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Emory's Barrel Cactus

Ferocactus emoryi (Engelm.) Orcutt

Comments

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Ferocactus emoryi has a confused taxonomic history. The name is based on Echinocactus emoryi, which was published twice by Engelmann, each involving a different species. Engelmann’s first use of E. emoryi [in W. H. Emory]---applied to a population of Ferocactus wislizeni in eastern Arizona---is rejected as provisional and therefore invalid. However, Engelmann’s second use of E. emoryi was a valid publication, and it unambigously pertains to the species in southwestern Arizona that Britton and Rose unncecessarily re-named as Ferocactus covillei.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Stems erect, spheric to ovoid-cylindric, 30-90(-250) × 30-60(-100) cm; ribs (15-)21-32, shallowly notched immediately above each areole. Spines 6-10 per areole, reddish, reddish gray, or horn colored, all robust and rigid, more than 1 mm diam.; central spine 1, curved (hooked only on relatively young plants), annulate, thick, adaxially flat, 55-95(-130) × 2.5-4 mm. Flowers reddish outside, brilliant red inside, 6-7.5 × 5-7.5 cm; inner tepals brilliant red [yellow]; stigma lobes brilliant red. Fruits ± readily dehiscent through basal pore, bright yellow, 25-50 × 25-35 mm, leathery or fleshy, locule dry, hollow except for seeds. Seeds 2 mm, pitted. 2n = 22.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution

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Ariz.; Mexico (Sonora).
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering summer-early fall.
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bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Habitat

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Hillsides, wash margins, alluvial fans, mesas, or flats, gravelly rocky or sandy soils, rocky slopes and adjacent bajadas, Sonoran desert scrub, igneous substrates; 0-1200m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Synonym

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Echinocactus emoryi Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 275. 1856; Ferocactus covillei Britton & Rose
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 243, 244, 246 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Ferocactus emoryi ( German )

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Ferocactus emoryi subsp. rectispinus

Ferocactus emoryi ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Ferocactus in der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton emoryi ehrt den US-amerikanischen Major William Hemsley Emory (1811–1887), der von 1850 bis 1854 für die Vermessungsarbeiten an der mexikanischen Grenze verantwortlich war.[1] Englische Trivialnamen sind „Emory’s Barrel Kaktus“ und „Traveller’s Friend“.

Beschreibung

Ferocactus emoryi wächst einzeln mit kugelförmigen bis zylindrischen, hellgrünen bis glauk-grünen Trieben und erreicht bei Durchmessern von 1 Meter Wuchshöhen von bis zu 2,5 Meter. Es sind 15 bis 30, manchmal auch mehr, Rippen vorhanden, die im jugendlichen Stadium deutlich gehöckert sind. Die Dornen sind weißlich bis rötlich gefärbt. Der einzelne, sehr kräftige Mitteldorn ist abgeflacht, gerade, gebogen oder hakig und wird 4 bis 10 Zentimeter lang. Die sieben bis neun Randdornen erreichen eine Länge von bis zu 6 Zentimeter.

Die breit trichterförmigen Blüten sind mahagonifarben, rot, rot mit gelb oder gelb. Sie erreichen eine Länge von bis zu 7,5 Zentimeter und weisen Durchmesser von 5 bis 7 Zentimeter auf. Die verkehrt eiförmigen bis länglichen Früchte sind bis 5 Zentimeter lang und reißen nicht mit einer basalen Pore auf.

Verbreitung, Systematik und Gefährdung

Ferocactus emoryi ist in den Vereinigten Staaten im Bundesstaat Arizona sowie in den mexikanischen Bundesstaaten Sonora, Sinaloa und Baja California Sur verbreitet.

Die Erstbeschreibung als Echinocactus emoryi erfolgte 1848 durch George Engelmann.[2] Charles Russell Orcutt stellte die Art 1926 in die Gattung Ferocactus.[3]

Es werden die folgenden Unterarten unterschieden:[4]

  • Ferocactus emoryi subsp. emoryi
  • Ferocactus emoryi subsp. covillei (Britton & Rose) D.R.Hunt & Dimmitt
  • Ferocactus emoryi subsp. rectispinus (Engelm. ex J.M.Coulter) N.P.Taylor

In der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN wird die Art als „Least Concern (LC)“, d. h. als nicht gefährdet geführt.[5]

Nutzung

Von den Seri wird Ferocactus emoryi medizinisch genutzt. Junge Dornen verwenden sie zur Herstellung von Gesichtsfarben.

