Comprehensive Description
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Memoirs of the American Entomological Society tarafından sağlandı
Laccophilus proximus Say (Figs. 54-61, 289)
Laccophilus proximus Say, 1823, p. 101 (taken from J. L. LeConte's editing of the complete writings of Thomas Say, 1891, p. 514). Neotype: male, Beaufort, Beaufort County, South Carolina, AMNH; Crotch, 1873, p. 400 Schwarz, 1878, p. 438; Sharp, 1882a, p. 289; Blatchley, 1910, p. 210 Blatchley, 1919, p. 308; Leng, 1920, p. 77; Zimmermann, 1920, p. 25 Wilson, 1923b, p. 290; Young, 1953a, p. 34; Young, 1953b, Young, 1954, p. 45; Zimmerman and Severin, 1957, p. 31; Zimmerman, 1960, p. 143.
Laccophilus americanus Aube, 1838, p. 422; Sharp, 1882a, p. 291; Sharp, 1882b, p. 11.
Laccophilus confusus Sharp, 1882a, p. 292; Sharp, 1882b, p. 11.
DIAGNOSIS. — Recognition of this species is sometimes difficult without examination of male genitalia. It belongs to the irrorated group with a coxal file and sawlike ovipositor. It differs from L. maculosus in its small size (under 4.5 mm as compared to usually over 5.0 mm). It has less darkening and coalescence of dots on the elytra than does L. m. maculosus or L. fasciatus; and it is brown, yellow-brown or reddish-brown beneath unlike L. mexicanus or L. salvini. Superficially its elytral pattern is similar to L. fuscipennis, L. vacaensis, and L. spangleri, but differs as seen in figures 289, 290, 312-314. The metacoxal file is weak in fuscipennis males; and there is usually an epipleural flange in females of fuscipennis, but rarely in proximus. L. vacaensis and L. spangleri lack a file and have rakelike ovipositors.
DESCRIPTION. — Small to medium (length 3.8 to 4.6 mm; width 2.1 to 2.4 mm), brown, irrorated species; metacoxal file prominent in males and weakly present in females; prosternal process short; ovipositor sawlike. COLOR.
Head: yellow above and beneath with strong reddish-brown tinge between the eyes in the occipital region; appendages pale yellow except mandibles which darken to brownish-red toward tip. Pronotum: about the same color as head, but tending toward paler yellow at sides. Elytra: pale brownish-yellow background with irroration forming a pattern as shown in figure 289; coalescence of pigment slight and rarely in specimens from north of Florida in the United States, with no intensification of pigment at pattern margin as in maculosus; epipleura pale yellow anteriorly, darkening to brownish-red in posterior constricted portion. Tergite VIII: pale yellow or pale brown in the distal half, varying from nearly black to pale brown in proximal half. Venter and genitalia: varying from brownish-yellow to brownish-red, seldom dark reddishbrown as in maculosus. ANATOMY. Microreticulation: weakly double on head, pronotum, and elytra; secondary mesh discernible, but individual cellules still apparent. Head: supraclypeal seam closely parallel to margin. Pronotum: WH/PW, 0.71; LP/PW, 0.40. Elytra: epipleura rarely with flange in United States populations, but common in Mexico and West Indian specimens; apices slightly truncate. Venter: coxal file prominent in males and composed of 24 to 28 lines; much weaker in female and composed of about 10 lines; prosternal process with well-defined crest; lobes of postcoxal processes rounded and laterally projecting well posterior to midline; small protuberance on the middle of the left posterior margin of the male fifth abdominal segment; hind margin of male and female last ventral segment scarcely or not at all produced; small asymmetrical crest on male segment, but smoothly rounded in female. Legs: male proand mesotarsi enlarged in dorsoventral plane; palettes easily distinguished at 20 power magnification; fifth tarsal segment of proleg twice as long as fourth, and fifth segment of middle leg one and two-thirds as long as fourth; profemoral setae (6 to 7) shorter and finer than mesofemoral ones (5 to 6). Genitalia: oval plate produced to acuminate tip with prominent ventral crest curving strongly to the right; 8 to 10 raised lines on the right of the crest and 3 to 4 on the left; left paramere with an asymmetrical apex; right paramere with produced apex; aedeagus evenly curved and tapered to apex; ovipositor with about 13 sawlike teeth on each valve.
NOMENCLATURAL NOTES. — Young (1954) expressed the opinion that proximus represents a number of allopatric subspecies. Since americanus Aube was described from the West Indies, it is clearly allopatric to mainland populations, and it does appear to be different. It is not clear what the nature of the variation is and how the different populations are distributed throughout the Caribbean, however, so no subspecific status for americanus is presented in this paper. All mainland populations appear sufficiently similar to retain in a single race, including Sharp's confusus from Tabasco, Mexico. Sharp thought that proximus was the same as maculosus, but these are clearly two different broadly sympatric species. VARIATION. — Elytral pattern is remarkably uniform in continental proximus. Specimens from southern Mexico, Kansas, and Florida appear to be drawn from the same sample. Color differs in specimens from southern Florida and from some of the western states, however. Young (1954) says that proximus from southern Florida are brighter than those to the north. Very pale individuals appear in the populations as one moves across the plains states, but the percentage is never very high. Males and females show no difference in size or shape and have been combined in Table 3.
