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Leiothrichidae ( Bretonca )

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Leiothrichidae a zo ur c'herentiad e rummatadur an evned, termenet e 1831 gant an evnoniour saoz William Swainson (1789-1855)[1].

Diouzh Doare 12.1 an IOC World Bird List[2] ez a c'hwezek genad golvaneged d'ober ar c'herentiad bremañ :

Genadoù (renket diouzh an urzh filogenetek)

Rummatadur

Dilec'hiet e oa bet un nebeud spesadoù :

Notennoù ha daveennoù

  1. (en) Leiothrichidae: Laughingthrushes Swainson, 1831.
  2. (en) Roadennoù IOC World Bird List diwar-benn Passeriformes/Leiothrichidae (lennet e-barzh d'ar 4 a viz Meurzh 2022).
  3. Alström P, A Cibois, M Irestedt, D Zuccon, M Gelang, J Fjeldså, MJ Andersen, RG Moyle, E Pasquet & U Olsson. 2018a. Comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the grassbirds and allies (Locustellidae) reveals extensive non-monophyly of traditional genera, and a proposal for a new classification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127: 367–375. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.029.
  4. Gregory SMS & E Dickinson. 2012b. An assessment of three little‐noticed papers on avian nomenclature by G.N. Kashin during 1978–1982. Zootaxa 3340: 44–58.
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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Bretonca )

wikipedia BR tarafından sağlandı
lang="br" dir="ltr">

Leiothrichidae a zo ur c'herentiad e rummatadur an evned, termenet e 1831 gant an evnoniour saoz William Swainson (1789-1855).

Diouzh Doare 12.1 an IOC World Bird List ez a c'hwezek genad golvaneged d'ober ar c'herentiad bremañ :

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Leiotríquids ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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Els leiotríquids (Leiothrichidae) són una família de moixons de l'ordre dels passeriformes creada arran els estudis fets sobre membres de la família dels timàlids (Timaliidae) que van demostrar que algunes espècies no hi estaven relacionades.

Sistemàtica

La família dels timàlids (Timaliidae) ha servit com un "calaix de sastre" on ubicar una sèrie de tàxons d'ocells del Vell Món, de difícil catalogació. La família Leiothrichidae és un dels grans clades que han aparegut arran els treballs de Gelang et al (2009).[1] El Congrés Ornitològic Internacional recull aquest canvis a partir de la versió 2.6 (2010).

Llista de gèneres

Segons la classificació del Congrés Ornitològic Internacional (versió 2.7, 2011), aquesta família està formada per 13 gèneres amb 133 espècies:

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Leiotríquids Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Gelang, M.; Cibois, A.; Pasquet, E.; Olsson, U.; Alström, P.; Ericson, P.G.P. (2009). "Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification". Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236
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Leiotríquids: Brief Summary ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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Els leiotríquids (Leiothrichidae) són una família de moixons de l'ordre dels passeriformes creada arran els estudis fets sobre membres de la família dels timàlids (Timaliidae) que van demostrar que algunes espècies no hi estaven relacionades.

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Leiothrichidae ( Danca )

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Leiothrichidae er en familie af spurvefugle, der lever i varme egne af Europa, Afrika og Asien, især i Sydøstasien og på det indiske subkontinent.

Generel beskrivelse

Disse fugle er små til mellemstore, der har stærke ben, og mange af dem lever en betydelig del af tiden på jorden. De har næb, der ligner droslers. De fleste arter har overvejende brun fjerdragt med beskedne forskelle mellem kønnene, men der findes også arter med mere markante farver.

Leiothrichidae er ikke specielt trækfugle, og de fleste arter har korte, afrundede vinger og flyver lidt kluntet. De lever i områder med spredt skovbevoksning eller buskadser, rækkende fra sumpområder til næsten ørkenagtigt land. De lever især af insekter, men mange arter æder også bær, og nogle af de største arter kan desuden æde firben og andre smådyr.

Klassifikation

Stub
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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Danca )

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Leiothrichidae er en familie af spurvefugle, der lever i varme egne af Europa, Afrika og Asien, især i Sydøstasien og på det indiske subkontinent.

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Häherlinge ( Almanca )

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Die Häherlinge (Leiothrichidae) sind eine artenreiche Singvogelfamilie, die in Asien von Israel im Westen bis China, Taiwan und Borneo im Osten, sowie in verschiedenen Gebieten in Afrika vorkommt.[1]

Merkmale

Häherlinge sind kleine bis mittelgroße Singvögel von überwiegend bräunlicher Färbung. Bestimmte Gefiederpartien, an Kopf, Brust und Bauch können auch weiß, grau oder schwarz, seltener gelb, rot, grün oder blau gefärbt sein. Zwischen Männchen und Weibchen gibt es keine auffälligen Unterschiede in ihrer Färbung. Die Flügelspitzen sind abgerundet, der Schwanz ist relativ lang. Im Verhältnis zum Rumpf ist der Kopf relativ groß, der Hals ist kurz und dick. Beine und Füße sind mittelgroß, oft stämmig.[1]

Lebensraum und Lebensweise

Häherlinge leben in verschiedenen Habitaten, von mit Akazien bestandenen Savannen über offene Wälder bis zu dichten, tropischen Regenwäldern. Sie ernähren sich von Insekten und anderen Gliederfüßern, die großen Arten verzehren auch kleine Wirbeltiere. Die Arten der Gattungen Leiothrix und Turdoides nehmen auch Früchte, Samen und Nektar zu sich. Wirbellose werden vor allem auf dem Erdboden und in der Laubschicht oder auf Blättern und Zweigen gesucht.[1]

