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Cryphonectria Hypoviruses Group

Hypoviridae

Hypoviridae ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Hypoviridae és una família de virus fúngics que infecten fongs. La seva particularitat és no tenir càpside i no emetre virions. El virus mai deixa un hoste.

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Hypoviridae: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Hypoviridae és una família de virus fúngics que infecten fongs. La seva particularitat és no tenir càpside i no emetre virions. El virus mai deixa un hoste.

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Hypoviridae

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Hypovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hypoviridae.[1] Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus.[2] Infection reduces the virulence of its parasitic host, making it a hyperparasite useful for blight control.[1][3]

Species

The following species are recognized by the ICTV, all of which were found with Cryphonectria parasitica:[1][2]

There are numerous family members affecting other plant-pathogenic fungi not yet accepted into the ICTV nomenclature. A proposal reorganizes the family into three genera.[4] The informal family Fusariviridae is the sister group.[5]

Structure

The diameter is around 50–80 nm. Genomes are linear, around 9–13kb in length. The genome has 1 or 2 open reading frames, named OrfA (not always present) and OrfB.[1][3]

The genome contains no structural proteins. The virus accordingly does not bud out of the cell (see "life cycle" below). Both ORFs of CHV1 contain a papain-like protease to the N-terminal that is autocatalyticly cleaved. OrfA (p69, ) cleaves into the p29 C7 protease and a nonessential p40 protein. OrfB () cleaves into a p48 C8 protease and the RNA replicasehelicase. [3]

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host.[1][3]

CHV1 – Chestnut blight hypovirulence

Hypovirus CHV1 is the only hypovirus found in Europe up to 2000.[6] It is known for reducing the virulence of the fungus that causes chestnut blight (i.e. hypovirulence).[7] Cryphonectria parasitica, the ascomycete fungus, originated in Asia and causes the disease chestnut blight in several chestnut species (Castanea spp.). Although symptoms are mild in Asian chestnut species that have co-evolved with the fungus, they are very severe in the North American chestnut species C. dentata and also in the European sweet chestnut, C. sativa.[8] Hypovirus has been used for protection against chestnut blight in Europe since the 1970s.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Suzuki, N; Ghabrial, SA; Kim, KH; Pearson, M; Marzano, SL; Yaegashi, H; Xie, J; Guo, L; Kondo, H; Koloniuk, I; Hillman, BI; Ictv Report, Consortium (May 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (5): 615–616. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001055. PMID 29589826.
  2. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  4. ^ Torres-Trenas, Almudena; Cañizares, M. Carmen; García-Pedrajas, M. Dolores; Pérez-Artés, Encarnación (2020). "Molecular and Biological Characterization of the First Hypovirus Identified in Fusarium oxysporum". Frontiers in Microbiology. 10: 3131. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.03131. PMC 6992542. PMID 32038565.
  5. ^ "ICTV report: Hypoviridae". ictv.global. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
  6. ^ a b Peever, Tobin; Liu, Yir-Chung; Cortese, Paolo; Milgroom, Michael (November 2000). "Variation in Tolerance and Virulence in the Chestnut Blight Fungus-Hypovirus Interaction". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 66 (11): 4863–4869. Bibcode:2000ApEnM..66.4863P. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.504.6576. doi:10.1128/AEM.66.11.4863-4869.2000. PMC 92392. PMID 11055936. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  7. ^ Choi, Gil (1992). "Hypovirulence of Chestnut Blight Fungus Conferred by an Infectious Viral cDNA". Science. 257 (5071): 800–803. Bibcode:1992Sci...257..800C. doi:10.1126/science.1496400. PMID 1496400.
  8. ^ "Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)". Forestry Commission, UK. Retrieved 13 August 2014.

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Hypoviridae: Brief Summary

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Hypovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hypoviridae. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Infection reduces the virulence of its parasitic host, making it a hyperparasite useful for blight control.

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Hypoviridae ( French )

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Hypovirus est un genre de mycovirus, le seul de la famille des Hypoviridae. Comme pour tous les mycovirus, les champignons servent d'hôtes naturels aux virus de ce genre.

Espèces

Il existe actuellement quatre espèces de ce genre, y compris les espèces de type Cryphonectria hypovirus 1. Ces espèces permettent la réduction de la virulence (hypovirulence) du champignon-hôte.

Structure

Le diamètre est d'environ 50 à 80 nm. Les génomes sont linéaires, d'environ 9-13 kb de longueur. Le génome a 1 ou 2 cadres de lecture ouverts.

Cycle de vie

La réplication virale est cytoplasmique. La réplication suit le modèle de réplication du virus à ARN à double brin. La transcription du virus ARN à double brin est la méthode de transcription. Le virus sort de la cellule hôte par un mouvement de cellule à cellule. Les Fungi servent d'hôtes naturels.

CHV1 - hypovirulence au chancre du châtaignier

Le virus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) est le seul hypovirus trouvé en Europe jusqu'en 2000[3]. Il est connu pour réduire la virulence (hypovirulence) du champignon Cryphonectria parasitica qui cause le chancre du châtaignier[4]. Bien que les symptômes soient bénins chez les espèces de châtaigniers asiatiques qui ont co-évolué avec le champignon, ils sont très graves chez le châtaignier nord-américain (C. dentata) et aussi chez le châtaignier européen (C. sativa). Hypovirus a été utilisé en Europe pour la protection contre le chancre du châtaignier depuis les années 1970.

Notes et références

Référence biologique

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Hypoviridae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Hypovirus est un genre de mycovirus, le seul de la famille des Hypoviridae. Comme pour tous les mycovirus, les champignons servent d'hôtes naturels aux virus de ce genre.

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低毒性病毒科 ( Chinese )

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低毒性病毒科(Hypoviridae) 又譯作次毒(性)病毒科輕毒(性)病毒科,是雙璉RNA病毒中的一,該類病毒主要感染菌類。下有一:*次毒病毒屬(Hypovirus,又譯作低毒性病毒屬)

结构

直径50-80nm,病毒基因组呈线性,长度约为9000到13000个碱基对。[1]基因组含有1-2个开放阅读框低毒性病毒科是第一个被发现没有衣壳的病毒科系。[2]

种类 结构 对称性 衣壳 基因组 基因组节段 低毒性病毒 直径50-80nm 复合对称 无衣壳 线型,1-2个开放阅读框 单份

外部链接

Marburg virus.jpg 這是與病毒相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ Dolja, V. V.; Koonin, E. V. Capsid-Less RNA Viruses. ELS. 2012. ISBN 0470016175. doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0023269.
 title=
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维基百科作者和编辑

低毒性病毒科: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

低毒性病毒科(Hypoviridae) 又譯作次毒(性)病毒科或輕毒(性)病毒科,是雙璉RNA病毒中的一,該類病毒主要感染菌類。下有一:*次毒病毒屬(Hypovirus,又譯作低毒性病毒屬)

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维基百科作者和编辑