Neither morphology nor quantitative data support retaining confusus as a separate subspecies. It was described by Sharp from Villahermosa, Tabasco, but samples from nearby states in southern Mexico yield the same values as those from the United States. In fact, there is greater variation among northern localities than between Mexico and the United States. South Texas (Cameron Co.), TransPecos, Texas and Florida have mean values considerably lower than other localities. They may represent real geographic differences; but, unfortunately, sample size is comparatively small for all three and one hesitates before concluding that these are different. Young had felt that southern Florida populations were smaller than those from northern Florida, however. Also, it would not be surprising if populations on the edge of the range such as the Trans-Pecos one did differ from the rest of the species.
There are anomalous values for the WP/EL ratio (Monroe Co., Indiana, St. Landry Co., Louisiana) which I am inclined to believe are due to incorrect measurement of the elytral length. Other nearby samples and other measurements do not support any real differences in the populations; thus measuring errors for these two samples can be suspected. The WP/EL ratio is about 0.555 for proximus, if the two samples in question are not included. — This is one of the most widespread species in North America. Even though it has a very large range, there appears to be little evidence of racial differentiation on the continent. In the West Indies there does seem to be a different race, however. The definition of its range is beyond scope of this study, and only locality records for the West Indies are included. L. proximus occurs from southeastern Canada to Florida, westward to eastern Wyoming, Colorado, northeastern New Mexico, all of Texas, and southward in eastern coastal Mexico and Yucatan. It reaches across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and may be sympatric with the related species, L. salvini. It is probably the most common Laccophilus in the southeastern United States. Its distribution in the northern tier of the United States is in scattered, widely separated localities that probably represent true distribution and not collecting gaps. As yet, it has not been found in northern Veracruz; but additional collecting should produce enough localities to show that the southern Mexican population is continuous with those in northern Mexico and Texas (Fig. 7).
Young (1954) describes proximus as one of the principal pioneer species of newly formed ponds, puddles, and other bodies of fresh water. He has taken adults in rain barrels, tin cans partly filled with water, flooded furrows in recently plowed fields, and even in water in old automobile tires in vacant lots. Throughout the Florida peninsula, it is the most common Laccophilus of temporary pools and puddles. It may appear in large numbers in recently filled, formerly dry basins. Zimmerman (1960) in Indiana found that proximus appeared but sporadically in four continuously observed ponds and did not occur during several months of the year. It was the first of four Laccophilus species to reappear in ponds that had previously dried up. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. — ALABAMA. Mobile County. Chickasaw, 1, vi.25.31, H. Dietrich (CNL). Mobile, 1, viii.10. — , Shoemaker (USNM). ARKANSAS. Garland County. Hot Springs, 5 m. S., 3 6, 2 2, x.17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Hempstead County. Hope, 6, iii.20-27.22, E. W. Mank (CNL); 1 $, vi.20.32, L. Knoble (CAS); 1 m. N., 1 $, 1 2, x.17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Hot Springs County. County, 3 3,3 ?, x.17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Monroe County. Brinkley, 4 S, 6 2, vi.24.48, C. & P. Vaurie (AMNH). Pulaski County. Little Rock, 2 2, Wickham (AMNH). COLORADO. Sedgwick County. Ovid, 4 3,6$, viii.17.61, JRZ (NMSU). CONNECTICUT. Fairfield County. 3 S, vii.4.— , C. H. Roberts (AMNH). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Washington. Shaw Pond, 1, iv.14.26, H. S. Barber (USNM). Washington, 1, vii.21. — , J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). FLORIDA. Alachua County. Alachua County, 5, i.6.23, Chamberlain (CNL); 2 2, ix.26. — ; 1, x.2.14; 3 S, ix.28.14; 1 2, i.6.23 (AMNH). Hogtown, 3, x.24.37, F. N. Young (CNL); Hogtown Ck., IS, 12, x.24.37, F. N. Young (AMNH). Bay County. Springfield, 1 2, x.16.41, F. H. Young (AMNH). Brevard County. Titusville, 2 6, 1 2, xi.8.11 (AMNH). Broward County. Davis, 5,