Fortpflanzung

Die meisten Arten der Häherlinge sind monogam und beide Geschlechter kümmern sich um Nestbau, Brutgeschäft und das Füttern der Jungvögel. Bei vielen Arten der Gattung Turdoides sind die Männchen aber polygyn und haben mehrere Weibchen hintereinander oder zwei Weibchen brüten zusammen in einem Nest. Die in der Regel in Sträuchern oder Bäumen errichteten Nester der Häherlinge sind offen und werden mit Moos oder Flechten getarnt. Das Gelege besteht aus 2 bis 6 Eiern, die bis zum Schlupf der Nestlinge 13 bis 17 Tage bebrütet werden. Größere Gelege gibt es meist in nördlichen Gebieten. Zwischen dem Schlupf und dem Flüggewerden der Jungvögel vergehen 9 bis 16 Tage, ausnahmsweise auch bis zu 21 Tage. Nachdem sie ausgeflogen sind, werden die Jungvögel noch einige Zeit weiter von den Eltern mit Nahrung versorgt, bei Arten mit kooperativer Brutpflege bis zu sechs Monate lang, bei den meisten anderen weniger als einen Monat lang.[1]

Systematik

Die verschiedenen Arten und Gattungen der Häherlinge wurden früher zu den Timalien (Timaliidae) gezählt. Heute bilden sie die Familie der Häherlinge, die schon im Jahr 1832 durch den englischen Ornithologen William Swainson eingeführt wurde. Häherlinge, Drosslinge (Pellorneidae) und Timalien bilden eine monophyletische Klade innerhalb der Singvogelüberfamilie Sylvioidea, die fast 30 Singvogelfamilien umfasst.[2][1][3] Die früher in die Häherlinge gestellte Gattung Alcippe bildet seit 2019 eine eigenständige Familie, die Alcippeidae und sieben früher zu Alcippe gezählte Arten bilden seit 2019 die Gattung Schoeniparus innerhalb der Drosslinge.[4]

Gattungen und Arten

 src=
Blauflügelsiva (Actinodura cyanouroptera)
 src=
Malcolmdrosselhäherling (Argya malcolmi)
 src=
Himalajacutia (Cutia nipalensis)
 src=
Weißhaubenhäherling (Garrulax leucolophus)
 src=
Schwarzkappensibia (Heterophasia capistrata)
 src=
Riesenhäherling (Ianthocincla maxima)
 src=
Silberohr-Sonnenvogel (Leiothrix argentauris)
 src=
Flötenhäherling (Montecincla fairbanki)
 src=
Spiegelhäherling (Pterorhinus mitratus)
 src=
Weißkehlhäherling (Pterorhinus albogularis)
 src=
Weißbarthäherling (Trochalopteron morrisonianum)
 src=
Elsterdrosselhäherling (Turdoides bicolor)

Belege

  1. a b c d e David W. Winkler, Shawn M. Billerman, Irby J. Lovette: Bird Families of the World: A Guide to the Spectacular Diversity of Birds. Lynx Edicions (2015), ISBN 978-8494189203. Seite 458–460.
  2. Per Alström, Per G. P. Ericson, Urban Olsson, Per G. P. Sundberg: Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Band 38, Nr. 2. CSIRO Publishing, 2006, S. 381–397, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015 (sciencedirect.com).
  3. Magnus Gelang, Alice Cibois, Eric Pasquet, Urban Olsson, Per Alström, Per G. P Ericson: Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Sripta, April 2009, doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00374.x
  4. Tianlong Cai, Alice Cibois, Per Alström, Robert G. Moyle, Jonathan D. Kennedy, Shimiao Shao, Ruiying Zhang, Martin Irestedt, Per G. P. Ericson, Magnus Gelang, Yanhua Qu, Fumin Lei, Jon Fjeldså: Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world’s babblers (Aves: Passeriformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 130, Januar 2019, Seite 346–356, doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010, PDF
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Häherlinge: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

wikipedia DE tarafından sağlandı

Die Häherlinge (Leiothrichidae) sind eine artenreiche Singvogelfamilie, die in Asien von Israel im Westen bis China, Taiwan und Borneo im Osten, sowie in verschiedenen Gebieten in Afrika vorkommt.

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Kanghagha ( Svahili )

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Kanghagha au zogoyogo ni ndege wa familia Leiotrichidae. Wanafanana na mikesha wa familia Turdidae. Wanatokea misitu na maeneo mengine yenye miti katika Afrika na Asia. Spishi za Afrika zina rangi za kahawa, nyeusi, kijivu na nyeupe, lakini spishi nyingi za Asia zina rangi kali pia kama nyekundu na njano. Takriban spishi zote huenda kwa makundi wakiwasiliana kwa sauti. Mara kwa mara hupiga kelele sana, kwa sababu yake huitwa mpayupayu pia (“babbler” au “chatterer” kwa Kiingereza). Hula wadudu hasa lakini beri pia; spishi kubwa hula mijusi na panya wadogo na spishi kadhaa hula beri tu. Hulijenga tago lao kwa vitawi na kulificha katika vichaka vizitu. Jike huyataga mayai 2-5. Spishi kadhaa hujenga tago kwa kundi; jike mmoja tu hutaga mayai na ndege wengine husaidia kuwalinda makinda na kuwaletea chakula.

Spishi za Afrika

Spishi za Asia

Picha

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Kanghagha: Brief Summary ( Svahili )

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Kanghagha au zogoyogo ni ndege wa familia Leiotrichidae. Wanafanana na mikesha wa familia Turdidae. Wanatokea misitu na maeneo mengine yenye miti katika Afrika na Asia. Spishi za Afrika zina rangi za kahawa, nyeusi, kijivu na nyeupe, lakini spishi nyingi za Asia zina rangi kali pia kama nyekundu na njano. Takriban spishi zote huenda kwa makundi wakiwasiliana kwa sauti. Mara kwa mara hupiga kelele sana, kwa sababu yake huitwa mpayupayu pia (“babbler” au “chatterer” kwa Kiingereza). Hula wadudu hasa lakini beri pia; spishi kubwa hula mijusi na panya wadogo na spishi kadhaa hula beri tu. Hulijenga tago lao kwa vitawi na kulificha katika vichaka vizitu. Jike huyataga mayai 2-5. Spishi kadhaa hujenga tago kwa kundi; jike mmoja tu hutaga mayai na ndege wengine husaidia kuwalinda makinda na kuwaletea chakula.

