Ammophila W. Kirby 1798 makaleleri - Yaşam Ansiklopedisi

Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico tarafından sağlandı

The behavior of these slender, elongate wasps has been studied by a host of observers. All species are fossorial, usually solitary in nesting habits, although a few extralimital species are gregarious nesters. Typically, the nest consists of a short, oblique to perpendicular burrow terminating in a single cell, although 2-celled nests have been reported in two species. Usually, the nest is dug before prey is obtained, but two species have been reported as capturing prey before constructing the nest. ~The prey used by Ammophila consists usually of hairless larvae although sparsely to densely haired larvae may be used occasionally. Lepidopterous larvae are frequently provided, but occasionally hymenopterous (sawfly) larvae are used. There is one record of weevil larvae being preyed upon by azteca Cam. which also uses lepidopterous and sawfly larvae. It is probable that caterpillars are the preferred prey, and that sawfly or weevil larvae are used only when there is not a ready supply of caterpillars. Wasps using larger larvae for prey, store only one per nest; those using smaller larvae may provide as many as 11 per cell. Most species are mass provisioners, but several practice progressive provisioning. Three species, including our native azteca, are known to maintain several nests simultaneously which are provisioned progressively. ~The Peckhams observed one specimen of urnaria Dahlb. using a pebble to tamp the earth in the nest closure. They contended that this constituted improvisation of a tool and intelligent use of it. Subsequent observations on other species demonstrate conclusively that the supposed tool-using behavior is not an intelligent act but the culmination of a succession of instinctive behavioral traits.

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bibliyografik atıf: Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. 1979. Prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein and Paul D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, and David R. Smith and B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute. Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture.

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Ammophila (insecte) ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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Ammòfila (Ammophila) és un gènere d'insectes solitaris, aculeats, d'uns 2 centímetres de llargada i de color negrós, propis de les zones de clima tropical. A Europa viu l'ammòfila de la sorra (A. sabulosa), que captura erugues de lepidòpters i les immobilitza picant-les amb el seu fibló verinós, però sense matar-les. Les transporta al seu cau, fet a terra, i diposita un ou sobre cada eruga, que constituirà un aliment fresc per a la larva de l'ammòfila quan surti de l'ou.^[1]

Són insectes semblant a les vespes. És particularment conegut per l'ús d'una pedra celebrades entre les seves mandíbules per piconar la terra. Així és una de les poques vespes que s'han observat utilitzant eines.^[2] Segons ETIS aquest gènere conté més de 200 espècies.

Contingut

1 Llista d'espècies
- 1.1 A Europa
- 1.2 Al món
2 Referències

Llista d'espècies

A Europa

Ammophila albotomentosa (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila campestris (Latreille, 1809)
Ammophila gracillima (Taschenberg, 1869)
Ammophila heydeni (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila hungarica (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila laevicollis (Ed. André, 1886)
Ammophila leclercqi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila modesta (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila nasuta (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila occipitalis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila pubescens (Curtis, 1836)
Ammophila sabulosa o sabater (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sareptana (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila striata (Mocsáry, 1878)
Ammophila terminata (F. Smith, 1856)

Al món

Ammophila aberti (Haldeman, 1852)
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila aellos (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila afghanica (Balthasar, 1957)
Ammophila albotomentosa (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila altigena (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila aphrodite (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila apicalis (Guérin-Méneville, 1835)
Ammophila arabica (W.F. Kirby, 1900)
Ammophila ardens (F. Smith, 1868)
Ammophila areolata (Walker, 1871)
Ammophila argyrocephala (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila arnaudi (Tsuneki, 1976)
Ammophila arvensis (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila asiatica (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila assimilis (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila atripes (F. Smith, 1852)
Ammophila aucella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila aurifera (R. Turner, 1908)
Ammophila azteca (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila basalis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila bellula (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila boharti (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila bonaespei (Lepeletier, 1845)
Ammophila borealis (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila brevipennis (Bingham, 1897)
Ammophila californica (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris (Latreille, 1809)
Ammophila caprella (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila cellularis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila centralis (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila clypeola (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila coachella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila conditor (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila confusa (A. Costa, 1864)
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila coronata (A. Costa, 1864)
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele (Menke, 1970)
Ammophila dantoni (Roth in Nadig, 1933)
Ammophila dejecta (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila dentigera (Gussakovskij, 1928)
Ammophila deserticola (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila djaouak (de Beaumont, 1956)
Ammophila dolichocephala (Cameron, 1910)
Ammophila dolichodera (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila dubia (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila dysmica (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila elongata (Fischer de Waldheim, 1843)
Ammophila erminea (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila evansi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila exsecta (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila extremitata (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila eyrensis (R. Turner, 1908)
Ammophila femurrubra (W. Fox, 1894)
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferrugineipes (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila ferruginosa (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila filata (Walker, 1871)
Ammophila formicoides (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila formosensis (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila ganquana (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila gaumeri (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila globifrontalis (Li and Ch. Yang, 1995)
Ammophila gracilis (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila gracillima (Taschenberg, 1869)
Ammophila guichardi (de Beaumont, 1956)
Ammophila haimatosoma (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila hermosa (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila heteroclypeola (Li and Xue, 1998)
Ammophila hevans (Menke, 2004)
Ammophila heydeni (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei (Alfieri, 1946)
Ammophila horni (von Schulthess, 1927)
Ammophila hungarica (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila hurdi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila iliensis (Kazenas, 2001)
Ammophila imitator (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila induta (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila infesta (F. Smith, 1873)
Ammophila insignis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila insolata (F. Smith, 1858)
Ammophila instabilis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila juncea (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila koppenfelsii (Taschenberg, 1880)
Ammophila laeviceps (F. Smith, 1873)
Ammophila laevicollis (Ed. André, 1886)
Ammophila laevigata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila lampei (Strand, 1910)
Ammophila laticeps (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila lativalvis (Gussakovskij, 1928)
Ammophila leclercqi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila macra (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila marshi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila mcclayi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila mediata (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila menghaiana (Li and Ch. Yang, 1989)
Ammophila meridionalis (Kazenas, 1980)
Ammophila mescalero (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mimica (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mitlaensis (Alfieri, 1961)
Ammophila modesta (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila moenkopi (Menke, 1967)
Ammophila monachi (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mongolensis (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila murrayi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila nancy (Menke, 2007)
Ammophila nasalis (Provancher, 1895)
Ammophila nasuta (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila nearctica (Kohl, 1889)
Ammophila nefertiti (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila nigricans (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila nitida (Fischer de Waldheim, 1834)
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila obscura (Bischoff, 1912)
Ammophila occipitalis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila pachythoracalis (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parkeri (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila philomela (Nurse, 1903)
Ammophila picipes (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila pictipennis (Walsh, 1869)
Ammophila pilimarginata (Cameron, 1912)
Ammophila placida (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila planicollaris (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila platensis (Brèthes, 1909)
Ammophila poecilocnemis (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila polita (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila procera (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila producticollis (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila pseudoheydeni (Li and He, 2000)
Ammophila pseudonasuta (Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955)
Ammophila pubescens (Curtis, 1836)
Ammophila pulawskii (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila punctata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti (Guichard, 1988)
Ammophila regina (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila roborovskyi (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila rubigegen (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila rubiginosa (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila rubripes (Spinola, 1839)
Ammophila ruficollis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila ruficosta (Spinola, 1851)
Ammophila rufipes (Guérin-Méneville, 1831)
Ammophila rugicollis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sarekandana (Balthasar, 1957)
Ammophila sareptana (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila separanda (F. Morawitz, 1891)
Ammophila shoshone (Menke, 1967)
Ammophila sickmanni (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila silvestris (Kirkbride, 1982)
Ammophila sinensis (Sickmann, 1894)
Ammophila sjoestedti (Gussakovskij, 1934)
Ammophila smithii (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila stangei (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila strenua (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila striata (Mocsáry, 1878)
Ammophila strumosa (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila subassimilis (Strand, 1913)
Ammophila tekkensis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila terminata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila tsunekii (Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976)
Ammophila tuberculiscutis (Turner, 1919)
Ammophila tyrannica (Cameron, 1890)
Ammophila unita (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila untumoris (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila urnaria (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila varipes (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila vetuberosa (Li and C. Yang in Li, Li and Yang, 1994)
Ammophila vulcania (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila wahlbergi (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana (Li and C. Yang, 1989)
Ammophila zanthoptera (Cameron, 1888)