vii.27.39; 2 3, 4 ?, vii.27.39, F. H. Young (AMNH). Charlotte County. Punta Gorda, 5 3, 5 2, xi.16.11 (AMNH). Co///er County. Naples, 2 3, 4 2, iii.30.47, J. W. Green (CAS). Dade County. Coral Gables, 1 3, iv.6.46, F. H. Chermock (CAS). Buck Key, 1, Brainard (USNM). Homestead, 5, iv.8.51,H. & A. Howden (USNM); 2 $, 3 5, vi.ll.51;4 2, v.11.51, O. Bryant (CAS). Miami, 1, i.21.34; 1, x.7.33; 2 2, viii.26.37, F. N. Young (AMNH). Miami Springs, 1 3, viii.2.62, B. Benesh (CAS). De Soto County. Arcadia, Bunker Branch, 4, iii.20.38; 13, iv.6.39, J. C. Bradley (CNL). Duval County. Jacksonville, 2, iv.21. — , G. M. Greene (USNM); 13, viii.— .02 (USNM); 69 (USNM); 2<5,2V, Van Dyke (CAS); 19 3, 30 2, vii. — .— ; 3 3, 1 2, vii.— .02; 1 3, vii.4. — ; 35 3, 39 2, viii.—.—, W. S. Genung (AMNH); 2 2, v.10.— ; v.l. — , P. Laurent (ANSP). Franklin County. Dog Island, 1 2, iv.16.47, F. N. Young (AMNH). Gulf County. Deadpond, Rockbluff, 1, iv.3.27, M. D. Leonard (CNL). Wewahitchka, 8, iv.6.27, M. D. Leonard (CNL). Hendry County. Clewiston, 10, iv.6.44, J. G. Needham (CNL). Hernando County. Brooksville, 1 3, 3 2, i.20-30.40, Van Dyke (CAS). Highlands County. Lake Placid, 8, iv.7.45; 2, ii. 11.49, J. G. Needham (CNL). Near Avon Park, 1 2, viii. 22. 61, T. Morris (SCH). Hillsborough County. Tampa, 4, iv.21-24.— , Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM); MacDill Field, 13,12, vi.5-12.43, B. Malkin (FM). Lee County. Estero, 1, ii.10.44, J. G. Needham (CNL). Ft. Myers, 1 3, iii.30.12 (AMNH). Leon County. 1, vii.26.22, Chamberlain (CNL). Martin County. Stuart, 13,2 2, vi.25.51, O. Bryant (CAS). Okeechobee County. Okeechobee, 5, iii.18.43, W. Proctor (CNL). Sebring, 1 3, 2 2, vii.20.42, C. Parsons (CAS). Orange County. Winter Park, 2, ii.7.28; 16, i.12.29, Gehring (CNL). Palm Beach County. Jupiter, 4, ii. 23.43, W. Procter (CNL); 2 3, viii.11.43, W. Procter (AMNH). Lake Worth, 13,42 (AMNH). Palm Beach, 3, iii.25.43, W. Procter (CNL); 13,1 2, iv.l3.23,R. Hopping (CAS). Pinellas County. Belleair, 1 3 (AMNH). Dunedin, 1, iv.3.23; 3, iv.2-4.23, E. W. Mank (CNL). Polk County. Lakeland, 3 3, xi.10.11 (AMNH). Putnam County. Crescent City, 6 (USNM). Palatka, 1, v.3-4.16, J. C. Bradley (CNL). St. Johns County. Hastings, 38, v.—.—; 38 (USNM); 1, viii.16.50, P. J. Spangler (USNM); 1 (CNL); 2 3, 2 2 (AMNH). St. Augustine, 1, C. W. Johnson (USNM). Sarasota County. Englewood, 1, xii.2.43; 1, iii. — .44, J. G. Needham (CNL). Sarasota, 13, viii.14.10, J. C. Bradley (CNL) ; 1, ii.7.45, J. G. Needham (CNL); 1 3, ix.14.10, Van Dyke (CAS). Seminole County. Sanford, 2; 2, vii. — . — (USNM); 1 3, 2 2, iv.— .— (AMNH). Taylor County. County, 6 3, 12 2, viii. — . — , W. S. Genung (AMNH). Volusia County. Enterprise, 1, v.24. — , Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM); 5 3,3 2, v.17.— , J. W. Green (CAS). Ormond, 1 3 (AMNH). GEORGIA. Baker County. Elmodel, 13,12, x.29.38, H. H. Hobbs & F. N. Young (AMNH). Bullock County. Statesboro, 1 2, viii. 15. 50, F. N. Young (AMNH). Charlton County. Okefenokee Swamp, Billy's Island, 2, vi.— .12, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 23, vi.— 12; 2, v.9.11 (CNL); 1 3, 1 2, Van Dyke (CAS) ; Mixon's Hammock, 2, vi.16.12; Tralers Hill, 1, vi.22.— (CNL). Chattahoochee County. Ft. Benning, 1 3, vi. 11.43, D. E. Beck (CAS). Decatur County. Bainbridge, 1, vii. 15-27.09; 2 $, ix.17.— ; x.19.10, J. C. Bradley (CAS). Spring Creek, 1, vii. 16-29. 12; 3, viii.26-28.13 (CNL). Floyd County. Cave Spring, 1, viii.30.09 (CNL). Fulton County. Ft. McPherson, 1 6, 1 2, ix. 12.43, D. E. Beck (CAS). Hill County. Gainsville, 6, iv.2.11 (CNL); 1 6, iv.2.11, Van Dyke (CAS). Jefferson County. Wrens,