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சிரிப்பான் (பறவை) ( Tamilce )

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சிரிப்பான்கள் (ஆங்கிலப் பெயர்: Laughingthrushes) என்பவை பறவைகளின் ஒரு குடும்பம் ஆகும். இவை பழைய உலகக் குருவிகள் ஆகும். இவை பல்வேறு வகை அளவு மற்றும் நிறங்களில் காணப்படுகின்றன. வெப்ப மண்டலப் பகுதிகளில் காணப்படுகின்றன. முக்கியமாக இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டம் மற்றும் தென்கிழக்காசியாவில் பல்வேறு வகைகளாக உள்ளன. இந்தக் குடும்பம் முழுவதும் பழைய உலக வாயாடிகளின் குடும்பமான டிமலீடேயின் கீழ் வகைப்படுத்தப்பட்டிருந்தன.

பண்புகள்

இவை பொதுவாகப் பூச்சியுண்ணிகள் ஆகும். எனினும் பெரும்பாலானவை பெர்ரிகளையும், பெரிய இனப்பறவைகள் சிறிய ஓணான்களையும் மற்றும் பிற முதுகெலும்பிகளையும் உண்ணும்.[1][1]

இனங்களின் பட்டியல்

  • பேரினம் பபக்ஸ் (Babax) (3 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் கர்ருலக்ஸ் (Garrulax) – (தோராயமாக 50 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் ட்ரோசலோப்டெரோன் (Trochalopteron) (19 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் மான்டிசின்க்லா (Montecincla) (4 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் டுர்டோயிடேஸ் (Turdoides) (27 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் குபியோர்னிஸ் (Kupeornis) (3 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் பைல்லந்துஸ் (Phyllanthus)
    • கபுச்சின் வாயாடி, Phyllanthus atripennis
  • பேரினம் குடியா (Cutia) (2 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் லியோத்ரிக்ஸ் (Leiothrix) (2 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் க்ரோசியாஸ் (Crocias) (2 இனங்கள்)
  • பெரினம் ஹெடிரோபசியா (Heterophasia) (8 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் லியோசிச்லா (Liocichla) (5 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் அக்டினோடுரா (Actinodura) (7 இனங்கள்)
  • பேரினம் மின்லா (Minla) (3 இனங்கள்)

உசாத்துணை

  1. 1.0 1.1 Perrins, C. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph. ed. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. London: Merehurst Press. பக். 188–190. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:1-85391-186-0.
  • Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35–54.
  • Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70–291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225–236.
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சிரிப்பான் (பறவை): Brief Summary ( Tamilce )

wikipedia emerging languages tarafından sağlandı

சிரிப்பான்கள் (ஆங்கிலப் பெயர்: Laughingthrushes) என்பவை பறவைகளின் ஒரு குடும்பம் ஆகும். இவை பழைய உலகக் குருவிகள் ஆகும். இவை பல்வேறு வகை அளவு மற்றும் நிறங்களில் காணப்படுகின்றன. வெப்ப மண்டலப் பகுதிகளில் காணப்படுகின்றன. முக்கியமாக இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டம் மற்றும் தென்கிழக்காசியாவில் பல்வேறு வகைகளாக உள்ளன. இந்தக் குடும்பம் முழுவதும் பழைய உலக வாயாடிகளின் குடும்பமான டிமலீடேயின் கீழ் வகைப்படுத்தப்பட்டிருந்தன.

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Laughingthrushes ( İngilizce )

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The laughingthrushes are a family, Leiothrichidae, of Old World passerine birds. They are diverse in size and coloration. These are birds of tropical areas, with the greatest variety in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. The entire family used to be included in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae.

Characteristics

They are small to medium-sized birds. They have strong legs, and many are quite terrestrial. They typically have generalised bills, similar to those of a thrush. Most have predominantly brown plumage, with minimal difference between the sexes, but many more brightly coloured species also exist.[1]

This group is not strongly migratory, and most species have short rounded wings, and a weak flight. They live in lightly wooded or scrubland environments, ranging from swamp to near-desert. They are primarily insectivorous, although many will also take berries, and the larger species will even eat small lizards and other vertebrates.[1]

Taxonomy

The family Leiothrichidae was introduced (as a subfamily Leiotrichanae) by the English naturalist William Swainson in 1832.[2] A comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study of the family published in 2018 led to substantial revision of the taxonomic classification.[3] The laughingthrushes in the genus Garrulax were found to belong to three separate clades that had diverged in the Miocene 7-9 million year ago. The genus was therefore split with Garrulax restricted to one clade and the genera Pterorhinus and Ianthocincla resurrected for the other two clades. The genus Turdoides was also split and species moved into the resurrected genus Argya.[3][4]

In a separate change, the crocias were moved to the genus Laniellus Swainson, 1832 which has priority over Crocias Temminck, 1836.[4][5][6]

The cladogram below is based on a study of the babblers by Tianlong Cai and collaborators published in 2019.[7][4]

Pycnonotidae – bulbuls (160 species)

Sylviidae – sylviid babblers (34 species)

Paradoxornithidae – parrotbills and myzornis (37 species)

Zosteropidae – white-eyes (146 species)

Timaliidae – tree babblers (57 species)

Pellorneidae – ground babblers (65 species)

Alcippeidae – Alcippe fulvettas (10 species)

Leiothrichidae – laughingthrushes and allies (133 species)

The cladogram below shows the phylogenetic relationships between the genera in the family Leiothrichidae based on a study by Alice Cibois and collaborators published in 2018.[3]

Leiothrichidae

Grammatoptila – striated laughingthrush

Cutia – cutia (2 species)

Laniellus – crocias (2 species)

Trochalopteron – laughingthrushes (19 species)

Montecincla – laughingthrushes (4 species)

Actinodura – barwings (9 species)

Minla – red-tailed minla

Leioptila – rufous-backed sibia

Leiothrix – Leiothrix and mesia (2 species)

Liocichla – liocichlas (5 species)

Heterophasia – sibias (7 species)

Argya – babblers (16 species)

Turdoides – babblers (19 species)

Garrulax – laughingthrushes and the hwamei (14 species)

Ianthocincla – laughingthrushes (8 species)

Pterorhinus – laughingthrushes and babaxes (23 species)

