dcsimg

Biology ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
Like most other owls, the Sokoke scops-owl is nocturnal, and is also sometimes active around dawn and dusk (2). The majority of the Sokoke scops-owl's diet consists of insects, such as beetles and crickets, and it often sits on a perch, three or four meters off the ground, and then drops from a stationary position down onto its prey (2) (4). During the day it roosts in thickets, with its body compressed, ears erect and eyes drawn closed to slits (4). There is nothing known about the breeding behaviour of this owl, but it is thought that it may nest in natural cavities in large or old Brachylaena trees (2).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Conservation ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
The Sokoke scops-owl is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), which means that any trade in this species should be carefully regulated (3). It has been the focus of a number of surveys (4) (7), and there are also measures in place in both parts of its range to conserve critical habitat. The Arabuko-Sokoke forest was established as a reserve in 1943, and contains two nature reserves within it (8). The Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Management Team has developed a Strategic Forest Management Plan, which aims to have an intact and fully functioning forest ecosystem with no reduction in the existing forest area by 2027 (5). In the East Usambaras, the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group has been promoting conservation since 1993. The project has assisted villagers to plant over one million trees, establish three village forest reserves, and have a greater understanding of forest conservation (9).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Description ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
This tiny owl, discovered as late as 1965 in the Arabuko-Sokoke forest in Kenya, occurs in three different morphs, or forms; dark brown, grey-brown or rufous plumage, heavily barred, streaked and spotted. The face is light rufous to brown and buff, with whitish or buffy eyebrows. The large, yellow eyes provide excellent eyesight for hunting at night. The Sokoke scops-owl has a soft too-too-too call, that is repeated around ten times a minute, and is most frequently heard just a couple of hours before dawn or after dusk (2).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Habitat ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
The Sokoke scops-owl inhabits tropical forest, generally dominated by the tree species Cynometra and Brachylaena. In Arabuka-Sokoke it occurs from the lowlands up to 70 meters; in the Usambara Mountains it has been found between 200 and 400 meters (2).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Range ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
Occurs in the Arabuku-Sokoke forest in south east Kenya, and in the East Usambara Mountains of north east Tanzania (2).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Status ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
Classified as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List 2006 (1) and listed on Appendix II of CITES (3).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Threats ( İngilizce )

Arkive tarafından sağlandı
The Arabuko-Sokoke forest has been overexploited during recent years by commercial logging. Commercial harvesting has not been regulated and, coupled with rampant, illegal exploitation, has contributed to forest degradation and loss of biodiversity (5). Within the Sokoke scops-owl's Tanzanian range, the mountains support a high human population density, which places enormous pressure on the land for subsistence agriculture. In the past, mechanical harvesting of timber caused much environmental damage, but that has now stopped and today most timber is extracted using pit-sawing techniques, where professional sawyers cut trees into planks on site, and walk out the forest with sawn timber. Whilst this is much less damaging, almost all of this harvesting is illegal. In addition, firewood harvesting is extensive throughout the mountains, and is particularly hard to regulate (6). The harvesting of particular tree species is likely to have a great impact on the Sokoke scops-owl as Brachylaena trees provide essential nesting sites, and Cynometra trees are important areas for roosting and foraging (4).
lisans
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wildscreen
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
Arkive

Comprehensive Description ( İngilizce )

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology tarafından sağlandı
Otus ireneae Ripley

Mrs. Morden’s Owlet, recently described by the senior author (Ripley 1966), has previously been known only from the unique type. Three males recently obtained in the Sokoke Forest by Forbes-Watson and another male collected by Dr. Purvis L. Martin for the Los Angeles County Museum provide additional data on this rare owlet.

Two of the specimens collected by Forbes-Watson are indistinguishable from the type in their tawny grayish-brown coloration, but the third specimen is a clear bright rufous, both above and below, and has the belly and mantle sparsely sprinkled with small blackish spots.

The stomachs contained mostly fragments of medium-sized saltatorial Orthoptera, e.g., crickets, katydids, and a walkingstick. All of these insects are arboreal leaf-feeding types likely to occur in vegetation off the ground.

On a tape recording of the call of this owlet, Forbes-Watson provides the comment that the bird produces eight “toots” in five seconds, corresponding in pitch to B flat on the treble cleff.

