Breeding Season
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Care of Adults
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Cleavage and Gastrulation
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Later Stages of Development and Metamorphosis
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Later Stages of Development and Metamorphosis
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- Joseph, H., 1925. Zur Morphologie und Entwicklungsgeschichte von Haleremita und Gonionemus. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., 125: 374-434.
- Murbach L., 1895. Preliminary note on the life-history of Gonionemus. J. Morph., 11: 493-496.
- Perkins, Y. F., 1902. The development of Gonionema murbachii. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, 54: 750-790.
- Rugh R., 1929. Egg laying habits of Gonionemus murbachii in relation to light. Biol. Bull., 57: 261-266.
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Living Material
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Living Material
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Methods of Observation
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
The Unfertilized Ovum
(
İngilizce
)
Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species tarafından sağlandı
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliyografik atıf
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- yazar
- Costello, D.P.
- yazar
- C. Henley
Comprehensive Description
(
İngilizce
)
EOL Interns LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
'Umbrella hemispherical or somewhat flatter; jelly moderately thick; velum very broad. Four radial canals and ring canal moderately broad; Manubrium fusiform, slightly shorter than bell cavity, on slight gastric peduncle; mouth with four perradial lips with slightly crenulated margins. The four gonads in form of folded pendant sac, along greater part of radial canals.' (Kramp 1961)
- lisans
- cc-by-nc
- telif hakkı
- Wolf, Elizabeth
Distribution
(
İngilizce
)
EOL Interns LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
Circumglobal in northern temperate coastal waters.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc
- telif hakkı
- Wolf, Elizabeth
Morphology
(
İngilizce
)
EOL Interns LifeDesk tarafından sağlandı
'The adhesive pads of Gonionemus vertens, located near the distal end of each tentacle, consist of a layer of columnar glandulomuscular cells surrounded by a collar of microfilament containing epithelial cells. The glandulomuscular cells contain dense secretory rods, microtubules, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi elements and myonemes. Axons located between the basal portions of the glandulomuscular cells form synapses with the glandulomuscular cells. The roles of these various cell organelles in adhesion and detachment process are discussed.' (Singla 1977)
- lisans
- cc-by-nc
- telif hakkı
- Wolf, Elizabeth
Comprehensive Description
(
İngilizce
)
Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
This bell-shaped hydromedusa has about 60-80 unbranched tentacles which evenly spaced around the margin of the bell. The tentacles have large rings of nematocycts all along their length, and partway back from the tip of each tentacle is a larger adhesive knob or pad used for attachment to objects. The tentacle tends to bend at the disk. The tentacle bulbs at the base of the tentacles are yellowish-tan. The 4 radial canals are unbranched and continue all the way to the margin of the bell. There are no centripetal canals. Ruffled flaplike orange, red, violet, or yellow-brown gonads hang down along the 4 radial canals and form a clearly visible X shape. The manubrium is colored tan and hangs down about to the bell margin, with 4 slightly frilly lips. The bell may be clear or light green.. Diameter to 2.5 cm.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc-sa
- telif hakkı
- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Distribution
(
İngilizce
)
Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Geographical Range: Alaska to southern California, Kamchatka, northern Japan, Arctic Ocean, N Atlantic to Cape Cod. On our Pacific coast not common south of Puget Sound but some blooms have appeared farther south such as near Santa Barbara, CA.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc-sa
- telif hakkı
- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Habitat
(
İngilizce
)
Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Attached to kelp, eelgrass, and other substrates; in at least partly protected waters.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc-sa
- telif hakkı
- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Comprehensive Description
(
İngilizce
)
Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
Biology/Natural History: Feeds on small crustaceans, especially copepods. The polyp is seldom seen. The polyps of this species found in Kamchatka are highly venomous but those along our coast are not. Older references list this species as a member of the Trachyline medusae.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc-sa
- telif hakkı
- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Look Alikes
(
İngilizce
)
Invertebrates of the Salish Sea tarafından sağlandı
How to Distinguish from Similar Species: Eperetmus typus is also deep bell-shaped and has nematocyst rings on the tentacles but it has no adhesive pads on the tentacles and the radial canals usually have many centripetal canals.