List of genera

The family contains 133 species in 16 genera:[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Perrins, C. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 188–190. ISBN 1-85391-186-0.
  2. ^ Swainson, William John; Richardson, J. (1831). Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of British America. Vol. Part 2. The Birds. London: J. Murray. p. 490. The title page bears the year 1831 but the volume did not appear until 1832.
  3. ^ a b c Cibois, A.; Gelang, M.; Alström, P.; Pasquet, E.; Fjeldså, J.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Olsson, U. (2018). "Comprehensive phylogeny of the laughingthrushes and allies (Aves, Leiothrichidae) and a proposal for a revised taxonomy". Zoologica Scripta. 47 (4): 428–440. doi:10.1111/zsc.12296.
  4. ^ a b c d Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2021). "Laughingthrushes and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 11.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
  5. ^ Gregory, S.M.S.; Dickinson, E. (2012). "An assessment of three little‐noticed papers on avian nomenclature by G.N. Kashin during 1978‐1982". Zootaxa. 3340: 44-58 [51].
  6. ^ Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., eds. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 548. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2.
  7. ^ Cai, T.; Cibois, A.; Alström, P.; Moyle, R.G.; Kennedy, J.D.; Shao, S.; Zhang, R.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Gelang, M.; Qu, Y.; Lei, F.; Fjeldså, J. (2019). "Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world's babblers (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 346–356. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010.
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Laughingthrushes: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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The laughingthrushes are a family, Leiothrichidae, of Old World passerine birds. They are diverse in size and coloration. These are birds of tropical areas, with the greatest variety in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. The entire family used to be included in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae.

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Leiothrichidae ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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Leiothrichidae es una familia de aves paseriformes. Sus miembros son propios de zonas tropicales, con gran variedad en el sur de Asia y en el subcontinente indio. La familia entera anteriormente se incluía en Timaliidae.

Características

Suelen ser aves de tamaño pequeño o mediano. Tienen patas fuertes, y algunas son terrestres. Aunque tienen coloraciones muy variadas, en la mayoría predominan los plumajes pardos, y suelen presentar mínimas diferencias entre sexos.[1]

Este grupo no es extremadamente migratorio, y muchas de las especies tienen alas cortas, y un vuelo débil. Viven en lugares luminosos son árboles. Son insectívoras, a pesar de que algunas se alimentan de bayas, y las más grandes incluso de pequeños lagartos y otros vertebrados.[1]

Lista de géneros

La familia contiene 135 especies distribuidas en 16 géneros:[2]

Referencias

  1. a b Perrins, C. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph, ed. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. Londres: Merehurst Press. pp. 188-190. ISBN 1-85391-186-0.
  2. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). «Laughingthrushes». World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Consultado el 2 de agosto de 2019.

Bibliografía

  • Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
  • Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.

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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

wikipedia ES tarafından sağlandı

Leiothrichidae es una familia de aves paseriformes. Sus miembros son propios de zonas tropicales, con gran variedad en el sur de Asia y en el subcontinente indio. La familia entera anteriormente se incluía en Timaliidae.

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Pyrstötimalit ( Fince )

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Pyrstötimalit (Leiotrichidae) on varpuslintuihin kuuluva heimo. Heimon lajit on aikaisemmin luettu kuuluvaksi timaleihin Pyrstötimalien taksonomia on edelleen osittain epäselvä, eikä heimo ole välttämättä monofyleettinen.[1] BirdLife Suomen käyttämän luokituksen mukaan pyrstötimaleihin kuuluu 19 sukua ja 119 lajia[2].

Pyrstötimaleja tavataan Afrikasta ja Kaakkois-Aasiasta. Niiden elinympäristöä ovat niin metsät kuin avoimet savannitkin ja ravintoa ovat hyönteiset. Heimon lajien koko ja väritys vaihtelee huomattavasti.[3]

Suvut

Lajeja, joilla on oma sukunsa

Lähteet

  1. Family Leiotrichidae Handbook of The Birds of The World. Viitattu 25.3.2018.
  2. Maailman lintujen suomenkieliset nimet BirdLife Suomi. Viitattu 26.3.2018.
  3. Irby J. Lovette,John W. Fitzpatrick: Handbook of Bird Biology, s. 56. John Wiley & Sons, 2016. ISBN 9781118291047. Kirja Googlen teoshaussa (viitattu 25.3.2018). (englanniksi)
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Pyrstötimalit: Brief Summary ( Fince )

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Lajeja, joilla on oma sukunsa Kirjominla Minla ignotincta Munkkitimali Phyllanthus atripennis Nepalintimali Acanthoptula nipalensis Sinilakkitimali Cutia nipalensis Viirutöyhtötimali Grammatoptila striata
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Leiothrichidae ( Fransızca )

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Les Leiothrichidae sont une famille de passereaux créée après des études phylogéniques de la famille des Timaliidae, dont on savait qu'elle était constituée de taxons non apparentés. Elle est constituée de 133 espèces dans la version 5.2 du Congrès ornithologique international (2015).

Systématique

La famille des Timaliidae a longtemps servi de « fourre-tout » taxinomique pour les passereaux de l'Ancien Monde. Le clade Leiothrichidae est l'un des quatre principaux qui est apparu lors de ces études (Gelang et al. 2009). Le Congrès ornithologique international a entériné ces modifications taxinomiques dans sa version 2.6 (2010).

Liste des genres

Selon la classification de référence (version 10.1, 2020) du COI (ordre phylogénique) :

Liste des espèces

D'après la classification de référence (version 10.1, 2020) du COI (ordre phylogénique) :

Espèces par ordre phylogénique

Références

  1. (fr+en) Référence ITIS : Leiothrichidae Swainson, 1832 (consulté le 14 janvier 2018).

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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Les Leiothrichidae sont une famille de passereaux créée après des études phylogéniques de la famille des Timaliidae, dont on savait qu'elle était constituée de taxons non apparentés. Elle est constituée de 133 espèces dans la version 5.2 du Congrès ornithologique international (2015).

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Leiothrichidae ( İtalyanca )

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Leiothrichidae Swainson, 1832 è una famiglia di uccelli dell'ordine dei Passeriformi.[1]

Tassonomia

Sino al recente passato questo raggruppamento era considerato una sottofamiglia (Leiothrichinae) della famiglia Timaliidae.[2]

Comprende i seguenti generi e specie:[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Leiothrichidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato l'8 maggio 2014.
  2. ^ Gelang M, Cibois A, Pasquet E, Olsson U, Alström P and Ericson PGP, Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification, in Zool. Scripta, vol. 38, 2009, pp. 225-236.