Individual weights of three males were 46, 50, and 55 grams.
bibliyografik atıf
Ripley, S. Dillon and Bond, Gorman M. 1971. "Systematic notes on a collection of birds from Kenya." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.111

Xot de Sokoke ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

wikipedia CA tarafından sağlandı

El xot de Sokoke (Otus ireneae) és un ocell de la família dels estrígids (Strigidae) que habita la sabana miombo de la zona costanera central de Kenya.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Xot de Sokoke Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata


lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia CA

Xot de Sokoke: Brief Summary ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

wikipedia CA tarafından sağlandı

El xot de Sokoke (Otus ireneae) és un ocell de la família dels estrígids (Strigidae) que habita la sabana miombo de la zona costanera central de Kenya.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia CA

Tylluan sgops Sokoke ( Galce )

wikipedia CY tarafından sağlandı

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Tylluan sgops Sokoke (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: tylluanod sgops Sokoke) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Otus ireneae; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Sokoke scops owl. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Tylluanod (Lladin: Strigidae) sydd yn urdd y Strigiformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn O. ireneae, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]

Teulu

Mae'r tylluan sgops Sokoke yn perthyn i deulu'r Tylluanod (Lladin: Strigidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Cordylluan Glaucidium passerinum Cordylluan Bolifia Glaucidium bolivianum
YungasPygmyOwl.jpg
Cordylluan Brasil Glaucidium brasilianum
Cactus Ferruginous Pygmy-owl.jpg
Cordylluan Ciwba Glaucidium siju
Cuban Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium siju).jpg
Cordylluan dorchog Glaucidium brodiei
Collared Owlet.jpg
Cordylluan fannog Glaucidium perlatum
Glaucidium perlatum (Etosha).jpg
Cordylluan frongoch Glaucidium tephronotum
GlaucidiumKeulemans.jpg
Cordylluan Hardy Glaucidium hardyi
Amazonian Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium hardyi) in tree.jpg
Cordylluan resog Asia Glaucidium cuculoides
Glaucidium cuculoides - Mae Wong.jpg
Cordylluan y goedwig Glaucidium radiatum
BarredJungleOwlet-2.jpg
Cordylluan y Gogledd Glaucidium gnoma
Mountain Pygmy Owl Glaucidium gnoma Arizona.jpg
Cordylluan yr Andes Glaucidium jardinii
Andean Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium jardinii) in tree.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia CY

Tylluan sgops Sokoke: Brief Summary ( Galce )

wikipedia CY tarafından sağlandı

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Tylluan sgops Sokoke (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: tylluanod sgops Sokoke) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Otus ireneae; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Sokoke scops owl. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Tylluanod (Lladin: Strigidae) sydd yn urdd y Strigiformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn O. ireneae, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia CY

Sokoke-Zwergohreule ( Almanca )

wikipedia DE tarafından sağlandı

Die Sokoke-Zwergohreule (Otus ireneae) ist eine Eulenart aus der Gattung der Zwergohreulen. Ihr Vorkommen ist auf ein kleines Gebiet in Ostafrika beschränkt.

Beschreibung

Die Länge beträgt 16 bis 18 Zentimeter bei einem Gewicht von 45 bis 55 Gramm. Es gibt eine graue, eine dunkelbraune und eine rötliche Morphe, zusätzlich auch Übergangsformen. Während die rötliche Morphe abgesehen von weißen Schulterflecken weitgehend einfarbig ist, haben die grauen und braunen Formen außerdem auf der graubraunen Unterseite weiße Punkte mit schwarzer Spitze und dunkle Kritzel. Die unauffälligen Federohren sind gefleckt, die Augen blassgelb, der Schnabel hell grünlich gelb.

Lebensweise

Die Sokoke-Zwergohreule bewohnt vorwiegend Cynometra-Wälder, selten Brachystegia-Wälder. Sie ist ein reiner Insektenfresser, der vor allem Käfer fängt. Der Ruf besteht aus im Abstand von mehreren Sekunden wiederholten Serien aus fünf bis neun hohen Pfeiftönen guuhk-guuhk bei einer Rate von drei Tönen in zwei Sekunden.

