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Parnassius acdestis ( İngilizce )

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Parnassius acdestis is a high-altitude butterfly found in India. It is a member of the genus Parnassius of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. The species was first described by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo in 1891.

Description

Note: The wing pattern in Parnassius species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only. For an identification key see P.R. Ackery (1975).[1]

Hindwing with very narrow marginal band, the submarginal spots isolated, small; the ultracellular costal spot of forewing continued by grey scaling, forming an s-shaped band.[2]

Subspecies

  • Parnassius acdestis cerevisiae Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis cinerosus Stichel
  • Parnassius acdestis felix Eisner
  • Parnassius acdestis hades (Bryk)
  • Parnassius acdestis imperatoides Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis irenaephis Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis ladakensis Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis lathonius Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis limitis Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis macdonardi Rothschild
  • Parnassius acdestis manco Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis ohkuma Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis peeblesi Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis peshkei Eisner, 1933
  • Parnassius acdestis rupshuana Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis takedai Mikami & Sakakibara, 1988
  • Parnassius acdestis vogti (Bang-Haas)
  • Parnassius acdestis yanae Huang, 1998

Range

Kirghistan, Nepal, northern India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim), western China, Sinkiang and Szechwan.

Status

Very local. Rather rare. Not known to be threatened.

See also

References

  1. ^ Ackery P.R. (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 31, 4 pdf
  2. ^ Stichel in Seitz, 1906 (Parnassius). Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, Stuttgart.
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Parnassius acdestis: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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Parnassius acdestis is a high-altitude butterfly found in India. It is a member of the genus Parnassius of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. The species was first described by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo in 1891.

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Parnassius acdestis ( Fransızca )

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Parnassius acdestis est une espèce de lépidoptères de la famille des Papilionidae et de la sous-famille des Parnassiinae.

Systématique

Parnassius acdestis a été décrit par Grigori Grumm-Gerdjimaïlo en 1891 initialement comme une sous-espèce de Parnassius delphius, Parnassius delphius acdestis[1].

Liste des sous-espèces

  • Parnassius acdestis cerevisiae Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis cinerosus Stichel
  • Parnassius acdestis felix Eisner
  • Parnassius acdestis hades (Bryk)
  • Parnassius acdestis imperatoides Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis irenaephis Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis ladakensis Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis lathonius Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis limitis Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis macdonardi Rothschild
  • Parnassius acdestis manco Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis ohkuma Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis peeblesi Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis peshkei Eisner, 1933
  • Parnassius acdestis rupshuana Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis takedai Mikami & Sakakibara, 1988
  • Parnassius acdestis vogti (Bang-Haas)
  • Parnassius acdestis yanae Huang, 1998 ; présent dans l'Ouest du Tibet[1].

Description

Parnassius acdestis est un papillon au corps couvert de poils gris argentés, d'une envergure d'environ 50 mm, aux ailes grises marquées d'une ligne submarginale de points blancs doublée d'une ligne de chevrons blancs, de marques blanches au costal des ailes antérieures, d'ocelles proches de l'angle anal des ailes postérieures et de deux taches rouges aux ailes postérieures.

Biologie

Plantes hôtes

Les plantes hôtes de sa chenille sont des Fumariaceae.

Écologie et distribution

Parnassius acdestis est présent au Kirghizstan, en Bhoutan, dans le Nord de l'Inde, au Tibet et dans l'Ouest de la Chine[1].

Biotope

Parnassius acdestis réside en haute montagne, au-dessus de 3 000 m.

Protection

Philatélie

Notes et références

  1. a b et c « Parnassius », sur funet.fi (consulté le 5 mai 2012)
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Parnassius acdestis: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Parnassius acdestis est une espèce de lépidoptères de la famille des Papilionidae et de la sous-famille des Parnassiinae.

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Parnassius acdestis ( İtalyanca )

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Parnassius (Koramius) acdestis Grumm-Grshimailo, 1891, è un lepidottero appartenente alla famiglia Papilionidae.