Nachweise

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3, S. 76.
  2. In: W. H. Emory: Notes of a Military Reconnoissance, from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California, including Part of Arkansas, de Norte, and Gila Rivers. 1848, S. 156 (online).
  3. Cactography. 1926, S. 5.
  4. Nadja Korotkova, David Aquino, Salvador Arias, Urs Eggli, Alan Franck, Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa, Pablo C. Guerrero, Héctor M. Hernández, Andreas Kohlbecker, Matias Köhler, Katja Luther, Lucas C. Majure, Andreas Müller, Detlev Metzing, Reto Nyffeler, Daniel Sánchez, Boris Schlumpberger, Walter G. Berendsohn: Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family – Electronic supplement. In: Willdenowia. Band 51, Nr. 2, 2021, S. 138 (doi:10.3372/wi.51.51208).
  5. Ferocactus emoryi in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2020-3. Eingestellt von: Burquez Montijo, A., 2010. Abgerufen am 7. März 2021.

Weblinks

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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Ferocactus emoryi subsp. rectispinus

Ferocactus emoryi ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Ferocactus in der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton emoryi ehrt den US-amerikanischen Major William Hemsley Emory (1811–1887), der von 1850 bis 1854 für die Vermessungsarbeiten an der mexikanischen Grenze verantwortlich war. Englische Trivialnamen sind „Emory’s Barrel Kaktus“ und „Traveller’s Friend“.

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Емориев кактус ( Macedonian )

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Емориевиот кактус (Ferocactus emoryi) е бурест кактус од видов на ферокактуси.

Опис

Емориевиот кактус е сферичен или цилиндричен кактус, налик на буренце. Кактусот е светлозеленкаст и достигнува дијаментар од 60 до 110 см, а висина од 2 до 2,5 метри. Кактусот има од 15 до 30 ребренца со туберкули, особено кај помладите единки. Централната боцка е многу долга, достигнува должина од 4 до 10 цм. Околу нема има од седум до дванаесет боцки кои достигнуваат должина и до 5 см. Големите и инкестите цветови се вообичаено црвени или жолти, достигнуваат должина од до 7,5 см и дијаметар од 5 до 7 см. Плодот е овален и долг 5 см.

Распространетост

Овој вид може да се најде во природата во Мексико и САД, поточно во Аризона.

Живеалиште

Емориевиот кактус расте во пустински предели со ниски грмушки, карпески падини и каменести и карпести предели. Кактусот може да расте на надморска висина до 1200 метри.

Подвидови

  • Ferocactus emoryi var. emoryi
  • Ferocactus emoryi var. rectispinus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor

Наводи

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Емориев кактус: Brief Summary ( Macedonian )

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Емориевиот кактус (Ferocactus emoryi) е бурест кактус од видов на ферокактуси.

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Ferocactus emoryi

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Ferocactus emoryi, known commonly as Emory's barrel cactus, Coville's barrel cactus and traveler's friend, is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus.

Description

This specimen in the Brooklyn Botanic Garden is labeled "Fishhook Cactus"

Ferocactus emoryi is spherical or cylindrical solitary barrel cactus, light green to glaucous, reaching a diameter of 60–100 centimetres (24–39 in) and a height of 2–2.5 metres (6 ft 7 in – 8 ft 2 in). It has 15 to 30 ribs with tubercles, especially in the juvenile stage. The spines are white to reddish. The central spine is very strong, 4–10 cm long, while the seven to twelve radial spines reach lengths of up to 6 cm. The large and funnel-shaped flowers are usually red or yellow, reach lengths of up to 7.5 centimeters and have a diameter of 5 to 7 centimeters. The fruit is ovoidal, about 5 cm long. The subspecies F.e. rectispinus has been found with center spines as much as ten inches (25 centimeters) in length [1] or even thirteen inches (32 centimeters) .[2] These are the longest spines of any cactus.

Distribution

This species is found in nature in Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa and Baja California Sur) and in the United States (Arizona).

Habitat

Ferocactus emoryi grows in the desert scrubs, hillsides, rocky slopes and gravely rocky or sandy soils, at an elevation of about 0–1,200 metres (0–3,937 ft) above sea level.

Subspecies

  • Ferocactus emoryi var. emoryi
  • Ferocactus emoryi var. rectispinus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor

References

  1. ^ Lindsay, George (March–April 1976). "Baja California Revisited - Part II". Cactus and Succulent Journal. 48 (2): 57.
  2. ^ coulter, Dr. John M. (1896). "Preliminary Revision of North American species of Echinocactus, Cereus and Opuntia". Contrib. U.S. National Herbarium. 3: 362.