Bibliografia

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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

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Leiothrichidae Swainson, 1832 è una famiglia di uccelli dell'ordine dei Passeriformi.

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Leiothrichidae ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Vogels

Leiothrichidae vormen een familie van zangvogels. Dit is net als de verwante families Timalia's en Pellorneidae een zeer vormenrijke groep. De Nederlandse (vaak afgeleid van de Engelse) namen geven al aan dat er enorm veel verwarring is over de indeling van deze vogelsoorten in de verschillende families en geslachten. De geslachten Garrulax, Montecincla en Trochalopteron worden lijstergaaien (ook wel gaailijsters) genoemd. Verder heten sommige soorten en/of geslachten babbelaar, (berg-)timalia, streepvleugel of gewoon naar hun (oude) latijnse geslachtsnaam Babax, Minla of Cutia. Een bekende kooivogel, de Japanse nachtegaal (Leiothrix lutea) behoort ook tot deze familie.

Taxonomie

De hier gevolgde indeling is uit IOC World Bird Names en telt meer dan 130 soorten.[1]

Lijst van geslachten

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Leiothrichidae vormen een familie van zangvogels. Dit is net als de verwante families Timalia's en Pellorneidae een zeer vormenrijke groep. De Nederlandse (vaak afgeleid van de Engelse) namen geven al aan dat er enorm veel verwarring is over de indeling van deze vogelsoorten in de verschillende families en geslachten. De geslachten Garrulax, Montecincla en Trochalopteron worden lijstergaaien (ook wel gaailijsters) genoemd. Verder heten sommige soorten en/of geslachten babbelaar, (berg-)timalia, streepvleugel of gewoon naar hun (oude) latijnse geslachtsnaam Babax, Minla of Cutia. Een bekende kooivogel, de Japanse nachtegaal (Leiothrix lutea) behoort ook tot deze familie.

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Lattertrastfamilien ( Norveççe )

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Lattertrastfamilien, Leiothrichidae, er ein nyleg anerkjent familie av nær ca. 130 artar sporvefuglar i Asia og Afrika som blei oppretta etter fylogenetiske studiar av timalfamilien Timaliidae. Timalamilien var kjent for å vere sett saman av urelaterte taksa.

Leiothrichidae er ein av fire kladar som dukka opp i studiane til Gelang et al. 2009.[1] Familien kom med i Clementslista frå versjon 6.6 i august, 2011 under namnet 'Laughingthrushes' på engelsk.[2]

Artslista

Lattertrastar i rekkjefølgje etter eBird/Clements Checklist v2018[3] med norske namn etter Norske navn på verdens fugler:[4]