Referències

A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Ammophila

↑ «Ammòfila». l'Enciclopèdia. Enciclopèdia Catalana, SAU. [Consulta: 27 juliol 2010].
↑ D. i M. Fremy, Quid 2005, Ed° Robert Laffont, 2005. Article Zoologie, p. 210. b.

Ammophila (TSN 154323) al web del Sistema Integrat d'Informació Taxonòmica. (anglès)

Ammophilaa Fauna Europea

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Ammophila (insecte): Brief Summary ( Katalanca; Valensiyaca )

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Ammòfila (Ammophila) és un gènere d'insectes solitaris, aculeats, d'uns 2 centímetres de llargada i de color negrós, propis de les zones de clima tropical. A Europa viu l'ammòfila de la sorra (A. sabulosa), que captura erugues de lepidòpters i les immobilitza picant-les amb el seu fibló verinós, però sense matar-les. Les transporta al seu cau, fet a terra, i diposita un ou sobre cada eruga, que constituirà un aliment fresc per a la larva de l'ammòfila quan surti de l'ou.

Són insectes semblant a les vespes. És particularment conegut per l'ús d'una pedra celebrades entre les seves mandíbules per piconar la terra. Així és una de les poques vespes que s'han observat utilitzant eines. Segons ETIS aquest gènere conté més de 200 espècies.

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Sandwespen ( Almanca )

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Raupe der Buchen-Kahneule, durch eine Grabwespe der Gattung Ammophila gelähmt und mit einem Ei belegt

Sandwespen (Ammophila) sind eine Gattung der Grabwespen (Spheciformes) aus der Familie Sphecidae. Die Gattung umfasst weltweit 187 Arten, das Hauptverbreitungsgebiet sind die warmen Regionen Asiens und das Mittelmeergebiet. In der Paläarktis sind 70 Arten vertreten,^[1] in Europa kommen 15 Arten vor.^[2] In Mitteleuropa sind davon sechs Arten heimisch, drei davon in Deutschland.^[1]

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Merkmale
2 Lebensweise
3 Arten (Europa)
4 Belege
- 4.1 Einzelnachweise
- 4.2 Literatur
5 Weblinks

Merkmale

Die großen und schlanken Grabwespen haben einen an der Basis stielförmigen Hinterleib, der anders als bei den ähnlichen Kurzstielsandwespen (Podalonia) nicht aus einem, sondern zwei Hinterleibssegmenten besteht. Der Stiel verdickt sich zunehmend nach hinten. Der Thorax trägt kleine, weiße, silbrig glänzende Filzflecken. Die Männchen sind zusätzlich auch auf der Stirnplatte (Clypeus) kurz silbrig behaart. Die Mandibeln sind lang und kräftig. Sie sind innenseitig bei den Weibchen mit drei, bei den Männchen mit einem Zahn besetzt. Die Weibchen haben in Anpassung an die Nistweise im Sand an den Tarsen der Vorderbeine einen steifen Borstenkamm, mit dem Sand gescharrt werden kann. Gelockert wird der Sand jedoch mit den Mandibeln.^[1]

Lebensweise

Die Brut der Sandwespen wird mit Raupen von Schmetterlingen oder Afterraupen versorgt. Die Beute wird wie bei den Kurzstielsandwespen durch Stiche gelähmt und anschließend mit dem Kopf nach vorne und dem Bauch nach oben im Flug abtransportiert. Dabei wird es mit den Mandibeln und zusätzlich mit den Vorderbeinen gehalten. Gelegentlich wird die Strecke wegen des Gewichtes der Beute auch teilweise zu Fuß zurückgelegt. Es kommt auch vor, dass die Raupe abgelegt wird und das Weibchen Orientierungsflüge zum Nest unternimmt. Das Nest wird im Sand angelegt, dies immer vor der Jagd.

Häufig werden die Imagines vom Fächerflügler Xenos sphecidarum parasitiert. Ausgewachsene Sandwespen sind Blütenbesucher, fressen aber auch Honigtau von Blattläusen.^[1]

Arten (Europa)

Ammophila albotomentosa Morice, 1900
Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809
Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila hungarica Mocsary, 1883
Ammophila laevicollis E. Andre, 1886
Ammophila leclercqi Menke, 1964
Ammophila modesta Mocsary, 1883
Ammophila nasuta Lepeletier, 1845
Ammophila occipitalis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sareptana Kohl, 1884
Ammophila striata Mocsary, 1878
Ammophila terminata F. Smith, 1856

Belege

Einzelnachweise

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Manfred Blösch: Die Grabwespen Deutschlands: Lebensweise, Verhalten, Verbreitung. 1. Auflage. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2, S. 126 f.
↑ Ammophila. Fauna Europaea, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2010.

Literatur

Manfred Blösch: Die Grabwespen Deutschlands: Lebensweise, Verhalten, Verbreitung. 1. Auflage. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2.

Weblinks

– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

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Sandwespen: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

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Raupe der Buchen-Kahneule, durch eine Grabwespe der Gattung Ammophila gelähmt und mit einem Ei belegt

Sandwespen (Ammophila) sind eine Gattung der Grabwespen (Spheciformes) aus der Familie Sphecidae. Die Gattung umfasst weltweit 187 Arten, das Hauptverbreitungsgebiet sind die warmen Regionen Asiens und das Mittelmeergebiet. In der Paläarktis sind 70 Arten vertreten, in Europa kommen 15 Arten vor. In Mitteleuropa sind davon sechs Arten heimisch, drei davon in Deutschland.

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Ammofillar ( Özbekçe )

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Ammofillar, qum arilari (Am-mophilia) – kavlovchi arilar oilasiga mansub arilar urug‘i. Qorin bo‘limi uzun qizg‘ish poyachadan iborat. Tuproqqa bitta katakchali uya quradi. Turli kapalaklar qurtlarini falajlab uyasiga olib ke-lib, unga tuxum qo‘yadi. Tuxumdan chiqqan qurti falajlangan kapalak qurti bilan oziqlanadi. 250 turi keng tarkalgan. O‘zbekistonda 15 ga yaqin turi ma’lum.

Adabiyotlar

OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil

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Ammofillar: Brief Summary ( Özbekçe )

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Ammofillar, qum arilari (Am-mophilia) – kavlovchi arilar oilasiga mansub arilar urug‘i. Qorin bo‘limi uzun qizg‘ish poyachadan iborat. Tuproqqa bitta katakchali uya quradi. Turli kapalaklar qurtlarini falajlab uyasiga olib ke-lib, unga tuxum qo‘yadi. Tuxumdan chiqqan qurti falajlangan kapalak qurti bilan oziqlanadi. 250 turi keng tarkalgan. O‘zbekistonda 15 ga yaqin turi ma’lum.

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Аммофилалар ( Kırgızça )

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Аммофилалар (лат. Ammophila) — жаргак канаттуу, мите ийинчил сары аарылардын бир уруусу, булардын бир нече түрлөрү белгилүү: (лат. A. salulosa) — кум аммофиласы; (лат. A. pybescens) — түктүү аммофила ж.у.с.