- lisans
- cc-by-nc-sa
- telif hakkı
- Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory
Gonionemus vertens
(
İngilizce
)
wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı
Gonionemus vertens, the clinging jellyfish, is a small species of hydrozoan in the family Olindiidae found in coastal regions throughout large parts of the Northern Hemisphere.[2][3]
Description and behavior
The appearance of Gonionemus vertens is usually described as having a transparent bell lined with 60–80 (exceptionally up to 100–110) tentacles.[4] The gonads are distinctly colored orange, red or violet if the specimen is female, or yellow-brown if it is male. The gonads are arranged hanging from four radial canals so that when viewed from above, the gonads are lined perpendicularly. The manubrium, colored tan, hangs down in the middle. The bell of the jellyfish (medusae) is only 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) in diameter,[2] exceptionally up to 4 cm (1.6 in), and when fully extended a tentacle can be twice the length of the bell diameter.[4]
The medusae reproduce sexually and the tens of thousands of eggs and sperm are released into the sea.[4] They become planula larvae that eventually attach themselves to the seabed on algae, rocks or shells as tiny polyps that measure up to 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in).[2][3] The polyps can split into several by budding. The change from polyp to tiny medusae, initially measuring only 1.5 mm (0.06 in),[3] typically happens when the water surpasses 17–18 °C (63–64 °F). Because of this, the medusae follow an annual pattern and first appear in the spring or later depending on temperature,[2][4] sometimes causing sudden blooms where many show up at once.[3] The medusae stage generally lasts no more than three months,[2] but the species can live for years in the polyp stage.[4]
During the day the medusae will attach themselves with the adhesive patches on their tentacles to various surfaces, especially seagrass, earning the species its common name clinging jellyfish.[2][3] Gonionemus vertens may catch prey when attached to surfaces during the day, but they mostly feed at night in open water,[3][4] eating zooplanktonic organisms like fish larvae and tiny crustaceans.[2]
Distribution
Gonionemus vertens is a marine and brackish species from shallow coastal waters of the north Pacific region, but there is considerable uncertainty about its exact native distribution.[4][5] It certainly includes the northwest Pacific from the Russian Far East to Japan.[2] Some authorities also include areas south to Vietnam in its native range,[3] and the northeast Pacific from the Aleutian Islands to Puget Sound (the type locality),[4] while others consider these as non-native introductions.[2] Its northwest Atlantic range off Maine and Massachusetts might be native,[5] but most regard this as a non-native introduction.[2][3] In the northwest Atlantic there are occasional records south to New Jersey.[6]
Regardless of its exact native range, its small size and polyp stage means that it has been spread to some parts of the world where certainly non-native, becoming an invasive species.[2][3] In Europe where the species is non-native, they have been found locally in the Mediterranean Sea, and along the Atlantic coast from Portugal to Norway and Sweden.[2][7] Other non-native records are from southern California, the Dry Tortugas in Florida and near Mar del Plata in Argentina, with the last being the only known locality in the Southern Hemisphere.[2][3][5]
Sting
In much of its range, Gonionemus vertens has a strong sting, which can cause pain, a swollen throat, chest tightness, muscle cramps, neuropsychiatric changes and anaphylactic shock.[2][3][5] Stinging incidents have been reported from East Asia (at least Japan and Russia), Europe and the Atlantic coast of the United States.[2][5][8] In contrast, the sting of Gonionemus vertens apparently can not be felt in its northeast Pacific range off North America where it is considered entirely harmless to humans.[5] In the past, it was also regarded as harmless on the Atlantic coast of North America and the recent strong stings in this region possibly is the result of introductions of the Asian form of the species.[3] As a consequence of this variation in the sting and minor geographic variations in the morphology, some speculate that Gonionemus vertens as presently defined is a species complex.[3]
References
-
^ Schuchert P, ed. (2011). "Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862". World Hydrozoa database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved March 8, 2012.
-
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Guillaume Marchessaux; Justine Gadreaud; Bertrand Martin-Garin; Alain Thiéry; Mélanie Ourgaud; Bruno Belloni; Delphine Thibault (2017). "First report of the invasive jellyfish Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 in the Berre Lagoon, southeast France". BioInvasions Records. 6 (4): 339–344. doi:10.3391/bir.2017.6.4.06.