Slekt Alcippe
Slekt Grammatoptila
  • Stripelattertrast, Grammatoptila striata, Striated Laughingthrush, Vigors, 1831, (LC)
Slekt Cutia
  • Kvitbrystkutia, Cutia nipalensis, Himalayan Cutia, Hodgson, 1837, (LC)
  • Bandkutia, Cutia legalleni, Vietnamese Cutia, Robinson & Kloss, 1919, (NT)
Slekt Turdoides
Slekt Garrulax
Slekt Ianthocincla
  • Snøkinnlattertrast, Ianthocincla sukatschewi, Snowy-cheeked Laughingthrush, Berezowski & Bianchi, 1891, (VU)
  • Svartskjegglattertrast, Ianthocincla cineracea, Moustached Laughingthrush, Godwin-Austen, 1874, (LC)
  • Raudhakelattertrast, Ianthocincla rufogularis, Rufous-chinned Laughingthrush, Gould, 1835, (LC)
  • Konkakinhlattertrast, Ianthocincla konkakinhensis, Chestnut-eared Laughingthrush, Eames & Eames, 2001, (VU)
  • Plettlattertrast, Ianthocincla ocellata, Spotted Laughingthrush, Vigors, 1831, (LC)
  • Vatrelattertrast, Ianthocincla lunulata, Barred Laughingthrush, Verreaux, 1870, (LC)
  • Prikklattertrast, Ianthocincla bieti, Biet's Laughingthrush, Oustalet, 1897, (VU)
  • Kjempelattertrast, Ianthocincla maxima, Giant Laughingthrush, Verreaux, 1870, (LC)
  • Kjedelattertrast, Ianthocincla pectoralis, Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush, Gould, 1836, (LC)
  • Kvitstrupelattertrast, Ianthocincla albogularis, White-throated Laughingthrush, Gould, 1836, (LC)
  • Rustkronelattertrast, Ianthocincla ruficeps, Rufous-crowned Laughingthrush, Gould, 1863, (LC)
  • Raudhalslattertrast, Ianthocincla ruficollis, Rufous-necked Laughingthrush, Jardine & Selby, 1838, (LC)
  • Kastanjerygglattertrast, Ianthocincla nuchalis, Chestnut-backed Laughingthrush, Godwin-Austen, 1876, (NT)
  • Svartstrupelattertrast, Ianthocincla chinensis, Black-throated Laughingthrush, Scopoli, 1786, (LC)
  • Kvitkinnlattertrast, Ianthocincla vassali, White-cheeked Laughingthrush, Ogilvie-Grant, 1906, (LC)
  • Gulbuklattertrast, Ianthocincla galbana, Yellow-throated Laughingthrush, Godwin-Austen, 1874, (LC)
  • Blåkronelattertrast, Ianthocincla courtoisi, Blue-crowned Laughingthrush, Ménégaux, 1923, (CR)
  • Malabarlattertrast, Ianthocincla delesserti, Wynaad Laughingthrush, Jerdon, 1839, (LC)
  • Gulbrystlattertrast, Ianthocincla gularis, Rufous-vented Laughingthrush, McClelland, 1840, (LC)
  • Kinalattertrast, Ianthocincla davidi, Pere David's Laughingthrush, Swinhoe, 1868, (LC)
  • Gråsidelattertrast, Ianthocincla caerulata, Gray-sided Laughingthrush, Hodgson, 1836, (LC)
  • Gråbuklattertrast, Ianthocincla poecilorhyncha, Rusty Laughingthrush, Gould, 1863, (LC)
  • Okerhovudlattertrast, Ianthocincla berthemyi, Buffy Laughingthrush, Oustalet, 1876, (LC)
  • Brunhettelattertrast, Ianthocincla mitrata, Chestnut-capped Laughingthrush, Müller, 1835, (LC)
  • Brunhovudlattertrast, Ianthocincla treacheri, Chestnut-hooded LaughingthrushSharpe, 1879
  • Gjøglarlattertrast, Ianthocincla sannio, White-browed Laughingthrush, Swinhoe, 1867, (LC)
  • Spraglebabaks, Ianthocincla lanceolata, Chinese Babax, Verreaux, 1870, (LC)
  • Storbabaks, Ianthocincla waddelli, Giant Babax, Dresser, 1905, (NT)
  • Brunbabaks, Ianthocincla koslowi, Tibetan Babax, Bianchi, 1906, (NT)
Slekt Trochalopteron
  • Brunøyrelattertrast, Trochalopteron lineatum, Streaked Laughingthrush, Vigors, 1831, (LC)
  • Bhutanlattertrast, Trochalopteron imbricatum, Bhutan Laughingthrush, Blyth, 1843, (LC)
  • Strimelattertrast, Trochalopteron virgatum, Striped Laughingthrush, Godwin-Austen, 1874, (LC)
  • Skjelattertrast, Trochalopteron subunicolor, Scaly Laughingthrush, Blyth, 1843, (LC)
  • Brunlattertrast, Trochalopteron austeni, Brown-capped Laughingthrush, Godwin-Austen, 1870, (LC)
  • Blåvenglattertrast, Trochalopteron squamatum, Blue-winged Laughingthrush, Gould, 1835, (LC)
  • Sichuanlattertrast, Trochalopteron elliotii, Elliot's Laughingthrush, Verreaux, J, 1871, (LC)
  • Gråvenglattertrast, Trochalopteron variegatum, Variegated Laughingthrush, Vigors, 1831, (LC)
  • Brunkinnlattertrast, Trochalopteron henrici, Prince Henry's Laughingthrush, Oustalet, 1892, (LC)
  • Svartkinnlattertrast, Trochalopteron affine, Black-faced Laughingthrush, Blyth, 1843, (LC)
  • Kvitskjegglattertrast, Trochalopteron morrisonianum, White-whiskered Laughingthrush, Ogilvie-Grant, 1906, (LC)
  • Gulvenglattertrast, Trochalopteron erythrocephalum, Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush, Vigors, 1832, (LC)
  • Assamlattertrast, Trochalopteron chrysopterum, Assam Laughingthrush, Gould, 1835, (LC)
  • Sølvøyrelattertrast, Trochalopteron melanostigma, Silver-eared Laughingthrush, Blyth, 1855, (LC)
  • Malaylattertrast, Trochalopteron peninsulae, Malayan Laughingthrush, Sharpe, 1887, (LC)
  • Gyllenvenglattertrast, Trochalopteron ngoclinhense, Golden-winged Laughingthrush, Eames, JC, Trai & Cu, 1999, (VU)
  • Eldkragelattertrast, Trochalopteron yersini, Collared Laughingthrush, Robinson & Kloss, 1919, (EN)
  • Raudvenglattertrast, Trochalopteron formosum, Red-winged Laughingthrush, Verreaux, J, 1869, (LC)
  • Raudhalelattertrast, Trochalopteron milnei, Red-tailed Laughingthrush, David, 1874, (LC)
Slekt Montecincla
Slekt Heterophasia
  • Rustsibia, Heterophasia capistrata, Rufous Sibia, Vigors, 1831, (LC)
  • Gråsibia, Heterophasia gracilis, Gray Sibia, Horsfield, 1840, (LC)
  • Mørkryggsibia, Heterophasia melanoleuca, Black-backed Sibia, Blyth, 1859, (LC)
  • Svarthovudsibia, Heterophasia desgodinsi, Black-headed Sibia, Oustalet, 1877, (LC)
  • Dusksibia, Heterophasia auricularis, White-eared Sibia, Swinhoe, 1864, (LC)
  • Fagersibia, Heterophasia pulchella, Beautiful Sibia, Godwin-Austen, 1874, (LC)
  • Skjorsibia, Heterophasia picaoides, Long-tailed Sibia, Hodgson, 1839, (LC)
Slekt Leiothrix
  • Sølvøyretimal, Leiothrix argentauris, Silver-eared Mesia, Hodgson, 1837, (LC)
  • Safrantimal, Leiothrix lutea, Red-billed Leiothrix, Scopoli, 1786, (LC)
Slekt Minla
  • Raudhaleminla, Minla ignotincta, Red-tailed Minla, Hodgson, 1837, (LC)
  • Rustryggsibia, Minla annectens, Rufous-backed Sibia, Blyth, 1847, (LC)
Slekt Crocias
  • Gråkronetimal, Crocias langbianis, Gray-crowned Crocias, Gyldenstolpe, 1939, (EN)
  • Vulkantimal, Crocias albonotatus, Spotted Crocias, Lesson, R, 1831, (NT)
Slekt Liocichla
Slekt Actinodura

Kjelder

Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson. 2011. Updates & Corrections - August 2011 Henta 16. desember 2011

Referansar

  1. Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström et P.G.P. Ericson, Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification, Zool. Scripta, band 38 (2009), side 225-236. (pdf).
  2. Clements et al 2011
  3. Schulenberg T. S., M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, T. A. Fredericks, og D. Roberson (august 2018), eBird/Clements Checklist v2018 (CSV), Cornell Lab of Ornithology, henta 17. mars 2019 CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Syvertsen, P. O., Ree, V., Hansen, O. B., Syvertsen, Ø., Bergan, M., Kvam, H., Viker, M. & Axelsen, T. 2008. Virksomheten til Norsk navnekomité for fugl (NNKF) 1990-2008. Norske navn på verdens fugler. med oppdateringar i 2017. Norsk Ornitologisk Forening sin nettstad (publisert 21.12.2017)
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Lattertrastfamilien: Brief Summary ( Norveççe )

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Lattertrastfamilien, Leiothrichidae, er ein nyleg anerkjent familie av nær ca. 130 artar sporvefuglar i Asia og Afrika som blei oppretta etter fylogenetiske studiar av timalfamilien Timaliidae. Timalamilien var kjent for å vere sett saman av urelaterte taksa.