Колдонулган адабияттар

А. А. Алдашев. Биология терминдеринин жана айбанат аттарынын орусча-кыргызча сөздүгү. - Бишкек, 1998. ISBN 9967-11-027-9

↑ Калып:ITIS

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Аммофилалар: Brief Summary ( Kırgızça )

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Аммофилалар (лат. Ammophila) — жаргак канаттуу, мите ийинчил сары аарылардын бир уруусу, булардын бир нече түрлөрү белгилүү: (лат. A. salulosa) — кум аммофиласы; (лат. A. pybescens) — түктүү аммофила ж.у.с.

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Ammophila (wasp) ( İngilizce )

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Ammophila is the type genus of the subfamily Ammophilinae of the hunting wasp family Sphecidae. Ammophila is a large and cosmopolitan genus, with over 200 species, mostly occurring in the warmer regions of all continents apart from Antarctica.

Vernacular names

Ammophila ferrugineipes

They sometimes are referred to as "thread-waisted wasps", but the name is not definitive, because many other members of the Sphecidae are thread-waisted, too, and referred to as such. Sometimes Ammophiline wasps are referred to as "sand wasps"; this may be better because it is consistent with the name Ammophila, which derives from the Greek for "sand lover", presumably because many species dig their nests in sand. However, as is frequent in dealing with common names, no definitive common name for the Ammophilinae exists; entomologists usually confine themselves to the technical names for convenience and clarity.

Morphology and habits

As is frequent in large genera, considerable variation occurs in their habits and appearance, but predominantly they are medium-sized wasps of strikingly slender build, with antennae about as long as the head plus thorax.

The jaws are not large, but are strong and apart from feeding and digging, often are used for unexpected functions such as holding a pebble with which the wasp hammers down soil to seal a nest,^[2] or to grip the stem of a plant at night, holding its body at right-angles to the stem, its legs folded and all the weight taken up by the mandibles. This habit is not unique to the Ammophilinae — some bees, such as Amegilla, also overnight in that way, and Fabre documented some others.^[3]

Ammophila with a captured caterpillar

Nesting

Nesting is generally by digging an unbranched tunnel in sandy soil, but provisioning can be progressive, the mother bringing prey as the larva requires it, or mass provisioning, where each nest is provided with a single large prey item,^[4] or as many small prey items as should be required.^[2] Prey selection depends on the species available but mostly moth and sawfly caterpillars are chosen.

Species

Ammophila heydeni

The genus Ammophila was created by the English parson-naturalist William Kirby in 1798.^[5] It contains 243 extant species:^[6]

Ammophila aberti Haldeman, 1852
Ammophila abnormis Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha Kohl, 1901
Ammophila aellos Menke, 1966
Ammophila afghanica Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila africana Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila albotomentosa Morice, 1900
Ammophila altigena Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila antenniferruginea Yan and Q. Li, 2010
Ammophila antoninae Danilov, 2018
Ammophila antropovi Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila aphrodite Menke, 1964
Ammophila apicalis Guérin-Méneville, 1835
Ammophila arabica W.F. Kirby, 1900
Ammophila ardens F. Smith, 1868
Ammophila areolata Walker, 1871
Ammophila argyrocephala Arnold, 1951
Ammophila arnoldi Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila arvensis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila asiatica Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila assimilis Kohl, 1901
Ammophila atripes F. Smith, 1852
Ammophila aucella Menke, 1966
Ammophila aurifera R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila azteca Cameron, 1888
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum Arnold, 1951
Ammophila barkalovi Danilov, 2015
Ammophila beaumonti Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella Menke, 1966
Ammophila bellula Menke, 1964
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila bispinosa Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila boharti Menke, 1964
Ammophila borealis Q. Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila brevipennis Bingham, 1897
Ammophila californica Menke, 1964
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809
Ammophila caprella Arnold, 1951
Ammophila cellularis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila centralis Cameron, 1888
Ammophila centroafricana Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964
Ammophila clypeola Q. Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila clypeolineata Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila coachella Menke, 1966
Ammophila conditor F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila confusa A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora Cameron, 1888
Ammophila coronata A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele Menke, 1970
Ammophila dantoni Roth in Nadig, 1933
Ammophila dejecta Cameron, 1888
Ammophila dentigera Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila deserticola Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila djaouak de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila dolichocephala Cameron, 1910
Ammophila dolichodera Kohl, 1884
Ammophila dubia Kohl, 1901
Ammophila duhokensis Augul, Abdoul-Rassoul, and Kaddou, 2013
Ammophila dysmica Menke, 1966
Ammophila electa Kohl, 1901
Ammophila elongata Fischer de Waldheim, 1843
Ammophila erminea Kohl, 1901
Ammophila evansi Menke, 1964
Ammophila exsecta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila extremitata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila eyrensis R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila femurrubra W. Fox, 1894
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferruginosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila filata Walker, 1871
Ammophila fischeri Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila formicoides Menke, 1964
Ammophila formosensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila ganquana Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila gaumeri Cameron, 1888
Ammophila globifrontalis Q. Li and Ch. Yang, 1995
Ammophila globiverticalis Ch. Wang and L. Ma, 2018
Ammophila gracilis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869
Ammophila guichardi de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila gusenleitneri Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila gussakovskii Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila haimatosoma Kohl, 1884
Ammophila haladai Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila hallelujah Menke, 2020
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila hermosa Menke, 1966
Ammophila heteroclypeola Li and Xue, 1998
Ammophila hevans Menke, 2004
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei Alfieri, 1946
Ammophila horni von Schulthess, 1927
Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila hurdi Menke, 1964
Ammophila iliensis Kazenas, 2001
Ammophila imitator Menke, 1966
Ammophila induta Kohl, 1901
Ammophila infesta F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila insignis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila insolata F. Smith, 1858
Ammophila instabilis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila juncea Cresson, 1865
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae Menke, 1964
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila kenyensis Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila kondarensis Danilov, 2018
Ammophila kowalczyki Olszewski, 2020
Ammophila laeviceps F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila laevicollis Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila laevigata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila laminituberalis Ch. Wang and Ma, 2018
Ammophila lampei Strand, 1910
Ammophila lativalvis Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila leclercqi Menke, 1964
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila linda Menke, 2020
Ammophila longiclypeata Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila macra Cresson, 1865
Ammophila malickyi Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila marshi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mcclayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mediata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila menghaiana Q. Li and C. Yang, 1989
Ammophila menkei Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila meridionalis Kazenas, 1980
Ammophila mescalero Menke, 1966
Ammophila mexica Menke, 2020
Ammophila mimica Menke, 1966
Ammophila mitlaensis Alfieri, 1961
Ammophila modesta Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila moenkopi Menke, 1967
Ammophila monachi Menke, 1966
Ammophila mongolensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila murrayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila namibiensis Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila nancy Menke, 2007
Ammophila nasalis Provancher, 1895
Ammophila nasuta Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila nearctica Kohl, 1889
Ammophila nefertiti Menke, 1964
Ammophila nemkovi Danilov, 2018
Ammophila nigri Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila nigricans Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila nigrifrons Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila nigrina F. Morawitz, 1889
Ammophila nitida Fischer de Waldheim, 1834
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila occipitalis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila ohli Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila pachythoracalis Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila pakistana Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parapunctaticeps Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila parkeri Menke, 1964
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila persica Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila pevtsovi Danilov, 2015
Ammophila picipes Cameron, 1888
Ammophila pictipennis Walsh, 1869
Ammophila pilimarginata Cameron, 1912
Ammophila placida F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila platensis Brèthes, 1909
Ammophila poecilocnemis Morice, 1900
Ammophila polita Cresson, 1865
Ammophila procera Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila producticollis Morice, 1900
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila pseudodolichodera Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila pseudoheydeni Li and He, 2000
Ammophila pseudokalaharica Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila pseudonasuta Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836
Ammophila pulawskii Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila punctata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti Guichard, 1988
Ammophila quadraticollis A. Costa, 1893
Ammophila rauschi Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila regina Menke, 1964
Ammophila ressli Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila roborovskyi Kohl, 1906
Ammophila rubigegen Q. Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila rubiginosa Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila rubripes Spinola, 1839
Ammophila ruficosta Spinola, 1851
Ammophila rufipes Guérin-Méneville, 1831
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila saengeri Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila sarekandana Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila sareptana Kohl, 1884
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila schalleri Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila schmideggeri Dollfuss, 2013
Ammophila separanda F. Morawitz, 1891
Ammophila sickmanni Kohl, 1901
Ammophila sinensis Sickmann, 1894
Ammophila smithii F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila snizeki Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila stangei Menke, 1964
Ammophila strenua Cresson, 1865
Ammophila striata Mocsáry, 1878
Ammophila strumosa Kohl, 1906
Ammophila subassimilis Strand, 1913
Ammophila tekkensis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila terminata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila theryi (Gribodo, 1894)
Ammophila touareg Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila tsunekii Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976
Ammophila tuberculiscutis Turner, 1919
Ammophila turneri Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila tyrannica Cameron, 1890
Ammophila unita Menke, 1966
Ammophila untumoris Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila urnaria Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila vagabunda F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila varipes Cresson, 1865
Ammophila vetuberosa Q. Li and J. Yang, 1994
Ammophila vulcania du Buysson, 1897
Ammophila wahlbergi Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana Q. Li and C. Yang, 1989
Ammophila yaroslavi Danilov, 2018
Ammophila zambiensis Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila zanthoptera Cameron, 1888
Ammophila zapoteca Menke, 2020
Ammophila zetteli Dollfuss, 2015
Ammophila zimmermannae Dollfuss, 2013

