gewicht 250 tot 650 g.
Dit solitaire dier is 's nachts actief, leeft op de grond en eet onder andere geleedpotigen, die hij uit de bodem opgraaft. Het dier bouwt een nest van gras in dichte vegetatie. Er worden het hele jaar door jongen geboren, maar vooral als het geregend heeft.
De gouden kortneusbuideldas (Isoodon auratus) is een buideldas uit het geslacht der kortneusbuideldassen (Isoodon) die voorkomt op de eilanden Augustus Island, Barrow Island en Middle Island voor de noordwestkust van West-Australië (ondersoort barrowensis Thomas, 1901), in graslanden in het westen van de Kimberley (noordoostelijk West-Australië) (ondersoort auratus Ramsay, 1887) en op Marchinbar Island in het Noordelijk Territorium (ondersoort arnhemensis Lyne & Mort, 1981). Vroeger kwam de soort voor in allerlei droge habitats in Noord- en Midden-Australië, maar daar is hij nu uitgestorven. De drie ondersoorten verschillen sterk en worden soms als aparte soorten gezien, maar anderen zien de gouden en de gewone kortneusbuideldas (I. obesulus) niet als aparte soorten, maar als verschillende vormen van dezelfde soort.
De gouden kortneusbuideldas is de kleinste buideldas. De bovenkant van het lichaam is goudbruin, de flanken roestkleurig en de onderkant lichtgeel. De oren en ogen zijn klein. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 190 tot 290 mm, de staartlengte 85 tot 120 mm en het gewicht 250 tot 650 g.
Dit solitaire dier is 's nachts actief, leeft op de grond en eet onder andere geleedpotigen, die hij uit de bodem opgraaft. Het dier bouwt een nest van gras in dichte vegetatie. Er worden het hele jaar door jongen geboren, maar vooral als het geregend heeft.
Krótkonos złocisty[4], jamraj złoty[potrzebny przypis] (Isoodon auratus) – gatunek ssaka z podrodziny jamrajów (Peramelinae) w rodzinie jamrajowatych (Peramelidae).
Badania genetyczne wskazują na ścisłe powiązanie I. auratus z I. obelsus i w rzeczywistości oba taksony mogą stanowić jeden gatunek[5][6]. Obie formy wydają się pozostawać w specjacji allopatrycznej na długo przed przybyciem Europejczyków, nawet od plejstocenu[7].
Długość ciała 19–19,5 cm, ogona 8,4-12,1 cm; masa ciała podgatunku ausratus 300-670 g, podgatunku barrowensis 250–600 g (samce są o 40%–50% cięższe od samic)[2]. Sierść ciemnobrązowa, na brzuchu biała, krótka. Drugi i trzeci palec tylnej łapy zrośnięte, służą do czyszczenia futra.
Australia Zachodnia, Barrow Island, Double Island, Augustus Island. Przed 1930 był szeroko rozpowszechniony w centralnej Australii. Około 1983 niemal doszczętnie wyginął w całym dotychczasowym zasięgu występowania z wyjątkiem rezerwatów w północno-zachodnim Kimberley.
Prowadzi naziemny, nocny i samotniczy tryb życia. Drąży tunele i kopie nory. Jest wszystkożerny, zjada owady, jaszczurki, myszy, ślimaki i bulwy.
Krótkonos złocisty, jamraj złoty[potrzebny przypis] (Isoodon auratus) – gatunek ssaka z podrodziny jamrajów (Peramelinae) w rodzinie jamrajowatych (Peramelidae).
Isoodon auratus, conhecido como bandicoot-dourado(a), é uma espécie de marsupial da família Peramelidae, endêmica da Austrália.
Isoodon auratus, conhecido como bandicoot-dourado, é uma espécie de marsupial da família Peramelidae, endêmica da Austrália.