Verbreitung

Die monotypische Art lebt endemisch in Kenia im Arabuko-Sokoke-Wald sowie im Nordosten Tansanias im Usambara-Bergwald bis in 400 Meter Höhe. Der Bestand in Kenia beträgt etwa 800 Paare. Aufgrund ihres eng begrenzten Verbreitungsgebietes gilt die Sokoke-Zwergohreule als stark gefährdet.

Literatur

  • Heimo Mikkola: Handbuch Eulen der Welt. Alle 249 Arten in 750 Farbfotos. Titel der Originalausgabe: Owls of the World. A Photographic Guide. 2012, Deutschsprachige Ausgabe, Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co.KG, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-440-13275-3, S. 134.
 title=
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia DE

Sokoke-Zwergohreule: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

wikipedia DE tarafından sağlandı

Die Sokoke-Zwergohreule (Otus ireneae) ist eine Eulenart aus der Gattung der Zwergohreulen. Ihr Vorkommen ist auf ein kleines Gebiet in Ostafrika beschränkt.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia DE

Sokoke scops owl ( İngilizce )

wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı

The Sokoke scops owl (Otus ireneae) is a highly localized species of scops owl found in lowland forests of Kenya and Tanzania. The greatest population of this species of owl is in the Cynometra-Manilkara forest, which is less than one-third of the Sokoke Forest. It is also found in the Afzelia-Cynometra forest.

The Sokoke scops owl can grow to 6+12 in (17 cm), and can weigh up to 2 oz (57 g), and is the smallest of the scops owls. It is insectivorous and coloring ranges from grey to rufous.

Description

Sokoke scops owl pair in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest

Sokoke scops owl is a fairly plain scops owl with small spotted markings on the underside. They are found in a number of color morphs ranging from grey through brown to an orange-rufous. Their call consists of a repetitive "too-too-too-too-too" reminiscent of the calls of tinkerbirds. Males have a higher-pitched, louder and clearer call compared to females, which have a softer, muffled, low-pitched call.[3] They are territorial and pairs may duet in response to intruding conspecifics.[3] The calling intensity of spontaneously calling owls varies with the time of night and phase of the moon.[3]

Distribution

Sokoke scops owl have a highly restricted range in coastal Kenya and north-eastern Tanzania.[4] It was first discovered in 1965 in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve in coastal Kenya.[3] Two other isolated populations have been subsequently discovered in the Dakatcha woodlands in Kenya and in the Manga and Kwamgumi forest reserves in the lowlands of the East Usambara mountains, Tanzania. Its global range is not thought to exceed 500 km2.[4] Other isolated populations of this species may still persist in unsurveyed patches of suitable habitat.

Habitat

Sokoke scops owl has very specific habitat requirements of undisturbed lowland forest.[4] In the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve, it only occurs in forest dominated by Brachylaena and Cynometra, despite the presence of other forest types.[4] It is thought that holes in Brachylaena trees provide suitable nesting sites for the owls[5] and their removal may be responsible for population declines.

Conservation

The IUCN places the Sokoke scops owl as globally Endangered on its Red List.[6] Its dependence on undisturbed forest means that it is threatened by human disturbance such as logging, fires and encroachment.[4] Suitable climatic conditions are predicted to shift southwards as the climate changes and be completely lost in the Usambaras by 2080.[4] The isolation of suitable forest patches that are surrounded by human-modified habitats means that they risk extinction.[4] Increasing populations of African elephants in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve may also affect their populations through habitat degradation.[3] Habitat restoration and translocation to other suitable habitat patches have been suggested as potential conservation interventions that may help prevent their extinction.[4] Call surveys conducted in 2005 and 2008 in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve place the population size of the reserve at 800 pairs.[3] Densities in 1997 in the East Usambaras ranged from less than 1.5 pairs/km2 to 3 or 4 pairs/km2, and the population is estimated to be markedly smaller than the Arabuko-Sokoke population.[7]

Behaviour

Like other Otus owls, they are strictly nocturnal, making their biology difficult to study.[8] They are most active immediately after dark and before dawn and travel further from their roost sites to forage when there is less illumination from the moon.[9] They roost in the dense understory of Cynometra trees during the day. The mean home-range of a pair is 11 ha and there is very little overlap with neighboring pairs.