1, iii.8.11, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 2, iii.8.11 (CNL). Liberty County. Riceboro, 2 6, 1 2, viii. 16.50, F. N. Young (AMNH). Lynn County. St. Simon Island, 2; 1, ii. 16.11; vi.12-22.11, J. C. Bradley (CNL). Pierce County. Blackshear, 6, v.10.11 (CNL). Offerman, 6, iv.22.11 (CNL). Rabun County. 16,3 9, vii. — .— , C. W. Leng (CAS). Thomas County. Thomasville, 7, xii.22.34; D. Dunavan (USNM). ILLINOIS. Alexander County. Olive Branch, 2 2 , x.8.09, Gerhard (FM) . Champaign County. Urbana, 2, vii.29.07;
2, xi.19.— , J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 1 <J , 1 2 , xi.19.— (AMNH). Cook County. Edgebrook (Morton Grove), 13, vii.15.11 (USNM). Pike County. Pittsfield, 1 6, viii. 17.46, B. Cadwell, 1 2, vii.7.46; 1 2, vii.8.46, A. T. McClay (DAV). INDIANA. Clinton County. Kirklin, 3 m. W., 5 6 , 2 2 , ix.26.58, JRZ (NMSU). Huntington County. Huntington, 2 m. N., 1 2, x.26.56, JRZ (NMSU). La Porte County. La Porte, 3 2 (CNG). Madison County. Anderson, 2 6,2 9, vii. 6. 57, JRZ (NMSU). Marion County. Indianapolis,
1 6, viii.9.60, JRZ (NMSU). Monroe County. Bloomington, 2, xii.31.49, F. N. Young (CNL); 2 6,2 9, xii.31.49, F. N. Young (AMNH); 4-5 m. N., 4 6, ix.15.55; 3 5,6 2, ix.20.55; 6 6, 4 2, x.4.55; 1 6, iv.4.56; 2 6,3 9, iv.20.56; 2 3,4 2, iv.26.56; 1 6, v.11.56; 1 2, v.12.56; 2 3,2 2, vii.21.56; 6 6, 14 2, viii.30.25; 15 6, 7 2, ix.17.56; 15 6, 6 2, ix.21.56; 16, 12 2, ix.28.56;2 <J,x.30.56; 1 <S,x.31.56; 1 6, ii.22.57; 1 2, vi.18.57, JRZ (NMSU). Owen County. Richland Ck., near Freeman, 1 6, xi.2.55, JRZ (NMSU). Porter County. Dune Park (Ind. Dunes St. Pk.?), 1, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Posey County. Mt. Vernon, 5 m. E., 3 $, ix.9.56, JRZ (NMSU). IOWA. Hamilton County. Little Wall L., 12, vi. 14.52, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Lee County. Ft. Madison, 2, J. B. Smith (USNM). Osceola County. Sibley, 1, Shimek (USNM). Polk County. Herrold, 1, vii.24.19, E. D. Quisfeld (CNL). Storey County. Ames, 1 6, v. 22.31, G. Hopping (CAS). Warren County. Indianola, 1 2, vi. 14.52, P. J. Spangler (USNM). KANSAS. Atchison County. Atchison, 1 6, ix.23.56, J. W. McReynolds (CAS). Cherokee County. Galena, 5, viii.26.04; 15, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 4, viii.26.04 (CNL); 15 (CNL). Dickenson County. Hope, 4 m. S., 4 6, 2 2, vii. 8. 60, JRZ (NMSU). Douglas County. Baldwin (City?),
2 6,1 2, J. C. Bridwell (CAS). Lawrence, 12 6, 15 2, x.2.51, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM); 1 6 (MCZ). Lone Star Lake, 2 6, 1 2, ix.30.51 (USNM). County, 1, iv.15.52, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM); 2, F. H. Snow (CNL); 1 6,
3 9, x.7.48, J. G. Rozen (BERK). Harper County. Danville, 15 m. NE., 1 6,3 9, vii.20.60, JRZ (NMSU). Harvey County. Newton, 2 m. SE., 5 6,
4 2, vii.21.58; 2 m. E., 4 6, 3 9, vii.6.60; JRZ (NMSU). Johnson County. Gardner Lake, 2 6,3 9, v. 3. 52, Bell & Spangler; Sunflower, 1 2, ix.17.52, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM). Kingman County. Waterloo, 5 m. E, 3 ?,
vii.14.60, JRZ (NMSU). Leavenworth County. Tonganoxie, 1 2, vi.1.52; 3 3,5 2, ix.4.52, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM). McPherson County. McPherson, 2, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 1 2, W. Knaus (AMNH). Pottawatomie County. Onaga, 5, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 1 3 (AMNH). Reno County. Haven, 8 m. E., 4 $, 2 2, vii. 13.60, JRZ (NMSU). Medora, 1 (USNM); 1 2, W. Knaus (AMNH). County, 4, ix.21.11, G. M. Greene (USNM). Riley County. 5, iv.9. — , Popenoe (USNM). Sedgwick County. Kechi, 5 $, 12 2, viii. 10.59; near Viola, 3 $,3 2, viii. 10.60; Sunnydale, 5 m. E., 4 3, 1 2, vi.13.58; Wichita, 3 m. E., 41 3, 46 2, ix.28.57, JRZ (NMSU). Seward County. Liberal, 2<5,42, viii. 12.58; 3 m. NE. 13,2 2, viii.12.58, JRZ (NMSU). Shawnee County. Topeka, 2, v.24.