Phyllidiopsis is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs and is the largest genus within the family Phyllidiidae.[1]
Description
The species in this genus differ from the other genera in this family by possessing an elongate foregut and fused oral tentacles.[2]
Phyllidiopsis krempfi - underside of head showing fused oral tentacles
Distribution
These nudibranchs can be found in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, the eastern Pacific region, in the Red Sea, in the Caribbean Sea and a few in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. About half of the described species can be found in deep waters. Among these deep-water sea slugs, there is a group of white species, lacking all contrasting colors.[3][4]
Species
There are presently about 30 species in the genus Phyllidiopsis including :[1]
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Phyllidiopsis annae Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis anomala Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis bayi (Bouchet, 1983)
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Phyllidiopsis berghi Vayssière, 1902 [6]
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Phyllidiopsis blanca Gosliner & Behrens, 1988 [7]
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Phyllidiopsis boucheti Valdes & Ortea, 1996
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Phyllidiopsis brunckhorsti Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis burni Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis cardinalis Bergh, 1876 : type species of the genus Phyllidiopsis
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Phyllidiopsis circularis Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis crucifera Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis dautzenbergi (Vayssière, 1912)[8]
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Phyllidiopsis fissurata Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis futunai Valdés, 2001[3]
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Phyllidiopsis gemmata Pruvot-Fol, 1957[9]
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Phyllidiopsis holothuriana Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis krempfi Pruvot-Fol, 1957[9]
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Phyllidiopsis loricata (Bergh, 1873)
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Phyllidiopsis lozoueti Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis macrotuberculata Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis monacha (Yonow, 1986)
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Phyllidiopsis neocaledonica Valdés, 2001 [3]
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Phyllidiopsis phiphiensis Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis pipeki Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis quadrilineata (Bergh, 1905)
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Phyllidiopsis richeri Valdés, 2001[3]
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Phyllidiopsis shireenae Brunckhorst, 1990 [10]
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Phyllidiopsis sinaiensis (Yonow, 1988)[11]
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Phyllidiopsis sphingis Brunckhorst, 1993[5]
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Phyllidiopsis vanuatuensis Valdés, 2001[3]
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Phyllidiopsis xishaensis (Lin, 1983)
- Species brought into synonymy
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Phyllidiopsis carinata Eliot, 1910 : synonym of Phyllidia ocellata Cuvier, 1804
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Phyllidiopsis fissuratus Brunckhorst, 1993: synonym of Phyllidiopsis fissurata Brunckhorst, 1993 (incorrect gender agreement of specific epithet)
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Phyllidiopsis gynenopla Bouchet, 1977: synonym of Phyllidiopsis berghi Vayssière, 1902
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Phyllidiopsis molaensis Meyer, 1977 accepted as Phyllidiella molaensis (Meyer, 1977) (original combination)
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Phyllidiopsis papilligera Bergh, 1890: synonym of Ceratophyllidia papilligera (Bergh, 1890)
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Phyllidiopsis striata Bergh, 1888: synonym of Phyllidiella striata (Bergh, 1890)
A maximum-parsimony analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16S mtDNA gene, performed in 2003, has shown that the genus Phyllidiopsis is paraphyletic.[12]
References
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^ a b Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2012). Phyllidiopsis. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2012-06-07.
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^ Brunckhorst D.J. (1993) The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records of the Australian Museum suppl. 16: 1-108. page(s): 18
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^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Valdés, A. (2001). "185". Deep-water phyllidiid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Phyllidiidae) from the tropical south-west Pacific Ocean. in : P. Bouchet & B. A. Marshall (eds.), Tropical deep-sea benthos, volume 22. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 22. pp. 331–368.
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^ Valdés. Á. ( 2001). Depth-related adaptations, speciation processes and evolution of color in the genus Phyllidiopsis (Mollusca : Nudibranchia). Marine Biology 139(3):485-496.
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^ a b c d e f Brunckhorst, D. J. (1993). The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement 16:1-107, pls. 1-9.
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^ Vayssière, A. J. B. M. (1902). Opisthobranches. In: Expéditions scientifiques du “Travailleur” et du “Talisman” pendant les années 1880-1881-1882-1883, pp. 221–270, pls. 9-11. Ouvrage publié sous les auspices du ministére de l'instruction publique. ; p. 237
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^ Gosliner, T. M., & D. W. Behrens, (1988). A review of the generic divisions within the Phyllidiidae with the description of a new species of Phyllidiopsis (Nudibranchia, Phyllidiidae) from the Pacific coast of North America. Veliger 30(3):305-314. ; p. 312
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^ Vayssière, A., 1912. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les Opisthobranches de la Mer Rouge et du Golfe d'Aden. Part 2. Annales du Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Marseilles, Supplement 20: 5-157.
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^ a b Pruvot-Fol, A. (1957). Révision de la famille des Phyllidiadae. IIe Partie. Journal de Conchyliologie 97:104-135, pl. 1. ; p. 115
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^ Brunckhorst, D.J. (1990). "Description of a new species of Phyllidiopsis Bergh (Nudibranchia: Doridoidea: Phyllidiidae) from the tropical Western Pacific, with comments on the Atlantic species". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 56 (4): 577–584. doi:10.1093/mollus/56.4.577. ISSN 1464-3766.
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^ Fahrner, A.; M. Schrödl (2000). "Redescription of Phyllidiopsis sinaiensis (Yonow, 1988) (Nudibranchia: Doridoidea: Phyllidiidae), with a review of the Red Sea Phyllidiidae". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 66 (4): 467–476. doi:10.1093/mollus/66.4.467. ISSN 1464-3766.
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^ Valdés, Angel (2003). "Preliminary molecular phylogeny of the radula-less Dorids (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), based on 16S MTDNA sequence data". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 69 (1): 75–80. doi:10.1093/mollus/69.1.75. ISSN 1464-3766.
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