Diet

Pellet samples show that they feed almost exclusively on medium-sized insects across a wide range of orders, with the predominant prey type likely dependent on availability at the time.[8] Beetles (Coleoptera) and crickets (Orthoptera) appear to be consumed the most.[8]

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Otus ireneae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22688565A93201000. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688565A93201000.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Virani, Munir Z.; Njoroge, Peter; Gordon, Ian (2010-07-08). "Disconcerting trends in populations of the endangered Sokoke Scops OwlOtus ireneae in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, Kenya". Ostrich. 81 (2): 155–158. doi:10.2989/00306525.2010.488429. ISSN 0030-6525. S2CID 54207275.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Monadjem, Ara; Virani, Munir Z.; Jackson, Colin; Reside, April (June 2013). "Rapid decline and shift in the future distribution predicted for the endangered Sokoke Scops Owl Otus ireneae due to climate change". Bird Conservation International. 23 (2): 247–258. doi:10.1017/S0959270912000330. ISSN 0959-2709.
  5. ^ A., Virani, Munir Z. (1994). Ecology of the endangered Sokoke scops owl (Otus ireneae). University of Leicester. OCLC 504820142.
  6. ^ "Sokoke Scops-owl (Otus ireneae) - BirdLife species factsheet". datazone.birdlife.org. Retrieved 2021-07-12.
  7. ^ Evans, Tom (1997). "Preliminary estimates of the population density of the Sokoke scops owl Otus ireneae Ripley in the East Usambara lowlands, Tanzania". African Journal of Ecology. 35 (4): 303–311. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1997.093-89093.x. ISSN 1365-2028.
  8. ^ a b c Virani, Munir Z (2008). "Diet composition of Sokoke Scops Owl Otus ireneae in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest". Scopus. 27 (1): 6–9.
  9. ^ Virani, Munir (January 2000). "Home range and movement patterns of Sokoke Scops Owl Otus ireneae". Ostrich. 71 (1–2): 139–142. doi:10.1080/00306525.2000.9639892. ISSN 0030-6525. S2CID 85429560.
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia authors and editors
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia EN

Sokoke scops owl: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı

The Sokoke scops owl (Otus ireneae) is a highly localized species of scops owl found in lowland forests of Kenya and Tanzania. The greatest population of this species of owl is in the Cynometra-Manilkara forest, which is less than one-third of the Sokoke Forest. It is also found in the Afzelia-Cynometra forest.

The Sokoke scops owl can grow to 6+1⁄2 in (17 cm), and can weigh up to 2 oz (57 g), and is the smallest of the scops owls. It is insectivorous and coloring ranges from grey to rufous.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia authors and editors
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia EN

Otus ireneae ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

wikipedia ES tarafından sağlandı

El autillo de Sokoke (Otus ireneae)[2][3]​ es una especie de ave estrigiforme de la familia Strigidae nativo de Kenia y Tanzania. La mayor población de esta especie de búho se encuentra en los bosques de Cynometra-Manilkara, que es menos de un tercio del bosque de Sokoke. También se puede encontrar en bosques de Afzelia-Cynometra.

Puede alcanzar hasta 16 a 17 cm de longitud y puede llegar a pesar hasta 57 g, es el más pequeño de los autillos.

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Otus ireneae». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2014.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 3 de febrero de 2015.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (2000). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Quinta parte: Strigiformes, Caprimulgiformes y Apodiformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 47 (1): 123-130. ISSN 0570-7358. Consultado el 3 de febrero de 2015.
  3. «Autillo de Sokoke (Otus ireneae) Ripley, 1966». en Avibase. Consultado el 3 de febrero de 2015.

 title=
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia ES

Otus ireneae: Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

wikipedia ES tarafından sağlandı

El autillo de Sokoke (Otus ireneae)​​ es una especie de ave estrigiforme de la familia Strigidae nativo de Kenia y Tanzania. La mayor población de esta especie de búho se encuentra en los bosques de Cynometra-Manilkara, que es menos de un tercio del bosque de Sokoke. También se puede encontrar en bosques de Afzelia-Cynometra.