— ; 1, vii.19. — ; 1, vii.25. — ; 3, Popenoe (USNM). Sumner County. Hunnewell, 5 m. S., 13, vi.22.60; South Haven, 4 m. N., 1 2, vi.23.60, JRZ (NMSU). LOUISIANA. Acadia County. Crowley, 1, ix.30.11, E. S. Tucker (USNM). Rayne, 3, vi.20.17 (CNL). Cameron County. Cameron, 2 2, vii.10-14.05, Van Dyke (CAS). Lafayette County. Lafayette, 1 3, v. 19. 51, O. Bryant (CAS). Natchitoches County. Vowell's Mill, 2, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 4 3, 2 2, Leng (CAS); 4 3,4 2, Leng (AMNH). Orleans County. New Orleans, Camp Planche, 3 2, ii. 10.44, iii.10.44, D. E. Beck (CAS). Plaquemines County. Port Sulphur, 2 2, xi.6.43, D. E. Beck (CAS). St. Landry County. Opelousas, 3 3,12, v.—.— (CNG) ; 4 m. W., 42 3 , 64 2 , vi.26.63, J. G. & K. C. Rozen (AMNH). Vermilion County. Gueydan, 33, vi.15-16.25; 46, vii.2.25; 1, vi.25.26, E. Klambach (USNM). Vernon County. Camp Polk, 1 3, vii.— .45, K. L. Maehler (CAS). Baton Rouge County. Baton Rouge, 1 2, vi.3.64, R. Hepburn (CAS). MASSACHUSETTS. Middlesex County. Lowell, 1 2, iv.20.71 (MCZ). MARYLAND. Baltimore County. Baltimore, 13, 12, vii.l. — ; 1 2, vii. 13.— , F. E. Blaisdell; 13,12, vii.l.— ; 1 2, vii. 13.09, F. E. Blaisdell (CAS). Montgomery County. Piney Point, 4, viii. 26.46, R. I. Sailer (USNM). MICHIGAN. Berrien County. Warren Dunes St. Pk., 13,12, viii. 19.52, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM). Emmet County. Pellston, 4 m. N., 1 2, vi.25.52; 1 3, viii.6.52, P. J. Spangler, Jr. (USNM). Macomb County. Mt. Clemens, 1 3, vi.24.44, B. Malkin (FM). Marquette County. Marquette, 1, vii.2.16, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Van Buren County. South Haven, 12, viii.2.— : 7, viii.11.04, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 4 3,5 2, viii.2.— , V. E. Shelford (AMNH). MINNESOTA. Hennepin County. Excelsior, 3, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Olmsted County. Rochester, 17, vii.12. — ; 16, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 3 3,12, vii.12.—, C. N. Ainslie (AMNH). County, 2, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Ramsey County. St. Paul, 2, vii.— .—, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). MISSISSIPPI. George County. Lucedale, 1, vii.2.30; 1, vi.22.31, H. Dietrich (CNL). Harrison County. Biloxi, 10 m. N., 2 3, 3 2, viii.30.60, P. M. Marsh (DAV). Jackson County. Horn Island, 1 3, v.1.44; 1 3, vi.13.44; 13,12, vi.16.44, E.A.R. (USNM). Perry County. Beaumont, 7, iv. 19.32, H. Dietrich (CNL). MISSOURI. Boone County. Ashland, 4 3, 6 2, ix.9.54, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Columbia, 40 (USNM); 1, iii.29.36, W. M. Gordon (CNL); 1 3, x.8.54, P. J. Spangler (USNM); 1 2, viii. 12.46; 1 2, xii.8.46, W. R. Enns (CAS). Rocheport, 1 m. W., 1 5, 1 5, ix.25.54 (USNM). Gentry County. Albany, 2 5,4 9, vi. 13.52, P. J. Spangler (USNM); 3 5,4 2, vi.13.52, P. J. Spangler (CAS). Mississippi County. Charleston, 1 m. N., 1, iv.23.56, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Ripley County. Doniphan, Logan Ck., 1, iv.23.56, P. J. Spangler (USNM). St. Louis County. Howard Bend, 4, vi.28.37; 17, vii. 17.37, W. M. Gordon (CNL). St. Louis, 2 5, 2 2; 1 8, vi.— .— (CNG); 4, vii.— .77 (USNM). County, 3, ix. 18.40, W. M. Gordon (CNL). Shannon County. Winona, 14 m. S., 1, iv. — .56, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Vernon County. Nevada, 1 5, v.11.58, J. W. McReynolds (CAS). NEBRASKA. Arthur County. Near Tyron, 7 5 , 3 2, viii. 17.61, JRZ (NMSU). Keith County. North of Ogalla, 1 5, 2 2, viii.17.61, JRZ (NMSU). Lancaster County. Lincoln, 1, Shimek (USNM). Lincoln County. North Platte, 1 m. S., 2 5, 2 2, viii. 16.61; 1 m. E., 3 5, 5 2 , viii.17.61; 10 m. W., 3 5,5 2, viii.17.61, JRZ (NMSU). Otoe County. Palmyra, 1 2, W. F. Rapp, Jr. (WFR). Saunders County. Ceresco, 1, viii. 25. 59, W. F. Rapp, Jr. (CAS). NEW HAMPSHIRE. S(outhern?), 15,12, x.16.06 (CAS). NEW JERSEY. Bergen County. Fort Lee, 1, ix.22.