Descrizione

Adulto

La pagina superiore delle ali anteriori ha un colore di fondo biancastro o bianco-grigiastro, col margine costale e la zona basale irrorati di scaglie nere. La cellula è di tipo chiuso e percorsa trasversalmente da due bande scure di larghezza variabile a seconda della sottospecie considerata. Il margine esterno delle ali anteriori è scuro. Una banda discale bruno-nerastra, di andamento sinuoso, parte dall'apice della zona discale e raggiunge la III venatura ma, in taluni casi, può spingersi fino al margine dorsale.
La pagina superiore delle ali posteriori ha un colore di fondo analogo a quello delle ali anteriori, ma la tonalità tende a schiarirsi progressivamente, avvicinandosi al margine. A partire dall'angolo anale le venature sono intercalate da una serie di macchie scure tondeggianti, che in taluni esemplari ricordano vagamente la forma di mezzelune. Sono presenti due macchie rosse ocellate, bordate di nero tra le venature IV e V e tra le venature VII e VIII.
Negli esemplari preparati, i cromatismi tendono a sbiadire e le venature appaiono più marcate che non nell'animale vivo.
Le antenne sono clavate e filiformi, di colore nero. L'addome è molto scuro.

Uova

Larva

Pupa

Distribuzione e habitat

L'areale della specie si estende su Kirghizistan, Nepal, India settentrionale (stati di Kashmir e Sikkim), Cina sudoccidentale (regioni di Xinjiang e Tibet, Provincia di Sichuan) e Bhutan (Chou, 1994).

L'habitat è rappresentato da zone verdi e ben esposte in alta quota, anche sopra i 5200 m s.l.m.

Biologia

Periodo di volo

Alimentazione

Tassonomia

Di questo taxon sono state descritte parecchie sottospecie e varietà, tutte molto localizzate ed endemiche (Chou, 1994):

  • Parnassius acdestis acdestis Grumm-Grshimailo, 1891
  • Parnassius acdestis carolinae Kawasaki & Helia, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis cerberus Kocman, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis var. cerevisiae Weiss & F. Michel!Michel, 1989
  • Parnassius acdestis var. chakaensis Sorimachi, 1992
  • Parnassius acdestis christianae Rose, 1997
  • Parnassius acdestis cinerosus H Stichel
  • Parnassius acdestis divinus Bryk & Eisner, 1931
  • Parnassius acdestis ekaii Kawasaki, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis felix Eisner, 1933
  • Parnassius acdestis fujitai Koiwaya, 1993
  • Parnassius acdestis hades Bryk, 1932
  • Parnassius acdestis hayashii Rose & Kawasaki, 1998
  • Parnassius acdestis horikatsuhikoi Shinkai, 1997
  • Parnassius acdestis var. imperatoides Weiss & F. Michel!Michel, 1989
  • Parnassius acdestis irenaephilus Bryk, 1943
  • Parnassius acdestis ivetae, 2004
  • Parnassius acdestis josefineae Rose & Kawasaki, 1999
  • Parnassius acdestis katsuhikoi Sugisawa, 1990
  • Parnassius acdestis var. kitawakii Kawasaki & Shinkai, 1998
  • Parnassius acdestis kozaburoi T. Mikami, 1998
  • Parnassius acdestis kukai Kawasaki, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis ladakensis Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis lampidus Fruhstotfer, 1903
  • Parnassius acdestis lathonius Bryk, 1913
  • Parnassius acdestis laurentii Epstein, 1979
  • Parnassius acdestis var. limitis Weiss & F. Michel!Michel, 1989
  • Parnassius acdestis lucifer Bryk, 1932
  • Parnassius acdestis lux Eisner, 1969
  • Parnassius acdestis macdonaldi Rotschild, 1918
  • Parnassius acdestis manco Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis marki Epstein, 1979
  • Parnassius acdestis martae Kawasaki & Helia, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis ohkumai Koiwaya, 1993
  • Parnassius acdestis okauchii Koiwaya, 1993
  • Parnassius acdestis peeblesi Bryk, 1932
  • Parnassius acdestis peschkei Eisner, 1933
  • Parnassius acdestis pundit Avinoff, 1922
  • Parnassius acdestis roweii Sorimachi, 1994
  • Parnassius acdestis rupshuanus Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis sugelicus Sorimachi, 1993
  • Parnassius acdestis takashimai Koiwaya, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis takedai Mikami & Sakakibara, 1988
  • Parnassius acdestis takenakai Fujioka, 2003
  • Parnassius acdestis var. voigti Bang-Haas, 1938
  • Parnassius acdestis wako Kawasaki, 1996
  • Parnassius acdestis var. whitei Bingham, 1907
  • Parnassius acdestis yamazakii Morita, 1997
  • Parnassius acdestis var. yanae Huang, 1998