References

^ "Ammophila". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
^ ^a ^b Peckham, George W, Peckham, Elizabeth G.; Wasps, Social and Solitary, Pub. Constable 1905
^ Fabre, Jean-Henri; The wonders of instinct; Pub: Century, New York 1918
^ Barbara J. Hager and Frank E. Kurczewski; Nesting Behavior of Ammophila harti (Fernald) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae); American Midland Naturalist Vol. 116, No. 1 (Jul., 1986); Pub: University of Notre Dame
^ Pulawski, Wojciech J. (2021) [2014]. "Family Group Names and Classification: and taxa excluded from Sphecidae sensu lato" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
^ Pulawski, Wojciech (2021). "Ammophila" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-02.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ammophila_(wasp)&oldid=1107742962"

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Ammophila (wasp): Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

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Ammophila is the type genus of the subfamily Ammophilinae of the hunting wasp family Sphecidae. Ammophila is a large and cosmopolitan genus, with over 200 species, mostly occurring in the warmer regions of all continents apart from Antarctica.

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Ammophila (insecto) ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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Ammophila es el género tipo de la subfamilia Ammophilinae de avispas de la familia Sphecidae. Es un género numeroso y cosmopolita, con más de 200 especies. La mayoría se encuentran en las regiones templadas de todos los continentes, excepto la Antártida.

Morfología y hábitos

Como es común en géneros con muchas especies, ocurren grandes variantes en sus hábitos y apariencia, pero son predominantemente avispas de tamaño mediano de proporciones marcadamente delgadas, con antenas aproximadamente tan largas como la cabeza y el tórax.

Las mandíbulas no son grandes, pero son fuertes y además de usarlas para cazar y cavar los nidos, a menudo son empleadas en formas inesperadas, por ejemplo para usar un pequeño guijarro como martillo para sellar la entrada al nido,^[2] o para prenderse de un tallo para dormir en esa posición toda la noche. Este hábito no es exclusivo de las Ammophilinae. Algunas abejas como Amegilla y algunas especies de avispas de otras familias también pasan la noche así.^[3]^[4]

Ammophila con su presa, una oruga

Ciclo vital

Cavan nidos en terreno arenoso, generalmente es un túnel sin ramificaciones. Las provisiones pueden ser suministradas en forma progresiva, en que la madre trae presas a medida que la larva las necesita, o en masa, en que la madre proporciona una sola presa de gran tamaño^[5] o un número de presas pequeñas suficientes para todo el desarrollo de la larva.^[2] El tipo de presa varía según las especies disponibles pero en general son orugas de Lepidoptera o larvas de Symphyta.^[6]

Pueden tener varias generaciones por año. Los adultos visitan flores y se alimentan de néctar.

Especies

Ammophila heydeni

En orden alfbético:^[1]