Isoodon auratus[2][3][4][5] är en pungdjursart som först beskrevs av Edward Pierson Ramsay 1887 och som ingår i familjen punggrävlingar.[6][7]
Isoodon auratus når en absolut längd (inklusive svans) av cirka 35 cm och en vikt mellan 300 och 650 g. Vanligen är hanar större än honor. Liksom andra kortnästa punggrävlingar har den en långsträckt nos och skarpa klor. Den grova och styva pälsen har en gulbrun till gyllen färg. Svansen är bara glest täckt med hår. Så påminner djuret i viss mån om en råtta. Honor har liksom hos flera andra pungdjur en pung (marsupium).[8]
Pungdjuret förekommer i norra Australien och på små öar nära det australiska fastlandet. Arten vistas i olika habitat som regnskogar, buskmarker och gräsmarker.[1]
Allmänt lever varje individ ensam och de etablerar revir. De är aktiva på natten och vilar på dagen i självgrävda bon som fodras med växtdelar. Sällan använder de bergssprickor eller grottor som sovplats. Längre bort från boet kan revir av olika individer överlappa varandra. Hanar har större territorier än honor.[8]
Isoodon auratus är allätare och livnär sig främst av insekter som myror eller termiter samt av andra ryggradslösa djur som spindeldjur. Dessutom äter den växtdelar som rötter, rotfrukter och frön samt mindre kräldjur och sköldpaddornas ägg.[8]
Parningen är inte bunden till någon årstid men de flesta ungarna föds efter tider med regn. Dräktigheten varar bara två veckor och sedan föds 2 till 4 ungar. De är mycket små och kravlar till spenarna i moderns pung. Ungarna diar sin mor cirka åtta veckor och efter ungefär tre månader blir de könsmogna. Hanar deltar inte i ungarnas uppfostring. Livslängden är allmänt 2 eller 3 år.[8]
Arten jagas huvudsakligen av introducerade rovdjur som hundar, tamkatter och rödrävar. Isoodon auratus faller även offer för större ormar, taggsvansvaranen och rovlevande pungdjur som Dasyurus hallucatus, fjällsvanspungdjur eller Petropseudes dahli.[8]
På grund av jakttrycket från de olika predatorerna minskar beståndet. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som sårbar.[1]
Arten delas in i följande underarter:[6]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Isoodon auratus.
Wikispecies har information om Isoodon auratus.
Isoodon auratus är en pungdjursart som först beskrevs av Edward Pierson Ramsay 1887 och som ingår i familjen punggrävlingar.
Isoodon auratus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Peramelidae, bộ Peramelemorphia. Loài này được Ramsay mô tả năm 1887.[2]
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Bài viết liên quan đến động vật có vú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Isoodon auratus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Peramelidae, bộ Peramelemorphia. Loài này được Ramsay mô tả năm 1887.
Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887)
Подвиды
Золотистый бандикут[1] (лат. Isoodon auratus) — вид из рода Коротконосых бандикутов семейства Бандикутовые. Эндемик Австралии.
Последние исследования свидетельствуют о том, что золотистый бандикут, возможно, принадлежит к тому же виду, что и малый бандикут (лат. Isoodon obesulus). Доказательством этому может служить генетическое сходство этих животных. Тем не менее оба вида имеют существенные морфологические различия[2].
Встречается на территории штата Западная Австралия, а также в Северной территории. Ранее вид был широко распространён во многих внутренних районах Австралии, однако к настоящему времени его ареал ограничен северо-западной частью региона Кимберли, островами Барроу и Миддл у побережья региона Пилбара, а также островом Марчинбал в островной группе Уэссел[3]. В центральных районах Австралии золотистый бандикут перестал встречаться в 1940—1960-х годах[2].
Естественная среда обитания вида включает в себя побережья, покрытые кустарниками, пустоши, песчаники, покрытые спинифексом, туссоковые пастбища[3]. В прошлом были широко распространены в пустынях и тропических лесах[4].
Вес животного варьирует от 260 до 655 г[4].
Ведут наземный образ жизни. Гнёзда строят или на земле, или в дуплах упавших деревьев. Активность приходится на ночь. Питаются насекомыми, червями, небольшими рептилиями, корнями растений[5][4].