Puede alcanzar hasta 16 a 17 cm de longitud y puede llegar a pesar hasta 57 g, es el más pequeño de los autillos.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia ES

Otus ireneae ( Baskça )

wikipedia EU tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae Otus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Strigidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia EU

Otus ireneae: Brief Summary ( Baskça )

wikipedia EU tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae Otus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Strigidae familian sailkatua dago.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia EU

Sokokenpöllönen ( Fince )

wikipedia FI tarafından sağlandı

Sokokenpöllönen (Otus ireneae) on Itä-Afrikassa elävä uhanalainen pöllölaji. Se löydettiin vasta vuonna 1965. Sokokenpöllö on pöllösten suvun pienin laji.[2]

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Sokokenpöllönen on hyvin pienikokoinen pöllölaji. Sen ruumiinpituus on 15–18 senttimetriä ja paino 45–50 grammaa. Lajista tunnetaan kolme eri värimuotoa: tummanruskea, harmaanruskea ja punaruskea. Höyhenpuvussa on tiheässä myös juovia ja täpliä. Naaman höyhenten väri vaihtelee vaalean punaruskeasta ruskeaan ja ruskeankeltaiseen. Sokokenpöllösen "kulmakarvat" ovat ruskeankeltaiset tai valkeahkot.[3] Päässä olevat korvamaiset töyhdöt ovat heikosti erottuvat.[4] Sokokenpöllösen isot, keltaiset silmät auttavat sitä näkemään ja saalistamaan yöllä.[3] Sokokenpöllö muistuttaa akaasiavarpuspöllöä, mutta lajit erottaa siitä, että akaasiavarpuspöllö on suurempi ja sillä on vatsassa voimakkaat, sokokenpöllösen vastaavista selvästi eroavat juovat.[4]

Levinneisyys ja elinympäristö

Sokokenpöllönen löydettiin Itä-Keniassa sijaitsevasta Arabuku-Sokoken metsästä vuonna 1965.[3] Aluetta pidettiin lajin ainoana asuinpaikkana vuoteen 1992 asti, jolloin sokokenpöllösiä löydettiin myös Itä-Usambarasta Koillis-Tansaniasta.[4][3] Myös Marafan metsässä Arabuko-Sokoken pohjoispuolella elää pieni, hiljattain löydetty populaatio. Lajia tavataan mahdollisesti myös Kenian Mundane Rangessa, lähellä Somalian rajaa. Pieniä vielä löytämättämiä kantoja saattaa tulevaisuudessa löytyä myös muualta. Arabuko-Sokoken kanta elää noin 220 neliökilometrin laajuisella alueella, jolla elää noin 1 000 paria. Itä-Usambarassa sopivanlaatuinen elinpiiri on 97 neliökilometrin kokoinen ja siellä elänee muutama sata yksilöä.[4]

Sokokenpöllönen on metsälintu. Arabuko-Sokokessa se elää metsissä, joita hallitsevat Cynometra-suvun puut. Se elää sekä vanhoissa että muokatuissa Cynometra-metsissä, mutta on huomattavasti runsaampi alueilla, joilla ihmistoiminta ei ole vaikuttanut metsiin. Sokokenpöllönen lepää ja etsii ruokaa Cynometra-puiden latvuston alemman puoliskon alueelta. Pesänsä se rakentanee joko vanhoihin tai suuriin Brachylaena-suvun puihin.[4] Usambaravuorilla sokokenpöllöjä on tavattu 200–400 korkeudessa kasvavissa sekametsissä. Arabuko-Sokokessa lajin elinpaikat ovat korkeintaan 70 metrin korkeudessa merenpinnasta.[3]