— , J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Camden County. Berlin, 1 2, vi.24.33, L. J. Bottimer (BERK). May County. Anglesea, 1 2 (AMNH); 3, G. M. Greene (USNM); 3, C. Boerner (CNL); 1 5, 2 2, v.10.— , J. W. Green (CAS); 4 5, 3 2, v. 8.— (ANSP). Ocean County. Lakehurst, 6, ix.2. — ; 1, ix.1.01; 8, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 2 5,12, iv.20.— (CAS). NEW MEXICO. Colfax County. Cimarron, 10 m. N., 1 2, vii. 15.65, A. H. Smith; near Maxwell, 2 2, viii.14.61, JRZ (NMSU). Harding County. Mosquero, 10 m. E., 2 3,4 9, x.23.65, A. H. Smith (NMSU). San Miguel County. Mosquero, 19 m. W., 15,12, x.23.65; 2 m. W., 1 5, 1 2, x.23.65; Trujillo, 19 m. E., Trementina Ck., 2 2, x.23.65, A. H. Smith (NMSU). NEW YORK. Nassau County. Flushing, 2 5, viii. 11.46, P. Vaurie (AMNH). Niagara County. Olcott, 3, viii. 14.27, H. Dietrich (CNL) . Richmond County. Staten Island, 2 (USNM) ; 3, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 1 $, ix.27.38 (FM); 5 5,12, ix.ll.— , C. H. Roberts (AMNH). Westchester County. Peekskill, 2; 1, v.12.07, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). Long Island, 2 (USNM). NORTH CAROLINA. Columbus County, 1, vii. 14-21.52 (USNM). Pender County. Willard, 1, v.11.53, W. M. Kulosh (USNM). Swain County. Bryson City, 8 m. SW., 3 2, v.18.57, JRZ (NMSU). OHIO. Athens County. Athens, 4 5, 5 2, v.21-22.51, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Vinton County. Lake Hope, 15,12, vii.10.58, W. C. Stehr (CAS). Warren County. Mason, 2 m. S., 12, iv. 24.57, JRZ (NMSU). OKLAHOMA. Kay County. Braman, 2.5 m. NW., 7 5, 7 2, vi.28.60; Tonkawa, 1 m. S., 2 5, 1 2, vi.23.60, JRZ (NMSU). Noble County. Perry, 4 m. E., 1 5, 3 2, viii.1.60, JRZ (NMSU). Pittsburg County. Savannah, 5 5,5 2, x.19.56, JRZ (NMSU). Seminole County. Seminole, 5 m. NE., 1 5,22, x.19.56, JRZ (NMSU) . PENNSYLVANIA. Allegheny County. Aspinwall, 1 5, ix. 18.28; Pittsburgh, 2 5, v. 10.— ; 15,12, v. 17.25 (CNG). Butler County. Evans City, Ash Stop, 1 5, vii.21.27 (CNG). Dauphin County. Linglestown, 1, Kaeber (USNM). Elk County. Caledonia, 4, J. D. Sherman,
Jr. (USNM). Lancaster County. Lancaster, 1, vii.14. — , Kaeber (USNM). Philadelphia County. Philadelphia, Phil. Neck, 2, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM);
1 5, x.9.— (FM); 1 9, v.12.— (ANSP). SOUTH CAROLINA. Beaufort County. Beaufort, 3 5 , 1 9 , iii. 23.92; 10 5, 13 9, iii.31.92; 2 5 , 5 9, iv.7.92;
2 5, iv. 11.92: 10 5, 23 9, iv.12.92; 4 9, iv.20.92; 5 3, 8 9, G. D. Bradford (AMNH). Colleton County. Ruffin, 1, viii. 30.28, D. Dunavan (USNM). Pickens County. Clemson College, 2, xi. 22.28; 1, 12. — . — , D. Donavan (USNM). SOUTH DAKOTA. Brule County. Chamberlain, 1 3 , 1 9 , ix.9.39, G. B. Spawn (AMNH). TENNESSEE. Shelby County. Memphis, 1 9, v.11.55, H. F. Howden (DAV). TEXAS. Bastrop County. Bastrop, 1 9, vii. 12.37 (TAM); St. Pk., 1, vi.19.56, Evans & Matthews (CNL). Bexar County. Leon Ck., 2 9, x. 11.52, B. J. Adelson (CAS). San Antonio, 1 3, 1 9, iv.9.58, J. F. Laurence (BERK); 1 9?, vi.— .42, E. S. Ross (CAS); 1 9, Wickham (CNG). Blanco County. Cypress Mill, 2, Chttn. (USNM);
1 5, ix.20.88; 3 3,19, x.20.88 (CAS). Shovel Mtn., 12 (USNM); 15,19 (CAS); 4 5, 4 9, ix.— .— , F. G. Schaupp (AMNH). Bowie County. Texarkana, 2 9, x. 17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Brazos County. College Station, Wyxon L.,2 9, iv. 18.53 (TAM); 5 3,19, x.18.56, JRZ (NMSU); Fish Lake, 34 5, 48 9, x. 1 7.64 -i. 24.65, Conte (TAM). Brewster County. Marathon, 2 5,