Sinonimi

Koramius acdestis Grumm-Grshimailo, 1891

Bibliografia

  • Bryk, 1932. Parnassiologische Studien aus England Parnassiana 2 (3): 31-33
  • (EN) Capinera, J. L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology, 4 voll., 2nd Ed., Dordrecht, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2008, pp. lxiii + 4346, ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1, LCCN 2008930112, OCLC 837039413.
  • Chou I., 1994. Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2
  • Collins, N. M., Morris, M.G., 1985. Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. IUCN. ISBN 2-88032-603-6
  • Evans, W. H., 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd Ed), Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India
  • Grumm-Grshimailo G. E., 1891. Lepidoptera nova in Asia centrali novissime lecta et descripta Horae Soc. ent. Ross. 25 (3-4): 445-465
  • Huang, 1998. Research on the butterflies of the Namjagbarwa Region, S. E. Tibet Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 41: 207-264
  • Huang, 1998. Five New Butterflies from N. W. Tibet Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 41: 271-283
  • (EN) Kükenthal, W. (Ed.), Handbuch der Zoologie / Handbook of Zoology, Band 4: Arthropoda - 2. Hälfte: Insecta - Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies, in Kristensen, N. P. (a cura di), Handbuch der Zoologie, Fischer, M. (Scientific Editor), Teilband/Part 35: Volume 1: Evolution, systematics, and biogeography, Berlino, New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1999 [1998], pp. x + 491, ISBN 978-3-11-015704-8, OCLC 174380917.
  • Sakai S., Inaoka S., Toshiaki A., Yamaguchi S., Watanabe Y., 2002. The Parnassiology. The Parnassius Butterflies, A Study in Evolution, Kodansha, Japan. ISBN 4-06-124051-X
  • (EN) Scoble, M. J., The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity, seconda edizione, London, Oxford University Press & Natural History Museum, 2011 [1992], pp. xi, 404, ISBN 978-0-19-854952-9, LCCN 92004297, OCLC 25282932.
  • (EN) Stehr, F. W. (Ed.), Immature Insects, 2 volumi, seconda edizione, Dubuque, Iowa, Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1991 [1987], pp. ix, 754, ISBN 978-0-8403-3702-3, LCCN 85081922, OCLC 13784377.
  • Weiss J., 1999. Parnassiinae of the World, Hillside Books, Canterbury, UK. ISBN 0-9532240-2-3
  • Wynter-Blyth, M.A., 1957. Butterflies of the Indian Region, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India.

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Parnassius acdestis: Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

wikipedia IT tarafından sağlandı

Parnassius (Koramius) acdestis Grumm-Grshimailo, 1891, è un lepidottero appartenente alla famiglia Papilionidae.

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Parnassius acdestis ( Latince )

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Parnassius acdestis est papilio subfamiliae Parnassiinae familiae Papilionidarum, qui altitudines altas praecipue in India (Jammu, Kashmir, Sikkim) et in Kyrgyzstania, Nepalia, et Sina occidentali (Sinkiang et Szechwan) habitat.

Subspecies

  • Parnassius acdestis cerevisiae Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis cinerosus Stichel
  • Parnassius acdestis felix Eisner
  • Parnassius acdestis hades (Bryk)
  • Parnassius acdestis imperatoides Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis irenaephis Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis ladakensis Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis lathonius Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis limitis Weiss & Michel
  • Parnassius acdestis macdonardi Rothschild
  • Parnassius acdestis manco Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis ohkuma Koiwaya
  • Parnassius acdestis peeblesi Bryk
  • Parnassius acdestis peshkei Eisner, 1933
  • Parnassius acdestis rupshuana Avinoff, 1916
  • Parnassius acdestis takedai Mikami & Sakakibara, 1988
  • Parnassius acdestis vogti (Bang-Haas)
  • Parnassius acdestis yanae Huang, 1998

