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Alaska Bog Willow

Salix fuscescens Anderss.

Common Names

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More info for the term: bog

Alaska bog willow
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bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Description

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More info for the terms: bog, capsule, fruit, shrub

Alaska bog willow is a native, low-growing, much-branched, trailing
deciduous shrub 4 to 12 inches (10-30 cm) tall [18]. Male and female
flowers occur on separate plants in 0.75 to 1.5 inch (1.9-3.8 cm) long
catkins. The fruit is a two-valved capsule [2,13,18].
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution

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More info for the terms: bog, forest

Alaska bog willow occurs throughout most of the Alaskan boreal forest
except in the Aleutian Islands and the along the southeastern coast of
Alaska. Outside of Alaska, its range extends from the Yukon Territory
to the Hudson Bay [2,12,18]
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fire Ecology

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: bog, fire regime, seed

Information on Alaska bog willows's ability to sprout following fire is
lacking. It probably sprouts prolifically immediately after fire. Like
most willows, Alaska bog willow's wind-dispersed seed are probably
important in colonizing recently burned sites [6].


FIRE REGIMES :
Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this
species may occur by entering the species name in the FEIS home page under
"Find FIRE REGIMES".
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)

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More info for the term: phanerophyte

Phanerophyte
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bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat characteristics

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More info for the terms: bog, forest, tundra

Alaska bog willow commonly occurs in wet tundra, small bogs, swamps,
riverbanks, and in open black spruce (Picea mariana) muskegs throughout
most of the Alaskan boreal forest [2,18]. Frequent associates include
alder (Alder spp.), bog birch (Betula glandulosa), balsam popular
(Populus balsamifera), and numerous willows (Salix spp.) [3,7,13].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Cover Types

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This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

12 Black spruce
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Ecosystem

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This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

FRES11 Spruce - fir
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Plant Associations

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This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

K094 Conifer bog
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Immediate Effect of Fire

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More info for the term: top-kill

Low- to moderate-severity fires generally top-kill willows. Severe fire
can kill willows by completely removing soil organic layers and charring
the roots [19].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Importance to Livestock and Wildlife

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Willows (Salix spp.) are generally preferred food and building materials
for beaver [1]. Willow shoots, catkins, leaves, and buds are eaten by
numerous small mammals and birds [6].

Willows are a staple year-round food for moose. Moose browse on twigs
in winter and consume leaves and new shoots in summer [6].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form

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More info for the term: shrub

Shrub
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bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Occurrence in North America

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AK MB NT YT
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Other uses and values

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All willows produce salacin, which is closely related to aspirin.
Native Americans used various preparations of willows to treat
toothaches, bee stings, stomach aches, and diarrhea; they used the stems
for making baskets, bows, arrows, and fish and muskrat traps [8,12].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology

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More info for the term: bog

Alaska bog willow flowers in June; the fruits ripen in July [18].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Plant Response to Fire

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More info for the term: bog

Like most willows, Alaska bog willow probably sprouts vigorously after
fire [2,6]. Information regarding postfire establishment for Alaska bog
willow is lacking.
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Post-fire Regeneration

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More info for the terms: root crown, shrub

Small shrub, adventitious-bud root crown
Initial-offsite colonizer (off-site, initial community)
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regeneration Processes

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More info for the terms: bog, root crown, seed

Like all willows, Alaska bog willow's primary mode of reproduction is
sexual. It produces an abundance of small, lightweight seed. It
probably begins seed production at an early age (between 2 to 10 years).
At maturity the capsular fruits split open to release the minute downy
seeds that are dispersed by either wind or water [6,13].

Vegetative reproduction: Willows are prolific sprouters. Alaska bog
willow sprouts from from the root crown if aboveground stems are broken
or destroyed by cutting or fire [6].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Successional Status

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More info for the term: bog

Obligate Initial Community Species

Alaska bog willow is an early seral species. Like other willows it
probably becomes abundant after disturbances that open the canopy and
expose the mineral soil. It occurs in the early seral stages following
fire in black spruce stands [18].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Synonyms

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Salix arbutifolia Pall.
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy

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More info for the term: bog

The currently accepted scientific name for Alaska bog willow is Salix
fuscescens Anderss. [9]. There are no recognized subspecies, varieties,
or forms.
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Value for rehabilitation of disturbed sites

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More info for the terms: bog, reclamation, restoration

Willow stem cuttings are commonly planted for restoration of wildlife
habitat, streambank protection, and the reclamation of sites disturbed
by mining and construction [10,13]. Alaska bog willow is apparently
well adapted for these purposes [11,14].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Salix fuscescens

provided by wikipedia EN

Salix fuscescens is a species of flowering plant in the willow family known by the common name Alaska bog willow. It is native to northern North America, where it occurs throughout much of Alaska and across northern Canada.[1] It is also present in Eurasia.[2][3]

This plant is a squat deciduous shrub growing up to 30 cm (1 ft)[1] to 55 cm (1.8 ft) tall.[3] Sometimes it remains under 15 cm (6 in) high.[2] The species is dioecious, with male and female flowers occurring on separate individuals. The inflorescences are catkins up to 38 mm (1.5 in) long. The fruit is a two-valved capsule that releases tiny, downy seeds.[1]

This plant grows in spruce-fir ecosystems, such as coniferous bogs. It can be found on tundra, in swamps, and on riverbanks. It often occurs with many other species of willows.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Coladonato, Milo. 1993. Salix fuscescens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  2. ^ a b G.W. Argus, C.L. McJannet and M.J. Dallwitz (1999 onwards). Salix fuscescens. Salicaceae of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval.
  3. ^ a b Salix fuscescens. Flora of North America.

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Salix fuscescens: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Salix fuscescens is a species of flowering plant in the willow family known by the common name Alaska bog willow. It is native to northern North America, where it occurs throughout much of Alaska and across northern Canada. It is also present in Eurasia.

This plant is a squat deciduous shrub growing up to 30 cm (1 ft) to 55 cm (1.8 ft) tall. Sometimes it remains under 15 cm (6 in) high. The species is dioecious, with male and female flowers occurring on separate individuals. The inflorescences are catkins up to 38 mm (1.5 in) long. The fruit is a two-valved capsule that releases tiny, downy seeds.

This plant grows in spruce-fir ecosystems, such as coniferous bogs. It can be found on tundra, in swamps, and on riverbanks. It often occurs with many other species of willows.

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