Pedinellales

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum Series of final stage of a binary fission. Sample from seaweed meadows from Bodden, the brackish waters lying between the isles of Hiddensee and Ruegen (German Baltic Sea). Sampling date 10/2007. The image was built up using several photomicrographic frames with manual stacking technique. Images were taken using Zeiss Standard with Olympus C7070 CCD camera. Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND). Place name: Hiddensee Bodden (Germany) Latitude: 54.582633 Longitude: 13.115051 Serie von Endstadium einer Zellteilung. Probe aus den Seegraswiesen im Hiddenseer Bodden. Datum der Aufsammlung: 10/2007. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Standard, Kamera: Olympus C7070 WZ. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum Synonym: Ciliophrys marina.Cells in heliozoic state usually has one flagellum and numerous axopods. This specimen is starting with binary fission, the flagellum has already been duplicated. The scale bar indicates 25 µm. Collected from Bodden, the brackish waters lying between the isles of Hiddensee and Ruegen (German Baltic Sea). Images were taken using Zeiss Universal with Olympus C7070 CCD camera. Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Hiddensee Bodden (Germany) Latitude: 54.582633 Longitude: 13.115051 Synonym: Ciliophrys marina.Zellen im Sonnentierchen-Zustand haben in der Regel ein Flagellum und zahlreiche Axopodien. Dieses Exemplar ist bei der Teilung, sie hat die Geißel bereits dupliziert. Der Messbalken markiert eine Länge von 25 µm. Probe aus dem Hiddenseer Bodden, der Brackwasserfläche zwischen den Inseln Hiddensee und Rügen. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Universal, Kamera: Olympus C7070. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum The specimen was gathered in the pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany). Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg, Germany.Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Canon DSLR Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Pond Birkensee near Rödelsee (Lower Franconia, Germany) Latitude: 49.71819841 Longitude: 10.27807474 Probe aus dem Birkensee bei Rödelsee (Unterfranken). Datum der Aufsammlung: 7/2018. Copyright Dr. Rainer Meisch, Würzburg. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Canon DSLR. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ciliophrys infusionum Scale bar indicates 50 µm. Sample from wetland Lauchseemoor, Fieberbrunn, Tyrol, Austria. Sampling date 06/2023. The image was built up using several photomicrographic frames with manual stacking technique. Images were taken using Zeiss Axioplan with Olympus OM-D M5 MKII. Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). Place name: Wetland Lauchseemoor, Fieberbrunn (Tyrol, Austria) Latitude: 47.46954439 Longitude: 12.53826499 Multiebenen-Abbildung, manuell gestapelt. Der Messbalken markiert eine Länge von 50 µm. Probe aus dem Lauchseemoor bei Fieberbrunn, Tirol. Datum der Aufsammlung: 06/2023. Mikrotechnik: Zeiss Axioplan, Kamera: Olympus OM-D M5 MKII. Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA). For permission to use of (high-resolution) images please contact postmaster@protisten.de.

Ribadelago de Franco, Castille and Leon, Spain

Ribadelago de Franco, Castilla y Len, Espaa

Pedinella hexacostata Vysotsky, 1888. Cells contain six chloroplasts arranged in a row around the equator of the cell.

Pseudopedinella (sue-dough-pea-don-ell-a) a dictyochophyte and pedinellid (stramenochrome) alga, related to the silica flagellates. This cell viewed from the apex and shows the 6 plastids forming a ring. This cell viewed from the side. Phase contrast microscopy. data on this strain.

Pseudopedinella (sue-dough-pea-don-ell-a) a dictyochophyte and pedinellid (stramenochrome) alga, related to the silica flagellates. This cell viewed from the apex and shows the 6 plastids forming a ring. To a paid-up member of the NRA, this resembles six bullets in the cylinder of a revolver. This cell viewed from the apex. Phase contrast microscopy. data on this strain.

Pseudopedinella pyriformis Carter, 1937. Cells are 5-8 microns long, and at anterior end 4-9 microns wide and at posterior end 3-6.5 microns wide with 6 chloroplasts. Flagellum 3-5 times longer than the cell. . Green flagellate

Pseudopedinella elastica Skuja, 1948. Cells are 14-17 m long, 13-14 m wide with chloroplasts. Flagellum about 3-6 times cell length. Green

Apedinella radians (Lohmann) Campell. Cells are apple-shaped (7-10.5 microns wide, 6-9.5 microns long) with a single flagellum bearing mastigonemes emerging from an apical pit. Cells are radially symmetrical with six peripheral chloroplasts, each with a prominent pyrenoid on the innerside. The nucleus occupies a central position in the cell and is roughly spherical. Mitochondrial profiles run longitudinally through the cell between the chloroplasts, coalescing anteriorly to form one large mitochondrial reticulum which encircles the apical pit. In the anterior region of the cell the mitochondrial reticulum is closely associated with the filamentous cytoskeleton. A single dictyosome is located at the posterior region of the cell. The cells have two scale types: ovoid body scales and elongate spine-scales. The ovoid scales are of two size classes (0.6-0.8 x 0.4-0.5 microns and 1.5-2 x 1.1-1.3 microns) and cover the entire cell. Cells also bear six slender spine-scales, (9-13 microns long) which, according to Throndsen, are cellulosic. The spine-scales are evenly distributed around the lateral circumference and have their attachment points between the chloroplasts just anterior to the equator of the cell. Each spine-scale has a triangular base bearing a long tapering spine. The proximal side is concave with a central evagination at the base to which is attached an extracellular striated fibrous connector or micro ligament. The other two points of the triangular base appear to rest on the cell surface, that is, the covering of ovoid body scales. The microligament attaches the spine-scale to the plasma membrane. Plaques are located beneath the areas where the micro ligaments contact the plasma membrane. Each plaque consists of two discrete electron dense plates, the innermost being the thinnest, and has the following dimensions: height 0.25 microns, length 0.39 microns, width 0.07 microns The distal face of each plaque is somewhat concave following the contours of the plasma membrane.

Actinomonas (act-in-o-moan-ass) is a colourless pedinellid, single anterior flagellum surrounded by a wreath of (12) arms, two of which can be seen to either side of the flagellum. Often with additional arms extending from other parts of the body. Not rare. very (very) similar to Pteridomonas. Flagellum photographically frozen in sine-wave beat pattern that is typical of stramenopiles. Phase contrast.

Actinomonas (act-in-o-moan-ass) is one of the pedinellid stramenopiles, a small flagellate with an apical flagellum (upper) and stalk (lower). Usually with a number of fine arms around the flagellum. These arms intercept bacteria and other suspended particles. They may also be withdrawn, as is the case here. The flagellum has not been frozen by the photography and what we see is the beat envelope. Phase contrast.

Actinomonas (ack-tin-owe-moan-ass) mirabilis is to all intents and purposes indistinguishable from Pteridomonas danica (there are small ultrastructural differences). Cells are 4 to 6 microns long and have one flagellum emerging from a small depression in the anterior end of the cell. The cells have a ring of arms around the flagellum and below the equator of the cell, the arms around the flagellum are evenly spaced. The anterior part of the cell is slightly broader than the posterior part. The single thickened flagellum is about 3 - 5 times the cell length and has an undulating beat. The cells usually swim rapidly, but occasionally attach to the substrate with a long posterior stalk trailing. Small particles are seen on the cell surface. Sometimes commonly observed.

Actinomonas mirabilis Kent, 1880. Colourless pedinellid, cell body measuring 5-8 microns, and often stalked. Arms present, up to two rings of 12 arms each around the anterior flagellum and extending from other parts of the body. When disturbed may swim with arms trailing from posterior.