-
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Fofonoff, P.W.; Ruiz, G.M.; Steves, B.; Simkanin, C.; Carlton, J.T. (2019). "Gonionemus vertens". National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
-
^ a b c d e f g h Bakker, C. (1980). "On the distribution of Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz (Hydrozoa, Limnomedusae), a new species in the eelgrass beds of Lake Grevelingen (S.W. Netherlands)". Hydrobiological Bulletin. 14 (3): 186–195. doi:10.1007/BF02260120.
-
^ a b c d e f Houghton, J. (14 June 2010). "Gonionemus vertens". CABI Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
-
^ "Gonionemus vertens « Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey". Conservewildlifenj.org. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
-
^ "Ny manet upptäckt: Väldigt kraftiga brännceller". Sverigesradio.se. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
-
^ Cross, Pam (26 June 2015). "Jellyfish new to local beaches giving out 'nasty stings'". Wcvb.com. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Gonionemus vertens: Brief Summary
(
İngilizce
)
wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı
Gonionemus vertens, the clinging jellyfish, is a small species of hydrozoan in the family Olindiidae found in coastal regions throughout large parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Japanse kruiskwal
(
Felemenkçe; Flemish
)
wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı
Japanse kruiskwal (Gonionemus vertens) is een schijfkwal met een doorsnede van maximaal twee centimeter.[1]
De kwal leeft bij voorkeur in brakwater. In Nederland komt de soort onder andere voor in het Goese Meer, de Oosterschelde, het Grevelingenmeer en het Veerse Meer[2] . In België werd de soort aangetroffen in de Spuikom van Oostende[3].
Van oorsprong komt de soort niet voor in de Europese kustwateren. Deze exoot is voor het eerst waargenomen in Nederland in 1960.
Referenties
-
↑ Swaay, van C., Wallis de Vries, M., Baxter, W., Vliet, van A. (2006). De Levende Natuur. Jaargang 7, nummer 6, november 2006.
-
↑ Drie mensen in ziekenhuis door kruiskwal in Zeeland, nieuwsbericht op webstek NOS, 29 juni 2017
-
↑ Japanse kruiskwal duikt op in Oostende (standaard.be)
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
Japanse kruiskwal: Brief Summary
(
Felemenkçe; Flemish
)
wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı
Japanse kruiskwal (Gonionemus vertens) is een schijfkwal met een doorsnede van maximaal twee centimeter.
De kwal leeft bij voorkeur in brakwater. In Nederland komt de soort onder andere voor in het Goese Meer, de Oosterschelde, het Grevelingenmeer en het Veerse Meer . In België werd de soort aangetroffen in de Spuikom van Oostende.
Van oorsprong komt de soort niet voor in de Europese kustwateren. Deze exoot is voor het eerst waargenomen in Nederland in 1960.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
Медуза-хрестовик
(
Ukraynaca
)
wikipedia UK tarafından sağlandı
Посилання
На цю статтю не посилаються інші статті Вікіпедії.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
Медуза-хрестовик: Brief Summary
(
Ukraynaca
)
wikipedia UK tarafından sağlandı
WoRMS (2011).
Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862. World Hydrozoa database.
World Register of Marine Species. Процитовано March 8, 2012. Проігноровано невідомий параметр |veditors= (
довідка)
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
Медуза-крестовик
(
Rusça
)
wikipedia русскую Википедию tarafından sağlandı
Латинское название
Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862
Систематика
на Викивидах
Изображения
на Викискладе
ITIS 50740 NCBI 515657 Медуза-крестовик[1], медуза-крестовичок[2] или гонионема[3] (лат. Gonionemus vertens) — ядовитая гидромедуза, обитающая в прибрежных водах северной части Тихого океана (от Китая до Калифорнии)[4][5]. Небольшая популяция (возможно, завозная) отмечена в западной Атлантике)[5]. Медузы держатся в зарослях морской травы зостеры. Полипы размером всего около 0,5 мм образуются при метаморфозе обычных планул. Полипы способны отпочковывать фрустулы (планулообразные почки, лишенные ресничек), которые превращаются в полипов, а также в медуз. Описано образование фрустул и медуз внутри цист, образуемых полипами[6].