Elintavat

Muiden pöllöjen tavoin sokokenpöllönen on yöaktiivinen lintu, joka liikkuu jonkin verran myös iltahämärän ja auringonnousun aikana.[3] Ravinto koostuu lähinnä hyönteisistä, kuten kovakuoriaisista ja sirkoista.[4] Arabuko-Sokokessa vuonna 1993 tehdyn tutkimuksen mukaan peräti 91 prosenttia lajin ravinnosta koostuu kovakuoriaisista ja noin 7 prosenttia sirkoista. Vuonna 1971 tehdyssä tutkimuksessa puolestaan lajin todettiin saavan ravintonsa enimmäkseen kummitussirkoista sekä suorasiipisistä, joihin sirkatkin kuluvat. Saalishyönteisten vaihtuminen saattaa johtua siitä, että metsän afrikannorsut olivat runsastuneet sitten edellisen tutkimuksen. Norsunlanta houkuttelee lantakuoriaisia, jotka ovat taas sokokenpöllösen ravintoa. Pienen kokonsa takia sokokenpöllösen on ilmeisesti hankala saalistaa pikkujyrsijöitä.[5] Saalistava etsivä sokokenpöllönen tähyilee usein saalista noin 3–4 metrin korkeudessa puun oksalla, ja pudottautuu alas maahan saaliin havaittuaan.[3]

Päivällä sokokenpöllönen lepäilee tiheikössä pitäen ruumiinsa lytyssä ja korvatupsut pystyssä.[3] Lajin reviirin koko on tyypillisesti noin 12–14 hehtaaria.[4] Sokokenpöllösen uskotaan pesivän vanhojen ja suurten Brachylaena-puiden onkaloissa, mutta lajin lisääntymistavoista ei tiedetä juuri muuta.[3]

Uhat ja suojelu

Sokokenpöllönen luokitellaan erittäin uhanalaiseksi lajiksi. Sen suurin uhka elinympäristöjen turmeltuminen. Arabuko-Sokokessa metsien käyttö on ollut viime vuosina kestämätöntä ja usein myös laitonta. Isojen Brachylaena-puiden korjuu metsästä saattaa vaikuttaa merkittävästi lajin pesimismenestykseen. Metsää uhkaa myös titaanin kaivaus. Itä-Usambarassa useimmat suojelualueiden ulkopuolelle jääneet metsät on jo hakattu maatalouden käyttöön. Jäljellä olevia metsiäkin heikentävät yhä jatkuva laiton puutavarakauppa sekä laajamittainen polttopuun keräys. Lisäksi sateet ovat Keniassa muuttuneet epäsäännöllisemmiksi ja kuivuus on lisääntynyt.[3][4]

Sokokenpöllönen kuuluu lajien kansainvälistä kauppaa rajoittavan CITES-sopimuksen liitteeseen II. Sekä Tansaniassa että Keniassa on ohjelmia alueen metsien suojelemiseksi. Peregrine Fund järjestö on myös rahoittanut tutkimustyötä, jossa lintuja tarkkaillaan esimerkiksi radioseurannan avulla. Sokokenpöllöstä tavataan myös Itä-Usambaraan ja Arabuko-Sokokeen perustetuilla suojelualueilla.[3][4]

Lähteet

  1. BirdLife International: Otus ireneae IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. 2012. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 19.5.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. Sokoke Scops Owl 2007. EcoTour Directory. Viitattu 25.5.2011.
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k ARKive: Sokoke scops-owl - Otus ireneae - Information - ARKive 2007. Wildscreen. Viitattu 25.5.2011.
  4. a b c d e f g h i Sokoke Scops-owl (Otus ireneae) - BirdLife species factsheet 2010. BirdLife International. Viitattu 25.5.2011.
  5. Munir Z. Virani: Diet composition of Sokoke Scops Owl Otus ireneae in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest (PDF) 2008. The Peregrine Fund,. Viitattu 5.6.2011.
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia FI

Sokokenpöllönen: Brief Summary ( Fince )

wikipedia FI tarafından sağlandı

Sokokenpöllönen (Otus ireneae) on Itä-Afrikassa elävä uhanalainen pöllölaji. Se löydettiin vasta vuonna 1965. Sokokenpöllö on pöllösten suvun pienin laji.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia FI

Petit-duc d'Irene ( Fransızca )

wikipedia FR tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae

Le Petit-duc d'Irene (Otus ireneae[1]), connu aussi en tant que Petit-duc d'Irène ou Petit-duc de Sokoke, est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Strigidae.

Répartition

Cet oiseau vit au Kenya et en Tanzanie.

Population

La population de cette espèce est de l'ordre de 2 000 oiseaux.