Bibliographia

  • Ackery P. R. 1975. A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History. (Ent.) 31(4). PDF.
  • Collins, N. Mark, et Michael G. Morris. 1985. Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland et Cantabrigiae: International Union for Conservation of Nature. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6.
  • Evans, W. H. 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies. Ed. 2a. Mumbai Indiae: Bombay Natural History Society.
  • Sakai S., S. Inaoka, A. Toshiaki, S. Yamaguchi, et Y. Watanabe Y. 2002. The Parnassiology: The Parnassius Butterflies, A Study in Evolution. Iaponia: Kodansha. ISBN 4-06-124051-X.
  • Stichel, Hans Ferdinand Emil Julius. 1906. Parnassius. In Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde, ed Adalbert Seitz. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Stutgardiae: Die palaearktischen Tagfalter.
  • Weiss Jean-Claude. 1999. Parnassiinae of the World. Cantuariae: Hillside Books. ISBN 0-9532240-2-3. OCLC 41072974.
  • Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander. 1957. Butterflies of the Indian Region. Google Books. Bombay Indiae: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-8170192329.

Nexus externi

  • NRM Holotypus Parnassii acdestis peeblesi Felix Bryk, 1932.
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Parnassius acdestis: Brief Summary ( Latince )

wikipedia LA tarafından sağlandı

Parnassius acdestis est papilio subfamiliae Parnassiinae familiae Papilionidarum, qui altitudines altas praecipue in India (Jammu, Kashmir, Sikkim) et in Kyrgyzstania, Nepalia, et Sina occidentali (Sinkiang et Szechwan) habitat.

Subspecies Parnassius acdestis cerevisiae Weiss & Michel Parnassius acdestis cinerosus Stichel Parnassius acdestis felix Eisner Parnassius acdestis hades (Bryk) Parnassius acdestis imperatoides Weiss & Michel Parnassius acdestis irenaephis Bryk Parnassius acdestis ladakensis Avinoff, 1916 Parnassius acdestis lathonius Bryk Parnassius acdestis limitis Weiss & Michel Parnassius acdestis macdonardi Rothschild Parnassius acdestis manco Koiwaya Parnassius acdestis ohkuma Koiwaya Parnassius acdestis peeblesi Bryk Parnassius acdestis peshkei Eisner, 1933 Parnassius acdestis rupshuana Avinoff, 1916 Parnassius acdestis takedai Mikami & Sakakibara, 1988 Parnassius acdestis vogti (Bang-Haas) Parnassius acdestis yanae Huang, 1998
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Parnassius acdestis ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Insecten

Parnassius acdestis is een vlinder uit de familie van de pages (Papilionidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1891 door Grum-Grshimailo.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
01-04-2013
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Parnassius acdestis ( Vietnamca )

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Tango style Wikipedia Icon.svg
Đây là một bài mồ côi vì không có hoặc có ít bài khác liên kết đến nó.
Xin hãy tạo liên kết đến bài này trong các bài của các chủ đề liên quan. (tháng 7 2018)


Parnassius acdestis là một loài bướm ngày ở vùng núi cao, được tìm thấy ở Ấn Độ. Loài này thuộc chi Parnassius, trong họ Papilionidae).

Dải phân bố

Kirghistan, Nepal, miền bắc India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim), miền tây Trung Quốc, Sinkiang và Szechwan.

Hiện trang

Loài địa phương, rất hiếm, không bị đe dọa.

Xem thêm

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

  • Collins, N.M., Morris, M.G. (1985) Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. IUCN. ISBN 2880326036
  • Evans, W.H., (1932) The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd Ed), Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India
  • Wynter-Blyth, M.A., (1957) Butterflies of the Indian Region, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India.
  • Sakai S., Inaoka S., Toshiaki A., Yamaguchi S., Watanabe Y., (2002) The Parnassiology. The Parnassius Butterflies, A Study in Evolution, Kodansha, Japan. ISBN 406124051-X
  • Weiss Jean-Claude, (1999) Parnassiinae of the World, Hillside Books, Canterbury, UK. ISBN 0953224023, OCLC 41072974

Liên kết ngoài

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Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Họ Bướm phượng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Parnassius acdestis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

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Parnassius acdestis là một loài bướm ngày ở vùng núi cao, được tìm thấy ở Ấn Độ. Loài này thuộc chi Parnassius, trong họ Papilionidae).

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