Сумка развита хорошо. В потомстве от 2 до 4 детёнышей[4].
Золотистый бандикут (лат. Isoodon auratus) — вид из рода Коротконосых бандикутов семейства Бандикутовые. Эндемик Австралии.
황금반디쿠트 (Isoodon auratus)는 오스트레일리아 북부 지역에서 발견되는 짧은코반디쿠트의 일종이다. 호주의 고유종으로서 몸길이 21~43cm, 몸무게 200~600g으로 짧은코반디쿠트속 중에서 가장 작은 종이다.[3]
1년에 7번 짝짓기를 하기 때문에 번식력이 매우 뛰어나지만, 황금반디쿠트는 현재 멸종 위기에 놓여 있다. 한때는 뉴사우스웨일스주/사우스오스트레일리아주 경계 지역을 포함하여, 오스트레일리아 북서부 지역에 상당수가 서식한다고 간주해 왔으나[4] 현재는 웨스턴오스트레일리아주의 킴벌리 지역, 오거스터스 섬, 배로우 섬 그리고 웨스턴오스트레일리아에서 떨어진 미들 제도, 노던 준주의 마친바 섬 등에 제한적으로 분포한다. 금빛 채색 그리고 더 작은 크기때문에, 갈색반디쿠트와 구별할 수 있다.[3]
머리부터 꼬리까지 길이는 35cm에 달하고 몸무게는 260-655g, 평균 310g 정도이다.[5][6][7] 털가죽은 어두운 빛이 감도는 금색이다. 옆구리와 얼굴에서 색이 희미해지며, 배와 발 부분은 연한 호박색이다. 코는 다른 반디쿠트들처럼 뾰족하게 돌출돼 있다. 1897년 웨스턴오스트레일리아주 더비 근처에서 처음 표본이 채취되어 학계에 보고되었다.[8] 잡식동물으로, 알뿌리 식물· 다육 식물·곤충·소형 파충류 등을 먹고 산다. 또한 야행성으로 낮에는 휴식하고 밤 동안에 땅을 파서 먹이를 찾는다.[5]
황금반디쿠트 (Isoodon auratus)는 오스트레일리아 북부 지역에서 발견되는 짧은코반디쿠트의 일종이다. 호주의 고유종으로서 몸길이 21~43cm, 몸무게 200~600g으로 짧은코반디쿠트속 중에서 가장 작은 종이다.
1년에 7번 짝짓기를 하기 때문에 번식력이 매우 뛰어나지만, 황금반디쿠트는 현재 멸종 위기에 놓여 있다. 한때는 뉴사우스웨일스주/사우스오스트레일리아주 경계 지역을 포함하여, 오스트레일리아 북서부 지역에 상당수가 서식한다고 간주해 왔으나 현재는 웨스턴오스트레일리아주의 킴벌리 지역, 오거스터스 섬, 배로우 섬 그리고 웨스턴오스트레일리아에서 떨어진 미들 제도, 노던 준주의 마친바 섬 등에 제한적으로 분포한다. 금빛 채색 그리고 더 작은 크기때문에, 갈색반디쿠트와 구별할 수 있다.
머리부터 꼬리까지 길이는 35cm에 달하고 몸무게는 260-655g, 평균 310g 정도이다. 털가죽은 어두운 빛이 감도는 금색이다. 옆구리와 얼굴에서 색이 희미해지며, 배와 발 부분은 연한 호박색이다. 코는 다른 반디쿠트들처럼 뾰족하게 돌출돼 있다. 1897년 웨스턴오스트레일리아주 더비 근처에서 처음 표본이 채취되어 학계에 보고되었다. 잡식동물으로, 알뿌리 식물· 다육 식물·곤충·소형 파충류 등을 먹고 산다. 또한 야행성으로 낮에는 휴식하고 밤 동안에 땅을 파서 먹이를 찾는다.