2 9, x. 12.49, O. Bryant (CAS). Burnett County. 7, Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM); 2, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). County, 1 5, 1 9 (AMNH). Calhoun County. Port La Vaca, 1 5, 1954, P. A. Glick (CAS). Cameron County. Brownsville, 2, v. 3.04, H. S. Barber (USNM) ; 1 (USNM) ; 1, vii.—.—, Wickham (USNM); 1 5 (FM); 1, vi.— .— , Dretz (USNM); 5 (USNM); 13,19, vi.— .— , F. H. Snow; 2 9, x.— .42; 3 5, 1 9, xi.27.42; 1 8, vii.24.42, E. S. Ross (CAS); 1 8, 1 9, ix.22.24, Weed & Pray (FM); 1 8, iv.26.56, P. A. Glick; 4 9, x.4.57, W. Miller (SCH); Esperanza Ranch, 5, viii.19.— (USNM); Old Ft. Brown, 1, viii.3.06, A. B. Wolcott (USNM). Seabrook, 1 8, x.20.49, O. Bryant (CAS). Colorado County. Borden, 1, vi.18. — , Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM). Columbus, 5, vi.18. — ; viii.l. — ; v.4. — ; vii. 24.— : vi.27.— , C. V. Riley; 2, viii. 1-6.— , Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM). Comal County. San Marcos, 13 m. W., 1 6 , vi.24-25.61, R. L. Westcott (LACM). Dallas County. Dallas, 1, v. 22.05, I. C. Crawford; 1, v.7.03, C. R. Jones; 3, Wickham (USNM); 4 5,29 (AMNH); 1 9, Wickham (ANSP). Duval County. San Diego, 1, v.23. — , Hubbard & Schwarz (USNM). El Paso County. El Paso, 1 5 (CAS); 2 5,29 (AMNH). Falls County. Little Brazos R. at St. Rd. 6, 11 3 , 7 9 , x.18.56, JRZ (NMSU). Gonzales County. Harwood, 1. Wickham (USNM). Grayson County. Lake Texoma, below the dam, 4 5, 1 9, x.19.56, JRZ (NMSU). Sherman, 17 5, 17 9 , vi. 14.57, D. R. Lauck (USNM). Grimes County. Singleton, 2 m. N., 2 5, 3 9, x.18.56, JRZ (NMSU). Harris County. Houston. 11, vi.15.32, Harwood; 1. vii. 1.39, Vick (CNL). Seabrook, 1 9, viii.6. — , J. W. Green (CAS). Harrison County. Karnack, 6 9, vi. 17.58, R. L. Fischer (MCHS). Hays County. Dripping Springs, 15,19, viii.9.42, W. S. & E. S. Ross (CAS). Hidalgo County. Edinburg. 11, ii.23.36, J. G. Needham (CNL). Hopkins County. Sulphur Springs, 16, 2 2, x.17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Davis County. Davis Mtns., Elbow Can. Crk., 1 6,3 2, x.27.61; Madero Can., 1 2, x.27.61; Davis Mtns., 4 6 , x.27.61, JRZ (NMSU). Jefferson County. Pt. Arthur, 3 6,42, x.18.48, O. Bryant (CAS). Jim Wells County. Alice, 8 m. NE., 9, viii.25.35, C. E. Burt (USNM). Kerr County. Kerrville, 10, i.22.07, F. C. Pratt (USNM). Kleberg County. Kingsville, 34, C. T. Reed (CNL); 3 5, 4 2, x.20.61, B. McDaniels ( NMSU ) . Riviera, 1 , ii.28.36, J. G. Needham (CNL) . Lee County. Fedor, 3 6,2 2, v.—.— (CNG). Lexington, 1, x.— .09, Berkiman (CAS). County, 1, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM); 1, v.— .10, Shoemaker (USNM); 1 6,3 2, ix.— .09 (CAS). McLennan County. Waco, 12 m. S., 2 2, x. 18.56, JRZ (NMSU). Nueces County. Corpus Christi, 1, v.10.44, F. R. DuChanois (USNM). Randall County. Palo Duro St. Pk., 1 6, viii.7.61, H. R. Burke (TAM). Refugio County. Refugio, 1 2, vi.9.60, F. N. Young (UMMZ). Sutton County. Sonora, Dry Devils' River, 1 6, xi.5.49, O. Bryant (CAS). Titus County. Mt. Pleasant, 5 m. S., 2 6 , 4 2 , x.17.56, JRZ (NMSU). Travis County. Austin, 2, vi.28.— , Wickham (USNM); 3 6,32, xi. 16.28; 36,22, xii.5.28; 1 5 , xii. 10.28; 1 6 , iv. 15.24, J. O. Martin (CAS). Val Verde County. Del Rio, 2 2, x.5.49, 1 6, xi.5.49, O. Bryant (CAS). Victoria County. Lolita, 1, vii.6.16, J. D. Mitchell (USNM). Victoria, 1, iii.20.01; 2, vi. 10.14; 6, ix.18.14; 1, viii.25.15, J. D. Mitchell (USNM) Washington County. Brenham, 1, iv.16.07, R. A. Cushman (USNM). Zapata County. Zapata, 5, ii.26.36, J. G. Needham (CNL). VERMONT. Bennington County. County, 2 6 , 2 2 , viii.16.—, C. H. Roberts (AMNH); 1 6 (ANSP). VIRGINIA. Bath County. Warm Springs, 1 6 , x.l. — (CAS). Fairfax County. Falls Church, 1, viii. — .14, St. George & Craighead (USNM). Hansemond County. Suffolk, 2 2, vi. 27.76, Dimwock (MCZ). Stafford County. Fredericksburg, 1, viii. 19.89; 2, iii.15.91; 2, iii. 26.99; 1, ix.21.00, W. D. Richardson (USNM). WEST VIRGINIA. Greenbriar County. White Sulphur Springs, 1, vii.23.10, W. Robinson (USNM). WISCONSIN. Dane County. Madison, 1 6, ix.31.35, H. R. Doge (CAS). Dodge County. Beaver Dam, 1, vi.22.10, W. E. Snyder (USNM). Sauk County. Sauk City, 1, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM) . Shawano County. Cloverleaf, 1, viii.17.39, H. R. Dodge (CAS). WYOMING. Goshen County. Ft. Laramie, 3.5 m. W., 1 2, viii. 19.65; 5.3 m. E., 1 2, viii.18.65; Jay Em, 2.5 m. N., 1 6, viii.20.65; Lingle, 3.8 m. E., 1 6,1 2, viii.19.65, H. B. Leech (CAS).