Ammophila aberti Haldeman, 1852
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha Kohl, 1901
Ammophila aellos Menke, 1966
Ammophila afghanica Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila albotomentosa Morice, 1900
Ammophila altigena Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila aphrodite Menke, 1964
Ammophila apicalis Guérin-Méneville, 1835
Ammophila arabica W.F. Kirby, 1900
Ammophila ardens F. Smith, 1868
Ammophila areolata Walker, 1871
Ammophila argyrocephala Arnold, 1951
Ammophila arnaudi Tsuneki, 1976
Ammophila arvensis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila asiatica Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila assimilis Kohl, 1901
Ammophila atripes F. Smith, 1852
Ammophila aucella Menke, 1966
Ammophila aurifera R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila azteca Cameron, 1888
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum Arnold, 1951
Ammophila basalis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella Menke, 1966
Ammophila bellula Menke, 1964
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila boharti Menke, 1964
Ammophila bonaespei Lepeletier, 1845
Ammophila borealis Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila brevipennis Bingham, 1897
Ammophila californica Menke, 1964
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809
Ammophila caprella Arnold, 1951
Ammophila cellularis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila centralis Cameron, 1888
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964
Ammophila clypeola Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila coachella Menke, 1966
Ammophila conditor F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila confusa A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora Cameron, 1888
Ammophila coronata A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele Menke, 1970
Ammophila dantoni Roth in Nadig, 1933
Ammophila dejecta Cameron, 1888
Ammophila dentigera Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila deserticola Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila djaouak de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila dolichocephala Cameron, 1910
Ammophila dolichodera Kohl, 1884
Ammophila dubia Kohl, 1901
Ammophila dysmica Menke, 1966
Ammophila elongata Fischer de Waldheim, 1843
Ammophila erminea Kohl, 1901
Ammophila evansi Menke, 1964
Ammophila exsecta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila extremitata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila eyrensis R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila femurrubra W. Fox, 1894
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferrugineipes Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila ferruginosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila filata Walker, 1871
Ammophila formicoides Menke, 1964
Ammophila formosensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila ganquana Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila gaumeri Cameron, 1888
Ammophila globifrontalis Li and Ch. Yang, 1995
Ammophila gracilis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869
Ammophila guichardi de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila haimatosoma Kohl, 1884
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila hermosa Menke, 1966
Ammophila heteroclypeola Li and Xue, 1998
Ammophila hevans Menke, 2004
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei Alfieri, 1946
Ammophila horni von Schulthess, 1927
Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila hurdi Menke, 1964
Ammophila iliensis Kazenas, 2001
Ammophila imitator Menke, 1966
Ammophila induta Kohl, 1901
Ammophila infesta F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila insignis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila insolata F. Smith, 1858
Ammophila instabilis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila juncea Cresson, 1865
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae Menke, 1964
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila koppenfelsii Taschenberg, 1880
Ammophila laeviceps F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila laevicollis Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila laevigata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila lampei Strand, 1910
Ammophila laticeps (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila lativalvis Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila leclercqi Menke, 1964
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila macra Cresson, 1865
Ammophila marshi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mcclayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mediata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila menghaiana Li and Ch. Yang, 1989
Ammophila meridionalis Kazenas, 1980
Ammophila mescalero Menke, 1966
Ammophila mimica Menke, 1966
Ammophila mitlaensis Alfieri, 1961
Ammophila modesta Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila moenkopi Menke, 1967
Ammophila monachi Menke, 1966
Ammophila mongolensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila murrayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila nancy Menke, 2007
Ammophila nasalis Provancher, 1895
Ammophila nasuta Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila nearctica Kohl, 1889
Ammophila nefertiti Menke, 1964
Ammophila nigricans Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila nitida Fischer de Waldheim, 1834
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila obscura Bischoff, 1912
Ammophila occipitalis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila pachythoracalis Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parkeri Menke, 1964
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila philomela Nurse, 1903
Ammophila picipes Cameron, 1888
Ammophila pictipennis Walsh, 1869
Ammophila pilimarginata Cameron, 1912
Ammophila placida F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila planicollaris Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila platensis Brèthes, 1909
Ammophila poecilocnemis Morice, 1900
Ammophila polita Cresson, 1865
Ammophila procera Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila producticollis Morice, 1900
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila pseudoheydeni Li and He, 2000
Ammophila pseudonasuta Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836
Ammophila pulawskii Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila punctata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti Guichard, 1988
Ammophila regina Menke, 1964
Ammophila roborovskyi Kohl, 1906
Ammophila rubigegen Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila rubiginosa Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila rubripes Spinola, 1839
Ammophila ruficollis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila ruficosta Spinola, 1851
Ammophila rufipes Guérin-Méneville, 1831
Ammophila rugicollis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sarekandana Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila sareptana Kohl, 1884
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila separanda F. Morawitz, 1891
Ammophila shoshone Menke, 1967
Ammophila sickmanni Kohl, 1901
Ammophila silvestris Kirkbride, 1982
Ammophila sinensis Sickmann, 1894
Ammophila sjoestedti Gussakovskij, 1934
Ammophila smithii F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila stangei Menke, 1964
Ammophila strenua Cresson, 1865
Ammophila striata Mocsáry, 1878
Ammophila strumosa Kohl, 1906
Ammophila subassimilis Strand, 1913
Ammophila tekkensis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila terminata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila touareg Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila tsunekii Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976
Ammophila tuberculiscutis Turner, 1919
Ammophila tyrannica Cameron, 1890
Ammophila unita Menke, 1966
Ammophila untumoris Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila urnaria Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila vagabunda F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila varipes Cresson, 1865
Ammophila vetuberosa Li and C. Yang in Li, Li and Yang, 1994
Ammophila vulcania du Buysson, 1897
Ammophila wahlbergi Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana Li and C. Yang, 1989
Ammophila zanthoptera Cameron, 1888

Referencias

↑ ^a ^b Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. «'Ammophila' (TSN 154323)» (en inglés).
↑ ^a ^b Peckham, George W, Peckham, Elizabeth G.; Wasps, Social and Solitary, Pub. Constable 1905
↑ Fabre, Jean-Henri; The wonders of instinct; Pub: Century, New York 1918
↑ Bugguide.net. Roosting male bees and wasps (Hymenoptera)
↑ Barbara J. Hager and Frank E. Kurczewski; Nesting Behavior of Ammophila harti (Fernald) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae); American Midland Naturalist Vol. 116, No. 1 (Jul., 1986); Pub: University of Notre Dame
↑ Howard Ensign Evans . Wasp Farm. Comstock Publishing, 1963. ISBN 0801493153

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Ammophila (insecto): Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

wikipedia ES tarafından sağlandı

Ammophila es el género tipo de la subfamilia Ammophilinae de avispas de la familia Sphecidae. Es un género numeroso y cosmopolita, con más de 200 especies. La mayoría se encuentran en las regiones templadas de todos los continentes, excepto la Antártida.

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Ammophila (insecte) ( Fransızca )

wikipedia FR tarafından sağlandı

Ammophila (les ammophiles, du grec « ammos », sable et « phileo », aimer, littéralement « qui aime le sable ») est un genre d'insectes ressemblant à des guêpes.

Sommaire

1 Caractéristiques
2 Liste des espèces
- 2.1 En Europe
- 2.2 Liste globale
3 Espèce reclassée
4 Notes et références
5 Liens externes

Caractéristiques

Elles sont parmi les rares hyménoptères utilisant des outils. Certaines espèces sont notamment connues pour leur particularité à utiliser un caillou tenu entre les mandibules pour damer le sol afin de fermer leur terrier^[1]; d'autres espèces effectuent cette opération à l'aide de leur tête^[2].

Liste des espèces

D'après ITIS, ce genre contient plus de deux cents espèces.

En Europe

Ammophila albotomentosa (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila campestris (Latreille, 1809)
Ammophila gracillima (Taschenberg, 1869)
Ammophila heydeni (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila hungarica (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila laevicollis (Ed. André, 1886)
Ammophila leclercqi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila modesta (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila nasuta (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila occipitalis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila pubescens (Curtis, 1836)
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sareptana (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila striata (Mocsáry, 1878)
Ammophila terminata (F. Smith, 1856)