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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary

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Ferocactus emoryi, known commonly as Emory's barrel cactus, Coville's barrel cactus and traveler's friend, is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus.

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Ferocactus emoryi ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Ferocactus emoryi es una especie de la familia de las cactáceas. Es originaria de México.

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Detalle de las areolas
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Vista de la planta

Descripción

Se trata de una planta que crece solitaria con el tallo esférico o cilíndrico, de color verde claro a glauco y alcanza un diámetro de 1 metro y una altura de hasta 2,5 metros. Tiene 15 a 30 costillas con tubérculos que se encuentran claramente en la etapa juvenil. Las espinas son de color blanco a rojizo. La única espina central es muy fuerte, aplanada, recta, curva o ganchuda y de 4-10 cm de largo. Las siete a nueve espinas radiales alcanzan una longitud de hasta 6 cm. Las flores son amplias en forma de embudo y de caoba, rojo, amarillo o rojo con amarillo. Alcanzan una longitud de hasta 7,5 centímetros y tienen un diámetro de 5 a 7 centímetros. El fruto es ovoide de 5 cm de largo.

Distribución

Ferocactus emoryi se encuentra en Estados Unidos en el Estado de Arizona, y los estados mexicanos de Sonora, Sinaloa y Baja California Sur.

Taxonomía

Ferocactus emoryi fue descrita por (Engelm.) Orcutt y publicado en Cactography 1926(1): 5, en el año 1926.[1]

Etimología

Ferocactus: nombre genérico que deriva del adjetivo latíno "ferus" = "salvaje" , "indómito" y "cactus", para referirse a las fuertes espinas de algunas especies.

emoryi epíteto otorgado en honor del botánico William Hemsley Emory.[2]

Variedades
Sinonimia
  • Echinocactus emoryi
  • Ferocactus rectispinus
  • Echinocactus covillei (Britton & Rose) A.Berger
  • Ferocactus covillei Britton & Rose[3][4][5]

Referencias

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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Ferocactus emoryi es una especie de la familia de las cactáceas. Es originaria de México.

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Ferocactus emoryi ( French )

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Ferocactus emoryi est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Cactaceae.

Liste des variétés et sous-espèces

Selon Catalogue of Life (22 septembre 2019)[3] :

  • sous-espèce Ferocactus emoryi subsp. covillei (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt & Dimmitt
  • sous-espèce Ferocactus emoryi subsp. emoryi
  • sous-espèce Ferocactus emoryi subsp. rectispinus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor

Selon Tropicos (22 septembre 2019)[4] (Attention liste brute contenant possiblement des synonymes) :

  • sous-espèce Ferocactus emoryi subsp. emoryi
  • sous-espèce Ferocactus emoryi subsp. rectispinus (Engelm. ex J.M. Coult.) N.P. Taylor
  • variété Ferocactus emoryi var. rectispinus N.P. Taylor

Notes et références

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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary ( French )

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Ferocactus emoryi est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Cactaceae.

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Ferocactus emoryi ( Polish )

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Ferocactus emoryi – jeden z gatunków ferokaktusa pochodzący z Meksyku i USA.

Morfologia i biologia

Jest duży, początkowo kulisty lecz z czasem walcowaty. Osiąga 1,5 m wysokości i 60 cm średnicy. Ma po 30-32 żeber z dużymi, brązowymi, wełnistymi areolami, osadzonymi co 2-3 cm. Z każdej wyrasta po 5-8 białych lub czerwonych cierni bocznych, długości do 6 cm i jeden płaski, haczykowaty cierń środkowy, długości do 8 cm. Kaktus kwitnie latem, jego kwiaty są dzienne. Wyrastają na wierzchołku rośliny, są żółte lub czerwonożółte.

Uprawa

Sukulent wymaga pełnego nasłonecznienia i temp. min. 10 °C.

Przypisy

  1. Stevens P.F.: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (ang.). 2001–. [dostęp 2010-05-07].

Bibliografia

  1. Innes Clive, Charles Glass: Ilustrowana encyklopedia kaktusów. Wyd. Elipsa, 2006.
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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Ferocactus emoryi – jeden z gatunków ferokaktusa pochodzący z Meksyku i USA.

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Ferocactus emoryi ( Vietnamese )

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Ferocactus emoryi là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được (Engelm.) Orcutt mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1926.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Ferocactus emoryi. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 8 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ xương rồng Cactoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Ferocactus emoryi: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Ferocactus emoryi là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được (Engelm.) Orcutt mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1926.

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