MEXICO. — CAMPECHE. Champoton, 11 m. SW., 7 5, 5 2, xi.27.63; Chencholli, 1 6, 2 2, xi.28.63; Cuidad de Carmen, 4 m. E., 25 6 , 27 2 , xi.27.63, JRZ: Puerto Real, 2 m. W., 13 5, 9 2, xi.25.63, K. L. McWilliams (NMSU). CHIAPAS. Azufre (near Teapa), 5 5,3 2, xi.26.63; Ocozucuatla, 6 m. W., 15, ix.1.63; Teapa, 5 m. N„ 2 5,19, xi.26.63, JRZ (NMSU). COAHUILA. Ramos Arizpe, 2 2, vii.7.63, JRZ (NMSU). OAXACA. La Ventosa, 50 m. N., 1 5, xii. 14.55, J. C. Schaffner (UMMZ). Rd. 185, 15 m. N. of Junct. of Rd. 190 (about 20 m. N. of Juchitan), 1 6, ix.2.63, JRZ (NMSU). SAN LUIS POTOSI. Agua Zarca (near Platinito), 1 5; Antiguo Morelos, 1 5 , iii. 23.63; Comoca, Rio Axtla, 1 6 , iii.23.63; Mante, 1 2 , iii.23.63,
JRZ (NMSU). TABASCO. Villahermosa, 5 m. S., 11 $, 6 2, xi.26.63; 2 m. E., 6 3 , 10 2 , JRZ (NMSU) . TAMAULIPAS. Magiscatzin, Rio Guayalejo, 2 5, iii.26.63, JRZ (NMSU). San Fernando, Rio Linares, 1 3 (det. as compared with type of confusus by FNY), vi. 10.60, F. N. Young (UMMZ). San Jose, 5, iv. — .10, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM). VERACRUZ. Catemaco,
1 3, 12, viii.26.62; Coatzacoalcos, 15 m. E., 10 5, 12, viii.26.62, JRZ (NMSU). Cotaxtla, 1 3, vi.13.58, D. Candia Z. (CAS). YUCATAN. Progress 5 m. S., 5 3, 1 2, xi.24.63; Uxmal, 5 8, 6 2, xi. 25.63, JRZ (NMSU).
VIRGIN ISLANDS. — Anagarda, 16 8, 27 2, iii. 31.25; St. Croix, 9 8, 17 2, iv.4.25; St. Thomas, 8 5,7 2, ii.28.25 (AMNH).
PUERTO RICO. — Adjuntas, 18, 12, vi.8-13.15; Arecibo, 1 8, ii.— .99, Aug. Busck; 1 8, ii. 1 1.55, D. L. Lauck; 7 3,12, vii.30-viii.L14 (AMNH). Bayamon, 3 8,2 2,i. — .99, Aug. Busck (USNM). Caguas, 3 8, 1 2, v. 28-29. 15; Coama Springs, 3 3,4 2, vii.17-18.14; 4 5,4 2, ii. 1 1 . — (AMNH). Fajardo, 4 5,3 2, ii.— .99, Aug. Busck (USNM). Isabella, 7 3,3 2, i.4.15 (AMNH). Manati, 1 2, ii. 12.55, P. J. Spangler (USNM). Porto Rico, 1, J. D. Sherman, Jr. (USNM);1 3 (AMNH). San Sabastion, 1 3 , i.25.99, Aug. Busck (USNM).
BRITISH WEST INDIES. — BAHAMA ISLANDS. Abasco Cays, Allans Cay,
2 2, v.9.53, E. B. Hayden; Andros Island, Coakley Town, 15,12, iv.22.53, E. B. Hayden; Hatchet Bay, 1 2, iv.2.53, E. B. Hayden & L. Giovannoli; Cat Island, 15,12, iii.21.53, E. B. Hayden; Crooked Island, Landrail Pt., 2 5, 2 2, iii. 5. 53, E. B. Hayden; Eleuthera Island, Governors Harb., 1 5, iii. 3 1.53. Exuma Cay, 1 2, i. 14.53, E. B. Hayden & L. Giovannoli; Grand Bahama, West Ind., 4 5, 2 2, E. B. Hayden; Grand Turk Island, 9 2, ii.19.53, E. B. Hayden; Great Inagua Island, Matthew, 12 m. N., 12, vi.29.53, E. B. Hayden, L. Giovannoli; Long Island, Deadman's Cayon, 15,12, iii. 11.53, E. B. Hayden & L. Giovannoli; N. Bimini Island, 1 5, vi. — .51, M. Cazier, C. & P. Vaurie; New Providence Island, Nassau, 1 5, i.3.53; 1 2, iv.5.53, E. B. Hayden (AMNH); 3 5,4 2 (ANSP). Rum Cayon, 2 5 , 4 2 , iii.16.53, E. B. Hayden; S. Bimini Island, 3 5,4 2, vi.— .51, M. Cazier, C. & P. Vaurie; 1 2, v.— .51, Cazier & Gertsch; 1 2, viii. 10.51; C. & P. Vaurie; South Caicos Island, 1 5, 2 2, ii.11.53, E. B. Hayden & G. B. Rabb (AMNH).
CUBA. — Havana, 3 5, 12, Baker (CNG). Jutinica, Alto Sonto, 2 2,
xi.9.24; Pinar del Rio, 15,3 2, ix.9-24.13; 10 km. S. Pinar Rio, 2 5, 3 2,
ix.12-22.13: 7-14 km. N. Vinales, 6 5, 13 2, ix.16-22.13; Cabanas, 5 2,2 5, ix.5-8.13 (AMNH).
- bibliyografik atıf
- Zimmerman, J.R. 1970. A Taxonomic Revision of the aquatic beetle genus Laccophilus (Dytiscidae) of North America. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society vol. 26. Philadelphia, USA