Annexes

Notes et références

  1. Nommé ainsi en l'honneur d'Irene Morden. [PDF] birdguides.com.

Références taxinomiques

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia FR

Petit-duc d'Irene: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

wikipedia FR tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae

Le Petit-duc d'Irene (Otus ireneae), connu aussi en tant que Petit-duc d'Irène ou Petit-duc de Sokoke, est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Strigidae.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia FR

Ulchabhán scopach Sokoke ( İrlandaca )

wikipedia GA tarafından sağlandı

Is éan é an ulchabhán scopach Sokoke Is baill d'fhine na Strigidae iad.


Ainmhí
Is síol ainmhí é an t-alt seo. Cuir leis, chun cuidiú leis an Vicipéid.
Má tá alt níos forbartha le fáil i dteanga eile, is féidir leat aistriúchán Gaeilge a dhéanamh.


lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Údair agus eagarthóirí Vicipéid
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia GA

Otus ireneae ( İtalyanca )

wikipedia IT tarafından sağlandı

L'assiolo di Sokoke (Otus ireneae Ripley, 1966) è un uccello rapace della famiglia Strigidae.

Si trova in Kenya e Tanzania. La più grande popolazione di questa specie di gufo vive nella foresta di Cynometra-Manilkara, all'interno della foresta di Sokoke. Si trova anche nella foresta Afzelia-Cinometra.

L'assiolo di Sokoke può arrivare fino a 16-17 cm e può pesare fino a 57 g. È insettivoro e la colorazione del piumaggio può essere grigia o marrone-rossiccio.

Note

 title=
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia IT

Otus ireneae: Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

wikipedia IT tarafından sağlandı

L'assiolo di Sokoke (Otus ireneae Ripley, 1966) è un uccello rapace della famiglia Strigidae.

Si trova in Kenya e Tanzania. La più grande popolazione di questa specie di gufo vive nella foresta di Cynometra-Manilkara, all'interno della foresta di Sokoke. Si trova anche nella foresta Afzelia-Cinometra.

L'assiolo di Sokoke può arrivare fino a 16-17 cm e può pesare fino a 57 g. È insettivoro e la colorazione del piumaggio può essere grigia o marrone-rossiccio.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia IT

Sokokedwergooruil ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı

Vogels

De sokokedwergooruil (Otus ireneae) is een vogelsoort uit de familie van de strigidae (uilen). Het is een bedreigde vogelsoort in oostelijk Kenia en het noorden van Tanzania die in 1966 geldig werd beschreven door Sidney Dillon Ripley.[2]

Kenmerken

Deze ooruil is 15 cm lang. Het is een zeer kleine soort dwergooruil met nauwelijks zichtbare oorpluimen. De uil is roodbruin of grijs (er zijn twee kleurvariëteiten) en met afwisselend lichte en donkere spikkels, streepjes in het verenkleed. De meeste uilen met een vergelijkbaar verenkleed in het gebied zijn groter.[1]

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze uil werd in oostelijk Kenia, in en rond het Nationaal park Arabuko Sokoke ‎ontdekt en bleek later ook voor te komen in Tanzania in de oostelijke, lager gelegen gebieden aan de voet van het Usambaragebergte. Het leefgebied bestaat uit natuurlijk bos of secundair bos. De hoogste dichtheden worden gevonden in natuurlijk bos met bomen uit het geslacht Cynometra (boomsoorten uit de vlinderbloemenfamilie).[1]

Status

De sokokedwergooruil heeft een beperkt verspreidingsgebied en daardoor is de kans op uitsterven aanwezig. De grootte van de populatie werd in 2016 door BirdLife International geschat op 3,5 tot 15 duizend individuen en de populatie-aantallen nemen af door habitatverlies. Het leefgebied buiten speciale natuurreservaten wordt aangetast door ontbossing. Verder vormen daarnaast mijnbouwactiviteiten en steeds langere droogteperioden (klimaatverandering) een bedreiging. Om deze redenen staat deze soort als bedreigd op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. a b c d (en) Sokokedwergooruil op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Ripley, S. D., 1966. A notable owlet from Kenya. Ibis 108:136–137.
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia NL

