Biology
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İngilizce
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha is a domoic-acid-producing, pennate diatom. However, not all strains of this species are toxin-producers. Compared to other Pseudo-nitzschia species it does not produce high levels of domoic acid. It is often found in coastal regions and can form monospecific blooms.
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- Thessen, Anne
Diagnostic Description
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
From Lundholm et al. 2003: Overlapping cells in colonies. Cells linear in valve view; tapering part of the valve toward the tips very short, in girdle view linear. Transapical axis of valves 1.3-1.8 microns, apical axis 41-98 microns. Eccentric raphe divided in the middle by a central nodule. The fibulae regularly spaced, 15-22 in 10 microns, interstriae 34-39 in 10 microns. Striae with one row of round to square poroids, 4-6 poroids in 1 micron. Hymen of poroids perforated by 7-10 sectors. Valve mantle structured as valve face, one poroid high. Cingulum with three open bands, all containing 42-48 striae in 10 microns. Each stria 2-3 poroids wide and a varying number of poroids high, the number decreasing in abvalvar direction.
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Distribution
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha is found in tropical and temperate coastal waters. It has a more or less cosmopolitan distribution. It is often abundant in the Mediterranean Sea. For a summary of P. calliantha reports see Lundholm et al. (2003).
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Ecology
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
P. calliantha can form monospecific blooms in response to seasonal changes in the water column and nutrient run-off from land. They bloom often in response to seasonal run-off and thus can be correlated with nitrogen, phosphorus, temperature and salinity (Spatharis et al. 2009, Buric et al. 2008, Spatharis et al. 2007a, b).
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General Description
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
P. calliantha forms the step-chains characteristic of the genus. Cells are long and thin. Each stria contains one row of round to square poroids with a hymen perforated in a flower pattern. For a summary of P. calliantha morphology see Lundholm et al. (2003).
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Management
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Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha has caused domoic acid contamination of shellfish in Atlantic Canada.
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Physiology
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
A Canadian isolate of P. calliantha had a maximum specific growth rate of 0.74 ± 0.02 and a maximum pH for growth of 9.0 in the laboratory (100 micromolar photons m-2s-1 and 15°C; Lundholm et al. 2004).
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Reproduction
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha can reproduce asexually through cell division and sexually to restore cell size (Davidovich & Bates 1998). Reproduction in P. calliantha is heterothallic (Amato et al. 2007).
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Size
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Diatom LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
The average cell volume of a Canadian isolate was 250 ± 12 cubic microns (Lundholm et al. 2004).
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Distribution
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İngilizce
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World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
Probably cosmopolitan. It has been recorded from both cold water and warm water areas and from both hemispheres.
- Stonik I.V., Orlova T.Y., Lundholm N. 2011. Diversity of Pseudo-nitzschia H. Peragallo from the western North Pacific. Diatom Research 26:121-134
- Lelong A, Hegaret H, Soudant P, Bates S.S. 2012. Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) species, domoic acid and amnesic shellfish poisoning: revisiting previous paradigms. Phycologia 51:168-216.
- Lundholm, N., Moestrup, Ø., Hasle, G.R. & Hoef-Emden, K. (2003). A study of the Pseudo-Nitzschia pseudodelicatissima complex (Bacillariophyceae): What is P. pseudodelicatissima?. Journal of Phycology. 39: 797-813.
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Harmful effect
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World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
Strains from e.g. Canada, Chile, Denmark and Tunisia has been found to produce domoic acid. The amounts of DA vary from undetectable up to 0.221 pg cell-1.
Trainer, V.L., Wells, M.L., Cochlan, W.P., Trick, C.G., Bill, B.D., Baugh, K.A., Beall, B.F., Herndon, J. & Lundholm, N. 2009. An ecological study of a massive bloom of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata off the Washington State coast
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Morphology
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World Register of Marine Species tarafından sağlandı
P. calliantha belong to the morphological P. pseudodelicatissima-complex, comprising species with narrow valves (ca. 1.5-2.5µm), a central nodule and uniseriate striae. P. calliantha is mainly characterised by * narrow valve width: 1.3-1.8µm * poroids with several sectors (4-10)
- Lundholm, N.; Bates, S. S.; Baugh, K. A.; Bill, B. D.; Connell, L. B.; Léger, C.; Trainer, V. L. (2012). CRYPTIC AND PSEUDO-CRYPTIC DIVERSITY IN DIATOMS-WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA HASLEANA SP. NOV. AND P. FRYXELLIANA SP. NOV.1. Journal of Phycology. 48(2): 436-454.
- Lim, H.-C.; Leaw, C.-P.; Su, S. N.-P.; Teng, S.-T.; Usup, G.; Mohammad-Noor, N.; Lundholm, N.; Kotaki, Y.; Lim, P.-T. (2012). MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OFPSEUDO-NITZSCHIA(BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) FROM MALAYSIAN BORNEO, INCLUDING THE NEW SPECIESPSEUDO-NITZSCHIA CIRCUMPORASP. NOV. Journal of Phycology. 48(5): 1232-1247.
- Lundholm, N., Moestrup, Ø., Hasle, G.R. & Hoef-Emden, K. (2003). A study of the Pseudo-Nitzschia pseudodelicatissima complex (Bacillariophyceae): What is P. pseudodelicatissima?. Journal of Phycology. 39: 797-813.
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