Pteria penguin, commonly known as the penguin's wing oyster, is a species of marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae, the pearl oysters. It is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific region and is used for the production of cultured pearls. The generic name comes from Greek πτερον (pteron) meaning wing.
Pteria penguin is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from the East African coast and the Red Sea to India, southern China, southern Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia and northern Australia. It is found attached by its byssal threads to a number of different substrates, rocks and corals (especially to Gorgonacea), at intertidal depths of less than 35 m (115 ft).[2][3]
Pteria penguin can reach a common shell length of about 20 cm (7.9 in), with a maximum length of 30 cm (12 in).[3] The shells of this rather large species are solid and ovate. The posterior ear develops a narrow, elongated, wing-like expansion. The left valve is more inflated than the right one. The outside color of the shell ranges from dark brown to black, while the interior is nacreous silvery, a wide non-nacreous glossy black margin[3]
As well as most of the species of the class Bivalvia, these wing oysters are gonochoric. Embryos of this species at first develop into a free-swimming planktonic marine larva, then followed by a veliger, quite similar to a small clam. [3]
Wild oysters of this species seldom contain pearls. When they do, they tend to be irregular in shape and have the same range of pinkish hues that are typical of the nacre lining the shells. The maximum diameter of the pearls is about 13 mm (0.5 in). Because the shell valves of this species are so thin, it was beyond the competence of nineteenth century oyster culturists to use it for pearl production.[2]
With modern techniques, seeding has become easier and Pteria penguin has joined Pteria sterna, another member of the genus Pteria, as being a major producer of cultured pearls. Most of the pearls produced by Pteria penguin are "mabé pearls", also known as bubble or half pearls, formed between the mantle and the shell valve and having one flattened side. The production of round pearls is possible but requires more advanced techniques in seeding. Naturally occurring spat can be collected on spat collectors for growing on into mature oysters, and there are some hatcheries producing spat on a commercial scale. These oysters are cultured on the Ryukyu Islands, along the southern coast of China, on Phuket Island in Thailand and on Vava'u in Tonga.[4]
Intetrior valve with pearls
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Museum specimens
Two specimens live
{{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help) Pteria penguin, commonly known as the penguin's wing oyster, is a species of marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae, the pearl oysters. It is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific region and is used for the production of cultured pearls. The generic name comes from Greek πτερον (pteron) meaning wing.
Pteria penguin is een tweekleppigensoort uit de familie van de Pteriidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1798 door Röding.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Trai lưỡi búa hay trai cánh đen (Danh pháp khoa học: Pteria penguin) là một loài trai biển trong họ Pteriidae. Vỏ của chúng có hình lưỡi búa màu đen tuyền.
Trai cánh đen có kích thước trưởng thành khá lớn, chiều cao vỏ đạt 25 – 30 cm, nặng 1.500 - 2.000 g/con. Tơ chân rất lớn bám chắc vào các vật rắn trong nước biển. Chúng phân bố ở nhiều thủy vực ven biển trong nước, từ Hạ Long đến Thanh Hóa, Nghệ An, nơi có độ mặn khá cao 29 - 30%o, ở độ sâu 5 – 10 m, tương đối xa bờ, ít thấy phân bố ở vùng gần bờ. Ở Việt Nam hiện nay, số lượng trai cánh đen ngoài tự nhiên không còn nhiều và được đưa vào danh mục các loài cần được bảo vệ.
Bài viết liên quan đến thân mềm hai mảnh vỏ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Trai lưỡi búa hay trai cánh đen (Danh pháp khoa học: Pteria penguin) là một loài trai biển trong họ Pteriidae. Vỏ của chúng có hình lưỡi búa màu đen tuyền.
企鹅珠母贝（学名：Pteria penguin，台湾称企鵝鶯蛤），是莺蛤目莺蛤科莺蛤属的一种。主要分布于印度尼西亚、中国大陆、台湾，常见于浅海岩礁区、潮下带较深的水域，以足丝附着于岩石、珊瑚礁或贝壳上。[1]
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