Calochortus nuttallii, que en anglès té el nom comú de sego lily, és una planta perenne bulbosa endèmica de l'Oest dels Estats Units.
És la flor estatal de Utah.[2]
És planta nativa de: Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Dakota del Nord, Dakota del Sud, Nebraska, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, i Nou Mèxic.[3]
Calochortus nuttallii fa uns 15–45 cm d'alt i té les fulles linears.[3]
Al Parc Nacional del Bosc Petrificat es troba fossilitzada una forma amb els pètals grocs.[4] Floreix a principi de l'estiu.[5][6]
Els amerindis com els Hopi, Havasupai, Navajo, Paiute, Gosiute, i Ute consumien cuits els seus bulbs, llavors i flors. Actualament és considerat un aliment de fam.[7][8][9] Els Hopi usaven les flors cerimonialment.
Es creu que els pioners mormons també consumien els bulbs com a darrer recurs si fallaven els seus cultius i que per això va ser designada oficialment flor estatal de Utah l'any 1911.[10]
Calochortus nuttallii es cultiva com planta ornamental.[11] Prefereix un sòl sorrenc i tolera les baixes temperatures.[12]
Calochortus nuttallii, que en anglès té el nom comú de sego lily, és una planta perenne bulbosa endèmica de l'Oest dels Estats Units.
És la flor estatal de Utah.
Calochortus nuttallii, also known as the sego lily, is a bulbous perennial plant that is endemic to the Western United States. It is the state flower of Utah.[2]
The plant is native to a number of western states, being found throughout Utah and Wyoming, large parts of eastern Nevada, and parts of Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.[3][4] It grows in dry, brushy or grassy slopes and desert high country.[5]
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Calochortus nuttallii are around 15–45 cm (6–18 inches) in height and have linear leaves.[3]
Plants have 1 to 4 flowers, each with 3 white petals (and 3 sepals) which are tinged with lilac (occasionally magenta) and have a purplish band radiating from the yellow base. A yellow petaled form with deep purple bands is known from Petrified Forest National Park.[6] The yellow petaled form was also observed in a "super bloom" near the Orange Cliffs District of Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, on the north side of the Colorado River near Hite, Utah in May 2019. The plant blooms in early summer, with flowers that can be up to 3 inches across.[7][8]
Calochortus nuttallii is a species within the genus Calochortus, in a sub-group generally referred to as Mariposa Lilies. The specific epithet nuttallii, named for the English botanist and zoologist, Thomas Nuttall, was ascribed to the species by the American botanists John Torrey and Asa Gray when it was officially described in 1857.[9]
A number of former varieties of Calochortus nuttallii have been reclassified as distinct species:
Native Americans had culinary uses for the bulbs, seeds, and flowers of the plant. Bulbs were roasted, boiled, or made into a porridge by the Hopi, Havasupai, Navajo, Southern Paiute, Gosiute, and Ute peoples.[11][12][13] The Hopi used the yellow flower ceremonially.
The Shoshone taught the Mormon pioneer immigrants to use the bulb for badly needed food. This resulted in the sego lily being formally designated as the Utah State Flower in 1911.[14][15] Sego is derived from the Shoshone word seego.[16] The sego lily was commemorated by the Sego Lily Dam, a flood-prevention infrastructure project in the shape of a giant sego lily, built in Sugar House Park in Salt Lake City in 2017.[17]
However, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service strongly cautions foragers that the many highly toxic plants commonly called deathcamas grow in the same habitat as Calochortus nuttallii and can be easily confused with it when flowers are not present.[18]
Calochortus nuttallii is cultivated as an ornamental plant for its attractive tulip-shaped flowers and to attract/support native pollinator species.[19] They are intollerant of excessive water, both in dormancy and while growing. To support healthy growth they need a well drained soil, but not excessively sandy with very little organic matter. In relatively dry climates sego lilies accept either part shade or full sun conditions.[20] Plants can be propagated from newly formed bulblets which take two years to flower.[21] In climates with more rainfall than its native habitat additional measures to protect the bulbs from rotting are critical. The writer Claude A. Barr found that 8 centimeters or more of gravel no more than 7.5 centimeters under the bulbs remedied this problem.[20]
Near Kolob Canyon in Zion National Park, Utah Calochortus nuttallii, also known as the sego lily, is a bulbous perennial plant that is endemic to the Western United States. It is the state flower of Utah.
Calochortus nuttallii est une plante de la famille des Liliaceae, originaire de l'ouest des États-Unis.
Cette plante se présente sous la forme d'une tige de 15 à 45 cm de hauteur, droite, peu garnie de feuilles. Ces feuilles sont longues, généralement de 5 à 10 cm, et très étroites, avec des bordures s'enroulant vers l'intérieur[1]. Les parties souterraines comportent un bulbe.
La floraison a lieu entre mai et juin. La tige porte de 1 à 4 fleurs généralement blanches en forme de cloche, de 2,5 à 5 cm de diamètre chacune. Ces fleurs peuvent être légèrement ou fortement teintées de rouge-violacé. Le calice comporte 3 sépales lancéolés, légèrement rayés de rouge du côté externe. Chaque sépale, côté interne, comporte à la base une zone jaunâtre marquée d'arcs de cercle brun-rouge. La corolle est composée de 3 pétales blancs, larges, en forme d'éventail, qui alternent avec les sépales[1]. Chaque pétale porte près de sa base un nectaire vert-jaune très visible, circulaire et précédé sur la base du pétale par une zone légèrement rayée de rouge. De l'autre côté, le nectaire est entourée de jaune vif, puis d'une ogive brune ou brun-rouge. L'androcée comprend 6 étamines jaunes.
Cette plante pousse sur les sols secs des plaines du sud-ouest des États-Unis, souvent au sein des associations végétales Artemisia tridentata ou Pinus-Juniperus.
Son aire de répartition s'étend, au nord, de l'est du Montana jusqu'à l'ouest du Dakota du Nord et vers le sud, de l'est de l'Idaho et du nord-ouest du Nebraska jusqu'au nord de l'Arizona et du Nouveau-Mexique.
Calochortus nuttallii est la fleur emblème de l'État de l'Utah. Le bulbe de cette plante fut consommé par les Amérindiens, mais aussi par les Mormons qui réservaient cette consommation pour les périodes de disette[1].
Calochortus nuttallii est une plante de la famille des Liliaceae, originaire de l'ouest des États-Unis.
Calochortus nuttallii là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Liliaceae. Loài này được Torr. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1852.[1]
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Bài viết liên quan đến Họ Loa kèn này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Calochortus nuttallii là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Liliaceae. Loài này được Torr. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1852.
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