Sokokedwergooruil: Brief Summary ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

wikipedia NL tarafından sağlandı

De sokokedwergooruil (Otus ireneae) is een vogelsoort uit de familie van de strigidae (uilen). Het is een bedreigde vogelsoort in oostelijk Kenia en het noorden van Tanzania die in 1966 geldig werd beschreven door Sidney Dillon Ripley.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia NL

Otus ireneae ( Portekizce )

wikipedia PT tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae é uma espécie de ave estrigiforme pertencente à família Strigidae.[1]

Referências

  1. a b BirdLife International (2016). «Otus ireneae». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2016: e.T22688565A93201000. doi:. Consultado em 13 de novembro de 2021
 title=
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia PT

Otus ireneae: Brief Summary ( Portekizce )

wikipedia PT tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae é uma espécie de ave estrigiforme pertencente à família Strigidae.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia PT

Sokokedvärguv ( İsveççe )

wikipedia SV tarafından sağlandı

Sokokedvärguv[2] (Otus ireneae) är en östafrikansk starkt hotad fågel i familjen ugglor inom ordningen ugglefåglar.[3]

Kännetecken

Sokokedvärguven är en mycket liten uggla, endast 15 centimeter lång, med små örontofsar. Liksom de flesta dvärguvar är den tätstrimmig och streckad. Både grå och rostfärgade former förekommer. Lätet är ett mjukt tu-tu-tu, upprepat tio eller fler gånger per minut. Som föda intar den insekter, huvudsakligen skalbaggar.[1]

Utbredning och status

Sokokedvärguven förekommer i skogsområden i östra Kenya Arabuko Sokoke Forest mellan Kilifi och Malindi, men 1992 upptäcktes den även i låglänta områden i östra Usumbarabergen i Tanzania.

Beståndet räknas totalt till åtminstone 2.500 individer, men studier mellan 2005 och 2008 visar att arten tros ha minskat med över 20% på 16 år. Internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN kategoriserar arten som starkt hotad på grund av dess begränsade och splittrade utbredning, den minskande populationen och habitatförstörelse.[1]

Ekologi

Arten förekommer i skog, helst Cynometra- och Brachylaena-skog på röd sand, men finns även i Cynometra-buskmarker och Afzelia- och Cynometra-skogar på vitsand. Den vandrar tillfälligtvis in i miombo, men förekommer inte där träden är kortare än tre till fyra meter. Sokokedvärguven återfinns i låglänta områden mellan 50 och 170 meter över havet i Kenya och 200-400 meter över havet i Tanzania.[4]

Fågeln födosöker mest på natten men även i skymning och gryning, huvusakligen på jakt efter insekter. Häckningsvanorna är okända, men den tros häcka i trädhål som andra dvärguvar.[4]

Namn

Fågelns vetenskapliga artnamn hedrar Irene Morden, amerikansk sponsor och samlare av specimen i Kenya 1965. [5]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b c] Birdlife International 2012 Otus ireneae Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-08-14
  3. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2015-08-11
  4. ^ [a b] Holt, D.W., Berkley, R., Deppe, C., Enríquez Rocha, P., Petersen, J.L., Rangel Salazar, J.L., Segars, K.P., Wood, K.L. & Marks, J.S. (2018). Sokoke Scops-owl (Otus ireneae). I: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (red.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (hämtad från https://www.hbw.com/node/54940 3 january 2018).
  5. ^ Jobling, J. A. (2016). Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. Ur del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2016). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Hämtad från www.hbw.com.

Externa länkar

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia SV

Sokokedvärguv: Brief Summary ( İsveççe )

wikipedia SV tarafından sağlandı

Sokokedvärguv (Otus ireneae) är en östafrikansk starkt hotad fågel i familjen ugglor inom ordningen ugglefåglar.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia SV

Otus ireneae ( Vietnamca )

wikipedia VI tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae là một loài chim trong họ Strigidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan tới Bộ Cú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia VI

Otus ireneae: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

wikipedia VI tarafından sağlandı

Otus ireneae là một loài chim trong họ Strigidae.

lisans
cc-by-sa-3.0
telif hakkı
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
orijinal
kaynağı ziyaret et
ortak site
wikipedia VI