Liste globale

Ammophila aberti (Haldeman, 1852)
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila aellos (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila afghanica (Balthasar, 1957)
Ammophila albotomentosa (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila altigena (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila aphrodite (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila apicalis (Guérin-Méneville, 1835)
Ammophila arabica (W.F. Kirby, 1900)
Ammophila ardens (F. Smith, 1868)
Ammophila areolata (Walker, 1871)
Ammophila argyrocephala (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila arnaudi (Tsuneki, 1976)
Ammophila arvensis (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila asiatica (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila assimilis (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila atripes (F. Smith, 1852)
Ammophila aucella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila aurifera (R. Turner, 1908)
Ammophila azteca (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila basalis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila bellula (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila boharti (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila bonaespei (Lepeletier, 1845)
Ammophila borealis (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila brevipennis (Bingham, 1897)
Ammophila californica (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris (Latreille, 1809)
Ammophila caprella (Arnold, 1951)
Ammophila cellularis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila centralis (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila clypeola (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila coachella (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila conditor (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila confusa (A. Costa, 1864)
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila coronata (A. Costa, 1864)
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele (Menke, 1970)
Ammophila dantoni (Roth in Nadig, 1933)
Ammophila dejecta (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila dentigera (Gussakovskij, 1928)
Ammophila deserticola (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila djaouak (de Beaumont, 1956)
Ammophila dolichocephala (Cameron, 1910)
Ammophila dolichodera (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila dubia (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila dysmica (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila elongata (Fischer de Waldheim, 1843)
Ammophila erminea (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila evansi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila exsecta (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila extremitata (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila eyrensis (R. Turner, 1908)
Ammophila femurrubra (W. Fox, 1894)
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferrugineipes (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila ferruginosa (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila filata (Walker, 1871)
Ammophila formicoides (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila formosensis (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila ganquana (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila gaumeri (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila globifrontalis (Li and Ch. Yang, 1995)
Ammophila gracilis (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila gracillima (Taschenberg, 1869)
Ammophila guichardi (de Beaumont, 1956)
Ammophila haimatosoma (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila hermosa (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila heteroclypeola (Li and Xue, 1998)
Ammophila hevans (Menke, 2004)
Ammophila heydeni (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei (Alfieri, 1946)
Ammophila horni (von Schulthess, 1927)
Ammophila hungarica (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila hurdi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila iliensis (Kazenas, 2001)
Ammophila imitator (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila induta (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila infesta (F. Smith, 1873)
Ammophila insignis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila insolata (F. Smith, 1858)
Ammophila instabilis (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila juncea (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila koppenfelsii (Taschenberg, 1880)
Ammophila laeviceps (F. Smith, 1873)
Ammophila laevicollis (Ed. André, 1886)
Ammophila laevigata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila lampei (Strand, 1910)
Ammophila laticeps (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila lativalvis (Gussakovskij, 1928)
Ammophila leclercqi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila macra (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila marshi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila mcclayi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila mediata (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila menghaiana (Li and Ch. Yang, 1989)
Ammophila meridionalis (Kazenas, 1980)
Ammophila mescalero (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mimica (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mitlaensis (Alfieri, 1961)
Ammophila modesta (Mocsáry, 1883)
Ammophila moenkopi (Menke, 1967)
Ammophila monachi (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila mongolensis (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila murrayi (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila nancy (Menke, 2007)
Ammophila nasalis (Provancher, 1895)
Ammophila nasuta (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila nearctica (Kohl, 1889)
Ammophila nefertiti (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila nigricans (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila nitida (Fischer de Waldheim, 1834)
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila obscura (Bischoff, 1912)
Ammophila occipitalis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila pachythoracalis (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parkeri (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila philomela (Nurse, 1903)
Ammophila picipes (Cameron, 1888)
Ammophila pictipennis (Walsh, 1869)
Ammophila pilimarginata (Cameron, 1912)
Ammophila placida (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila planicollaris (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila platensis (Brèthes, 1909)
Ammophila poecilocnemis (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila polita (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila procera (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila producticollis (Morice, 1900)
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila pseudoheydeni (Li and He, 2000)
Ammophila pseudonasuta (Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955)
Ammophila pubescens (Curtis, 1836)
Ammophila pulawskii (Tsuneki, 1971)
Ammophila punctata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti (Guichard, 1988)
Ammophila regina (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila roborovskyi (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila rubigegen (Li and C. Yang, 1990)
Ammophila rubiginosa (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila rubripes (Spinola, 1839)
Ammophila ruficollis (F. Morawitz, 1890)
Ammophila ruficosta (Spinola, 1851)
Ammophila rufipes (Guérin-Méneville, 1831)
Ammophila rugicollis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila sarekandana (Balthasar, 1957)
Ammophila sareptana (Kohl, 1884)
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila separanda (F. Morawitz, 1891)
Ammophila shoshone (Menke, 1967)
Ammophila sickmanni (Kohl, 1901)
Ammophila silvestris (Kirkbride, 1982)
Ammophila sinensis (Sickmann, 1894)
Ammophila sjoestedti (Gussakovskij, 1934)
Ammophila smithii (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila stangei (Menke, 1964)
Ammophila strenua (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila striata (Mocsáry, 1878)
Ammophila strumosa (Kohl, 1906)
Ammophila subassimilis (Strand, 1913)
Ammophila tekkensis (Gussakovskij, 1930)
Ammophila terminata (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila tsunekii (Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976)
Ammophila tuberculiscutis (Turner, 1919)
Ammophila tyrannica (Cameron, 1890)
Ammophila unita (Menke, 1966)
Ammophila untumoris (Yang and Li, 1989)
Ammophila urnaria (Dahlbom, 1843)
Ammophila varipes (Cresson, 1865)
Ammophila vetuberosa (Li and C. Yang in Li, Li and Yang, 1994)
Ammophila vulcania (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila wahlbergi (Dahlbom, 1845)
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana (Li and C. Yang, 1989)
Ammophila zanthoptera (Cameron, 1888)

Espèce reclassée

Podalonia hirsuta, décrite initialement comme Ammophila hirsuta (Scopoli, 1763)

Notes et références

↑ D. et M. Fremy, Quid 2005, Éditions Robert Laffont, 2005. Article Zoologie, p. 210. b.
↑ Michael Chinery, Insectes de France et d'Europe occidentale, Paris, Flammarion, août 2012, 320 p. (ISBN 978-2-08-201375-8), p. 238

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Ammophila (insecte): Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Ammophila (les ammophiles, du grec « ammos », sable et « phileo », aimer, littéralement « qui aime le sable ») est un genre d'insectes ressemblant à des guêpes.

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Ammophila (zoologia) ( İtalyanca )

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Ammophila (Kirby, 1798) è un genere di insetti apoidei appartenente alla famiglia Sphecidae.

Indice

1 Tassonomia
2 Note
3 Bibliografia
4 Altri progetti

Tassonomia

Il genere è formato da 214 specie^[1], di cui 6 presenti in Italia^[2]:

Ammophila campestris campestris
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1829
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammophila terminata Smith, 1856

Note

^ California Academy of Sciences, Genere Ammophila (PDF), su research.calacademy.org. URL consultato il 19 luglio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale l'8 agosto 2014).
^ Fabio Stoch, Family Sphecidae, in Checklist of the Italian fauna online version 2.0, 2003. URL consultato il 19 luglio 2014.

Bibliografia

Pagliano G. & Negrisolo E., Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, in Fauna d’Italia vol. XL, Bologna, Calderini, 2005.

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Ammophila (zoologia): Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

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Ammophila (Kirby, 1798) è un genere di insetti apoidei appartenente alla famiglia Sphecidae.

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Ammophila (vliesvleugeligen) ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Insecten

Ammophila is een geslacht van vliesvleugeligen uit de familie van de langsteelgraafwespen (Sphecidae).