Leiothrichidae er ein av fire kladar som dukka opp i studiane til Gelang et al. 2009. Familien kom med i Clementslista frå versjon 6.6 i august, 2011 under namnet 'Laughingthrushes' på engelsk.

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Pekińczyki ( Lehçe )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Pekińczyki[2] (Leiothrichidae) – rodzina ptaków z rzędu wróblowych (Passeriformes).

Zasięg występowania

Rodzina obejmuje gatunki występujące w Afryce i Azji[3].

Systematyka

Do rodziny należą następujące rodzaje[2]:

Przypisy

  1. Leiothrichidae, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b Systematyka i nazwy polskie za: P. Mielczarek & M. Kuziemko: Rodzina: Leiothrichidae Swainson, 1831 - pekińczyki - Babblers, laughing-thrushes and allies (wersja: 2018-11-05). W: Kompletna lista ptaków świata [on-line]. Instytut Nauk o Środowisku Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. [dostęp 2018-11-18].
  3. F. Gill & D. Donsker: Laughingthrushes (ang.). IOC World Bird List: Version 8.2. [dostęp 2018-11-18].
p d e
Rodziny ptaków z rzędu wróblowych (Passeriformes) Królestwo: zwierzęta • Typ: strunowce • Podtyp: kręgowce • Gromada: ptaki • Rząd: wróblowebarglikowce
(Acanthisitti) tyrankowce
(Tyranni) śpiewające
(Oscines)
lirogonygąszczakialtannikikorołazychwostkowatekolcopiórkimiodojadylamparcikibuszówkowateziemnodrozdystadniakijagodziakipłatkonosykoralnikimiodnikimaoryskikowaliczkiliszkojadypieszakifletówkiczubcegórnikitrzaskaczekoralniczkijagodnikiwireonkowatewilgowatełuskowczykiszuflodziobkiostrolotykrępaczkiwangowategołogłowypaskownikidzierzbikidziwogonywachlarzówkowatedzierzbykrukowatemonarkiskałowronyczarniakimodrogłówkicudowronkidługobiegowateskalinkowatedudkowcowatekwiatówkinektarnikiturkuśnikowatetybetańczykipłochaczezłotogłówkiwikłaczowateastryldowatewdówkiwróblepliszkowatełuszczakowatepoświerkitanagrzcetrznadlepasówkihispaniolczykitrelnikiantylezeledonkiplatynkilasówkisłowikówkikacykowatehispanioletanagrzykikardynałytanagrowateaksamitnikiowadówkisikoryremizynikatoryskowronkiwąsatkikrótkosterkichwastówkowateświerszczakimimikimadagaskarniczkitrzciniakiskąpoogonkijaskółkowatebilbileświstunkiskotniczkowatepokrzewczykiraniuszkipokrzewkiogoniatkiszlarnikitymaliowatedżunglakisikornikipekińczykimysikrólikitajwaneczkipalmowcejemiołuszkipersówkowatejedwabniczkireliktowcepełzaczekowalikowatestrzyżykisiwuszkibąkojadyprzedrzeźniaczeszpakowatepluszczemuchołówkowatedrozdowate
Układ filogenetyczny na podstawie Paweł Mielczarek, Marek Kuziemko: Rząd: Passeriformes - wróblowe. W: Kompletna lista ptaków świata [on-line]. Instytut Nauk o Środowisku Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. [dostęp 2017-07-18].
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Pekińczyki: Brief Summary ( Lehçe )

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Pekińczyki (Leiothrichidae) – rodzina ptaków z rzędu wróblowych (Passeriformes).

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Leiothrichidae ( Portekizce )

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Leiothrichidae é uma família de aves da ordem Passeriformes.[1]

Gêneros

Referências

  1. Gelang, M.; Cibois, A.; Pasquet, E.; Olsson, U.; Alström, P.; Ericson, P.G.P. (2009). «Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification». Zoologica Scripta. 38: 225-236
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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Portekizce )

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Leiothrichidae é uma família de aves da ordem Passeriformes.

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Fnittertrastar ( İsveççe )

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Fnittertrastar (Leiothrichidae) är en fågelfamilj vars arter tidigare fördes till familjen timalior. Familjen omfattar bland annat skriktrastar, fnittertrastar, sibior och bandvingar.

Släkten

Källor

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Fnittertrastar: Brief Summary ( İsveççe )

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Fnittertrastar (Leiothrichidae) är en fågelfamilj vars arter tidigare fördes till familjen timalior. Familjen omfattar bland annat skriktrastar, fnittertrastar, sibior och bandvingar.

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Leiothrichidae ( Ukraynaca )

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Leiothrichidae — родина горобцеподібних птахів. Родина поширена у тропічних регіонах, найбільше різноманіття видів є в Індії та Південно-Східній Азії, а також у Східній Африці.

Класифікація

Раніше представники родини включались до складу родини тимелієві (Timaliidae).

Родина включає роди:

Посилання

  • Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
  • Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225—236.
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Leiothrichidae: Brief Summary ( Ukraynaca )

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Leiothrichidae — родина горобцеподібних птахів. Родина поширена у тропічних регіонах, найбільше різноманіття видів є в Індії та Південно-Східній Азії, а також у Східній Африці.

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Họ Kim oanh ( Vietnamca )

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Họ Kim oanh (danh pháp khoa học: Leiothrichidae) là một họ chim trong bộ Passeriformes,[1] tách ra từ họ Timaliidae.

Phân loại học

Các chi

Họ này chứa 22 chi với khoảng 133 loài.

Chuyển đi

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.
  2. ^ a ă Cai, T.; Cibois, A.; Alström, P.; Moyle, R. G.; Kennedy, J. D.; Shao, S.; Zhang, R.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, P. G. P.; Gelang, M.; Qu, Y.; Lei, F.; Fjeldså, J. (2019). “Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world's babbler (Aves: Passeriformes)”. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 130: 346–356. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010.