Диаметр «зонтика» 25-40 мм. Внутри прозрачного тела виден крестообразный рисунок, образованный окрашенными внутренними органами (гонадами, расположенными вдоль четырех радиальных каналов пищеварительной системы). По краям зонтика расположено около 60 тонких щупалец, несущих утолщения — скопления стрекательных клеток. Щупальца имеют резкий перегиб вблизи вершины. Длина щупалец может изменяться, у полностью вытянутых щупалец она превышает диаметр зонтика.
Поражение стрекательными клетками медузы-крестовика не смертельно, но крайне болезненно.
Примечания
-
↑ Явнов С. В. Атлас кишечнополостных дальневосточных морей России / под ред. В. И. Чучукало. — Владивосток: Русский Остров, 2010. — С. 43. — 168 с. — 500 экз. — ISBN 978-5-93577-044-0.
-
↑ Орлов Б. Н., Гелашвили Д. Б., Ибрагимов А. К. Ядовитые животные и растения СССР // Справочное пособие для студентов вузов по спец. «Биология». — М.: Высшая школа, 1990. — 272 с. — 230 000 экз. — ISBN 5-06-001027-9.
-
↑ Гонионема // Гермафродит — Григорьев. — М. : Большая российская энциклопедия, 2007. — С. 407. — (Большая российская энциклопедия : [в 35 т.] / гл. ред. Ю. С. Осипов ; 2004—2017, т. 7). — ISBN 978-5-85270-337-8.
-
↑ Большая советская энциклопедия. Гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров, 3-е изд. М. «Советская энциклопедия», 1972. Т. 7. Гоголь — Дебит, 1972, 608 с.
-
↑ 1 2 Pam Fuller. 2007. Gonionemus vertens. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. Revision Date: 8/2/2007
-
↑ Uchida T. A new Sporozoan-like reproduction in the Hydromedusa, Gonionemus vertens // Proceedings of Japan Academy. — 1976. — Vol. 52, № 7. — P. 387—388.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Авторы и редакторы Википедии
Медуза-крестовик: Brief Summary
(
Rusça
)
wikipedia русскую Википедию tarafından sağlandı
Медуза-крестовик, медуза-крестовичок или гонионема (лат. Gonionemus vertens) — ядовитая гидромедуза, обитающая в прибрежных водах северной части Тихого океана (от Китая до Калифорнии). Небольшая популяция (возможно, завозная) отмечена в западной Атлантике). Медузы держатся в зарослях морской травы зостеры. Полипы размером всего около 0,5 мм образуются при метаморфозе обычных планул. Полипы способны отпочковывать фрустулы (планулообразные почки, лишенные ресничек), которые превращаются в полипов, а также в медуз. Описано образование фрустул и медуз внутри цист, образуемых полипами.
Диаметр «зонтика» 25-40 мм. Внутри прозрачного тела виден крестообразный рисунок, образованный окрашенными внутренними органами (гонадами, расположенными вдоль четырех радиальных каналов пищеварительной системы). По краям зонтика расположено около 60 тонких щупалец, несущих утолщения — скопления стрекательных клеток. Щупальца имеют резкий перегиб вблизи вершины. Длина щупалец может изменяться, у полностью вытянутых щупалец она превышает диаметр зонтика.
Поражение стрекательными клетками медузы-крестовика не смертельно, но крайне болезненно.
- lisans
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- telif hakkı
- Авторы и редакторы Википедии
カギノテクラゲ
(
Japonca
)
wikipedia 日本語 tarafından sağlandı
カギノテクラゲ: Brief Summary
(
Japonca
)
wikipedia 日本語 tarafından sağlandı
カギノテクラゲ(鉤手海月)はヒドロ虫綱淡水クラゲ目ハナガサクラゲ科に属するクラゲの一種。海に生息し、春から夏にかけアオサなどの海藻の間に見られる。
別種とみなされていたキタカギノテクラゲは現在は同種と見られている。