Soorten

Ammophila aberti Haldeman, 1852
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha Kohl, 1901
Ammophila aellos Menke, 1966
Ammophila afghanica Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila albotomentosa Morice, 1900
Ammophila altigena Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila aphrodite Menke, 1964
Ammophila apicalis Guérin-Méneville, 1835
Ammophila arabica W.F. Kirby, 1900
Ammophila ardens F. Smith, 1868
Ammophila areolata Walker, 1871
Ammophila argyrocephala Arnold, 1951
Ammophila arnaudi Tsuneki, 1976
Ammophila arvensis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila asiatica Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila assimilis Kohl, 1901
Ammophila atripes F. Smith, 1852
Ammophila aucella Menke, 1966
Ammophila aurifera R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila azteca Cameron, 1888
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum Arnold, 1951
Ammophila basalis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella Menke, 1966
Ammophila bellula Menke, 1964
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila boharti Menke, 1964
Ammophila bonaespei Lepeletier, 1845
Ammophila borealis Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila brevipennis Bingham, 1897
Ammophila californica Menke, 1964
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809 (Kleine rupsendoder)
Ammophila caprella Arnold, 1951
Ammophila cellularis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila centralis Cameron, 1888
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964
Ammophila clypeola Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila coachella Menke, 1966
Ammophila conditor F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila confusa A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora Cameron, 1888
Ammophila coronata A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele Menke, 1970
Ammophila dantoni Roth in Nadig, 1933
Ammophila dejecta Cameron, 1888
Ammophila dentigera Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila deserticola Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila djaouak de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila dolichocephala Cameron, 1910
Ammophila dolichodera Kohl, 1884
Ammophila dubia Kohl, 1901
Ammophila dysmica Menke, 1966
Ammophila elongata Fischer de Waldheim, 1843
Ammophila erminea Kohl, 1901
Ammophila evansi Menke, 1964
Ammophila exsecta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila extremitata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila eyrensis R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila femurrubra W. Fox, 1894
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferrugineipes Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila ferruginosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila filata Walker, 1871
Ammophila formicoides Menke, 1964
Ammophila formosensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila ganquana Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila gaumeri Cameron, 1888
Ammophila globifrontalis Li and Ch. Yang, 1995
Ammophila gracilis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869
Ammophila guichardi de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila haimatosoma Kohl, 1884
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila hermosa Menke, 1966
Ammophila heteroclypeola Li and Xue, 1998
Ammophila hevans Menke, 2004
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei Alfieri, 1946
Ammophila horni von Schulthess, 1927
Ammophila hungarica Mocsary, 1883
Ammophila hurdi Menke, 1964
Ammophila iliensis Kazenas, 2001
Ammophila imitator Menke, 1966
Ammophila induta Kohl, 1901
Ammophila infesta F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila insignis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila insolata F. Smith, 1858
Ammophila instabilis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila juncea Cresson, 1865
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae Menke, 1964
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila koppenfelsii Taschenberg, 1880
Ammophila laeviceps F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila laevicollis Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila laevigata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila lampei Strand, 1910
Ammophila laticeps (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila lativalvis Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila leclercqi Menke, 1964
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila macra Cresson, 1865
Ammophila marshi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mcclayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mediata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila menghaiana Li and Ch. Yang, 1989
Ammophila meridionalis Kazenas, 1980
Ammophila mescalero Menke, 1966
Ammophila mimica Menke, 1966
Ammophila mitlaensis Alfieri, 1961
Ammophila modesta Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila moenkopi Menke, 1967
Ammophila monachi Menke, 1966
Ammophila mongolensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila murrayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila nancy Menke, 2007
Ammophila nasalis Provancher, 1895
Ammophila nasuta Lepeletier, 1845
Ammophila nearctica Kohl, 1889
Ammophila nefertiti Menke, 1964
Ammophila nigricans Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila nitida Fischer de Waldheim, 1834
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila obscura Bischoff, 1912
Ammophila occipitalis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila pachythoracalis Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parkeri Menke, 1964
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila philomela Nurse, 1903
Ammophila picipes Cameron, 1888
Ammophila pictipennis Walsh, 1869
Ammophila pilimarginata Cameron, 1912
Ammophila placida F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila planicollaris Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila platensis Brèthes, 1909
Ammophila poecilocnemis Morice, 1900
Ammophila polita Cresson, 1865
Ammophila procera Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila producticollis Morice, 1900
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila pseudoheydeni Li and He, 2000
Ammophila pseudonasuta Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836 (Behaarde rupsendoder)
Ammophila pulawskii Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila punctata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti Guichard, 1988
Ammophila regina Menke, 1964
Ammophila roborovskyi Kohl, 1906
Ammophila rubigegen Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila rubiginosa Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila rubripes Spinola, 1839
Ammophila ruficollis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila ruficosta Spinola, 1851
Ammophila rufipes Guérin-Méneville, 1831
Ammophila rugicollis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Grote Rupsendoder)
Ammophila sarekandana Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila sareptana Kohl, 1884
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila separanda F. Morawitz, 1891
Ammophila shoshone Menke, 1967
Ammophila sickmanni Kohl, 1901
Ammophila silvestris Kirkbride, 1982
Ammophila sinensis Sickmann, 1894
Ammophila sjoestedti Gussakovskij, 1934
Ammophila smithii F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila stangei Menke, 1964
Ammophila strenua Cresson, 1865
Ammophila striata Mocsáry, 1878
Ammophila strumosa Kohl, 1906
Ammophila subassimilis Strand, 1913
Ammophila tekkensis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila terminata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila tsunekii Bohart and Menke, 1976
Ammophila tuberculiscutis Turner, 1919
Ammophila tyrannica Cameron, 1890
Ammophila unita Menke, 1966
Ammophila untumoris Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila urnaria Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila varipes Cresson, 1865
Ammophila vetuberosa Li and C. Yang, 1994
Ammophila vulcania du Buysson, 1897
Ammophila wahlbergi Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana Li and C. Yang, 1989
Ammophila zanthoptera Cameron, 1888

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Ammophila (vliesvleugeligen): Brief Summary ( Felemenkçe; Flemish )

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Ammophila is een geslacht van vliesvleugeligen uit de familie van de langsteelgraafwespen (Sphecidae).

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Ammophila (zwierzęta) ( Lehçe )

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Ten artykuł dotyczy owadów. Zobacz też: Ammophila - rodzaj roślin.

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Ammophila heydeni

Szczerklina piaskowa z ofiarą

Ammophila procera

Ammophila ferrugineipes

Ammophila apicalis

Ammophila campestris

Ammophila heydeni

Szczerklina (Ammophila) – rodzaj błonkówek z rodziny grzebaczowatych.

Spis treści

1 Opis
2 Biologia
3 Systematyka
4 Przypisy

Opis

Samica o wewnętrznych brzegach oczu równoległych, samiec zaś o zbieżnych ku dołowi. Przedplecze z tyłu z wałeczkiem niesięgającym poziomu śródplecza. Srebrne omszenie pokrywa silnie oddalone od pokrywek skrzydłowych guzy barkowe oraz boki śródtułowia i pozatułowia. Na przednich skrzydłach obecne dwie komórki dyskoidalne i trzy kubitalne. Do drugiej kubitalnej uchodzą obie żyłki powrotne. Pierwszy tergit z przetchlinkami za środkiem długości; u samicy nieco tylko grubszy od sternitu na którego tył się nasuwa. Długość tergitu zbliżona do długości wolnej części pierwszego sternitu^[2].

Biologia

Szczerkliny polują na nagie gąsienice. Zakładają gniazda typu fajkowatego, w których komora lęgowa leży skośnie do osi chodnika. Sam chodnik jest natomiast ustawiony prostopadle do powierzchni otoczenia, czym różnią się gniazda szczerklin od gniazd pokrewnych piaśnic (Podalonia)^[2].

Systematyka

Należą tu gatunki^[1]:

Ammophila aberti Haldeman, 1852
Ammophila acuta (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila adelpha Kohl, 1901
Ammophila aellos Menke, 1966
Ammophila afghanica Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila albotomentosa Morice, 1900
Ammophila altigena Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila aphrodite Menke, 1964
Ammophila apicalis Guérin-Méneville, 1835
Ammophila arabica W.F. Kirby, 1900
Ammophila ardens F. Smith, 1868
Ammophila areolata Walker, 1871
Ammophila argyrocephala Arnold, 1951
Ammophila arnaudi Tsuneki, 1976
Ammophila arvensis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila asiatica Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila assimilis Kohl, 1901
Ammophila atripes F. Smith, 1852
Ammophila aucella Menke, 1966
Ammophila aurifera R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila azteca Cameron, 1888
Ammophila barbara (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845)
Ammophila barbarorum Arnold, 1951
Ammophila basalis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila bechuana (R. Turner, 1929)
Ammophila bella Menke, 1966
Ammophila bellula Menke, 1964
Ammophila beniniensis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1806)
Ammophila boharti Menke, 1964
Ammophila bonaespei Lepeletier, 1845
Ammophila borealis Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila braunsi (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila breviceps F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila brevipennis Bingham, 1897
Ammophila californica Menke, 1964
Ammophila calva (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809 – szczerklina polna
Ammophila caprella Arnold, 1951
Ammophila cellularis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila centralis Cameron, 1888
Ammophila clavus (Fabricius, 1775)
Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964
Ammophila clypeola Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila coachella Menke, 1966
Ammophila conditor F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila confusa A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila conifera (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila cora Cameron, 1888
Ammophila coronata A. Costa, 1864
Ammophila crassifemoralis (R. Turner, 1919)
Ammophila cybele Menke, 1970
Ammophila dantoni Roth in Nadig, 1933
Ammophila dejecta Cameron, 1888
Ammophila dentigera Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila deserticola Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila djaouak de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila dolichocephala Cameron, 1910
Ammophila dolichodera Kohl, 1884
Ammophila dubia Kohl, 1901
Ammophila dysmica Menke, 1966
Ammophila elongata Fischer de Waldheim, 1843
Ammophila erminea Kohl, 1901
Ammophila evansi Menke, 1964
Ammophila exsecta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila extremitata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila eyrensis R. Turner, 1908
Ammophila femurrubra W. Fox, 1894
Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila ferrugineipes Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila ferruginosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila filata Walker, 1871
Ammophila formicoides Menke, 1964
Ammophila formosensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila ganquana Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila gaumeri Cameron, 1888
Ammophila globifrontalis Li and Ch. Yang, 1995
Ammophila gracilis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869
Ammophila guichardi de Beaumont, 1956
Ammophila haimatosoma Kohl, 1884
Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)
Ammophila hemilauta Kohl, 1906
Ammophila hermosa Menke, 1966
Ammophila heteroclypeola Li and Xue, 1998
Ammophila hevans Menke, 2004
Ammophila heydeni Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila holosericea (Fabricius, 1793)
Ammophila honorei Alfieri, 1946
Ammophila horni von Schulthess, 1927
Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila hurdi Menke, 1964
Ammophila iliensis Kazenas, 2001
Ammophila imitator Menke, 1966
Ammophila induta Kohl, 1901
Ammophila infesta F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila insignis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila insolata F. Smith, 1858
Ammophila instabilis F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila juncea Cresson, 1865
Ammophila kalaharica (Arnold, 1935)
Ammophila karenae Menke, 1964
Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)
Ammophila koppenfelsii Taschenberg, 1880
Ammophila laeviceps F. Smith, 1873
Ammophila laevicollis Ed. André, 1886
Ammophila laevigata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila lampei Strand, 1910
Ammophila laticeps (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila lativalvis Gussakovskij, 1928
Ammophila leclercqi Menke, 1964
Ammophila leoparda (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila macra Cresson, 1865
Ammophila marshi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mcclayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila mediata Cresson, 1865
Ammophila menghaiana Li and Ch. Yang, 1989
Ammophila meridionalis Kazenas, 1980
Ammophila mescalero Menke, 1966
Ammophila mimica Menke, 1966
Ammophila mitlaensis Alfieri, 1961
Ammophila modesta Mocsáry, 1883
Ammophila moenkopi Menke, 1967
Ammophila monachi Menke, 1966
Ammophila mongolensis Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila murrayi Menke, 1964
Ammophila nancy Menke, 2007
Ammophila nasalis Provancher, 1895
Ammophila nasuta Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila nearctica Kohl, 1889
Ammophila nefertiti Menke, 1964
Ammophila nigricans Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila nitida Fischer de Waldheim, 1834
Ammophila novita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila obliquestriolae Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila obscura Bischoff, 1912
Ammophila occipitalis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila pachythoracalis Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila parapolita (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila parkeri Menke, 1964
Ammophila peckhami (Fernald, 1934)
Ammophila peringueyi (Arnold, 1928)
Ammophila philomela Nurse, 1903
Ammophila picipes Cameron, 1888
Ammophila pictipennis Walsh, 1869
Ammophila pilimarginata Cameron, 1912
Ammophila placida F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila planicollaris Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila platensis Brèthes, 1909
Ammophila poecilocnemis Morice, 1900
Ammophila polita Cresson, 1865
Ammophila procera Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila producticollis Morice, 1900
Ammophila proxima (F. Smith, 1856)
Ammophila pruinosa Cresson, 1865
Ammophila pseudoheydeni Li and He, 2000
Ammophila pseudonasuta Bytinski-Salz in de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1955
Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836 – szczerklina owłosiona
Ammophila pulawskii Tsuneki, 1971
Ammophila punctata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila punctaticeps (Arnold, 1920)
Ammophila punti Guichard, 1988
Ammophila regina Menke, 1964
Ammophila roborovskyi Kohl, 1906
Ammophila rubigegen Li and C. Yang, 1990
Ammophila rubiginosa Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Ammophila rubripes Spinola, 1839
Ammophila ruficollis F. Morawitz, 1890
Ammophila ruficosta Spinola, 1851
Ammophila rufipes Guérin-Méneville, 1831
Ammophila rugicollis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus, 1758) – szczerklina piaskowa
Ammophila sarekandana Balthasar, 1957
Ammophila sareptana Kohl, 1884
Ammophila saussurei (du Buysson, 1897)
Ammophila separanda F. Morawitz, 1891
Ammophila shoshone Menke, 1967
Ammophila sickmanni Kohl, 1901
Ammophila silvestris Kirkbride, 1982
Ammophila sinensis Sickmann, 1894
Ammophila sjoestedti Gussakovskij, 1934
Ammophila smithii F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila stangei Menke, 1964
Ammophila strenua Cresson, 1865
Ammophila striata Mocsáry, 1878
Ammophila strumosa Kohl, 1906
Ammophila subassimilis Strand, 1913
Ammophila tekkensis Gussakovskij, 1930
Ammophila terminata F. Smith, 1856
Ammophila tsunekii Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976
Ammophila tuberculiscutis Turner, 1919
Ammophila tyrannica Cameron, 1890
Ammophila unita Menke, 1966
Ammophila untumoris Yang and Li, 1989
Ammophila urnaria Dahlbom, 1843
Ammophila varipes Cresson, 1865
Ammophila vetuberosa Li and C. Yang in Li, Li and Yang, 1994
Ammophila vulcania du Buysson, 1897
Ammophila wahlbergi Dahlbom, 1845
Ammophila wrightii (Cresson, 1868)
Ammophila xinjiangana Li and C. Yang, 1989
Ammophila zanthoptera Cameron, 1888

Przypisy

↑ ^a ^b Ammophila, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
↑ ^a ^b Jan Noskiewicz, Wojciech Puławski: Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski. Część XXVI Błonkówki — Hymenoptera. Zeszyt 67. Grzebaczowate — Sphecidae. Polski Związek Entomologiczny, PWN, 1960.

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Ammophila (zwierzęta): Brief Summary ( Lehçe )

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Ammophila heydeni

Szczerklina piaskowa z ofiarą

Ammophila procera

Ammophila ferrugineipes

Ammophila apicalis

Ammophila campestris

Ammophila heydeni

Szczerklina (Ammophila) – rodzaj błonkówek z rodziny grzebaczowatych.

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Аммофилы ( Rusça )

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Латинское название Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798 Виды

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Систематика
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ITIS 154323 NCBI 95167

Аммофилы^[1] (лат. Ammophila от греч. ἄμμος — песок и ϕιλος — любовь) — род роющих ос (Sphecidae), включающий около 200 видов.

Содержание

1 Описание
2 Распространение
3 Систематика
4 Красная книга
5 Примечания
6 Литература
7 Ссылки

Описание

Длина тела 11—25 мм (чаще около 20 мм, у крупнейшего вида A. procera до 38 мм).^[2] Стройные тонкотелые осы с прозрачными перепончатыми крыльями. Первый тергит первого сегмента брюшка очень длинный, сжат с боков. Основание брюшка красное, последние сегменты — чёрные с голубым блеском. Охотятся на гусениц бабочек и других насекомых, которых парализуют, после чего переносят в гнездо, где кормят ими своих личинок. Гнездятся в почве.

Распространение

Умеренный пояс Северного полушария: Америка, Европа, Азия. В Неарктике 115 видов.^[3] Россия — более 10 видов, Белоруссия — 4 вида.^[4]

Систематика

Род относится к трибе Ammophilini André, 1886 (подсемейство Ammophilinae). Типовой вид Sphex sabulosa Linnaeus, 1758, обозначен Международной комиссией по зоологической номенклатуре (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1946: 571).