Tham khảo

 src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Họ Kim oanh  src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Họ Kim oanh


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Họ Kim oanh: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

wikipedia VI tarafından sağlandı

Họ Kim oanh (danh pháp khoa học: Leiothrichidae) là một họ chim trong bộ Passeriformes, tách ra từ họ Timaliidae.

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Комичные тимелии ( Rusça )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Класс: Птицы
Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
Инфракласс: Новонёбные
Инфраотряд: Passerida
Надсемейство: Sylvioidea
Семейство: Комичные тимелии
Международное научное название

Leiothrichidae Swainson, 1831

Синонимы
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Систематика
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Изображения
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ITIS 915669NCBI 1673678EOL 19365880

Комичные тимелии[5], или кустарницевые[4] (лат. Leiothrichidae)[1][2][6][7][8][3], — семейство воробьиных птиц из надсемейства Sylvioidea подотряда певчих[3]. Ранее в качестве подсемейства Leiothrichinae включалось в состав семейства тимелиевых (Timaliidae)[1]. Представители комичных тимелий широко распространены в южной половине Азии от Аравийского полуострова до островов Тайвань и Суматра, несколько видов обитают также в Африке[7][2]. Населяют разнообразные биотопы — от засушливых кустарниковых пустошей и открытых равнин до лесов, где обитают в том числе в подлеске. Среднего размера воробьиные птицы, самым крупным видом является Garrulax pectoralis, достигающий общей длины 37,5 см и массы 170 г[6].

Классификация

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Семейство Leiothrichidae является одним из крупнейших, наряду с Cisticolidae и Pycnonotidae, в надсемействе Sylvioidea[3]. В него входят 14 родов с 135 видами[7]:

См. также

Фото

Примечания

  1. 1 2 3 Moyle R. G., Andersen M. J., Oliveros C. H., Steinheimer F., Reddy S. 2012. Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Core Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae). Systematic Biology 61(4): 631—651. DOI:10.1093/sysbio/sys027.
  2. 1 2 3 Alström P., Olsson U., Lei F. 2013. A review of the recent advances in the systematics of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea. Chinese Birds 4(2): 99—131. DOI:10.5122/cbirds.2013.0016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Alström P., Hooper D. M., Liu Y., Olsson U., Mohan D., Gelang M., Le Manh H., Zhao J., Lei F., Price T. D. 2014. Discovery of a relict lineage and monotypic family of passerine birds. Biol. Lett. 10: 20131067. DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2013.1067.
  4. 1 2 Глущенко Ю. Н., Коблик Е. А., Архипов В. Ю., Глущенко В. П., Елисеев С. Л., Коробов Д. В., Коробова И. Н., Логинов Н. Г., Малых И. М., Семёнов Г. А., Симонов В. А., Хайдаров Д. Р., Чернышёв О. Г. Орнитологические наблюдения в Таиланде в 2006—2018 годах // Русский орнитологический журнал. — 2018. — Т. 27, вып. 1627. — С. 2965.
  5. Ильяшенко В. Ю. Птерилография птенцов птиц мира: гоацинообразные, туракообразные, кукушкообразные, стрижеобразные, птицы-мыши, трогонообразные, ракшеобразные, птицы-носороги, дятлообразные, воробьинообразные. — М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2015. — С. 125. — 292 с. — ISBN 978-5-9906895-6-5.
  6. 1 2 Fregin S. 2012. Molecular systematics of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea with special regard to the families Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae (Aves: Passeriformes). Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.). Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Greifswald. 116 pp.
  7. 1 2 3 Laughingthrushes and allies : [англ.] / F. Gill & D. Donsker (Eds). // IOC World Bird List (v 8.1). — 2018. — DOI:10.14344/IOC.ML.8.1. (Проверено 5 марта 2018).
  8. Zoonomen — Zoological Nomenclature Resource: LEIOTHRICHIDAE Swainson 1832. Version 1.096 (2016.10.30)
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Комичные тимелии: Brief Summary ( Rusça )

wikipedia русскую Википедию tarafından sağlandı

Комичные тимелии, или кустарницевые (лат. Leiothrichidae), — семейство воробьиных птиц из надсемейства Sylvioidea подотряда певчих. Ранее в качестве подсемейства Leiothrichinae включалось в состав семейства тимелиевых (Timaliidae). Представители комичных тимелий широко распространены в южной половине Азии от Аравийского полуострова до островов Тайвань и Суматра, несколько видов обитают также в Африке. Населяют разнообразные биотопы — от засушливых кустарниковых пустошей и открытых равнин до лесов, где обитают в том числе в подлеске. Среднего размера воробьиные птицы, самым крупным видом является Garrulax pectoralis, достигающий общей длины 37,5 см и массы 170 г.

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상사조과 ( Korece )

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상사조과(Leiothrichidae)는 참새목에 속하는 조류 과의 하나이다. 열대 기후 지역에 사는 조류로 동남아시아인도 아대륙에 가장 많은 종이 분포한다. 이전에는 꼬리치레과로 분류했다.

하위 속

계통 분류

다음은 2019년 올리버로스(Oliveros) 등의 연구에 의한 흰턱딱새소목의 계통 분류이다.[1]

흰턱딱새소목    

힐리오타과

   

요정솔딱새과

         

박새과

   

스윈호오목눈이과

         

수염오목눈이과

   

종다리과

       

니카토르과

     

아프리카솔새과

     

개개비사촌과

    섬개개비상과    

그라우어솔새과

   

개개비과

       

섬개개비과

     

도나코비우스과

   

마다가스카르솔새과

             

프노이피가과

   

제비과

      흰턱딱새상과

직박구리과

     

흰턱딱새과

     

동박새과

     

꼬리치레과

     

상사조과

   

땅꼬리치레과

            오목눈이상과

솔새과

     

힐리아과

     

오목눈이과

   

Scotocercidae

                         

각주

  1. Oliveros, C.H.; 외. (2019). “Earth history and the passerine superradiation”. 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 116 (16): 7916–7925. doi:10.1073/pnas.1813206116. PMC 6475423. PMID 30936315.
  • Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
  • Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70–291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
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