Virile Crayfish

Orconectes virilis (Hagen)

Cambarus virilis Hagen, 1870:63, pl. 1: figs. 23–28; pl. 2: figs. 128–132; pl. 3: fig. 155; pl. 8.

Cambarus debilis Bundy, 1876:24. [Type, MCZ 3449 (II). Type-locality, Barraboo River, Ironton, Sauk County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus wisconsinensis Bundy, 1876:4. [Type, MCZ 3448 (II). Type-locality, Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus couesi Streets, 1877:803. [Syntypes, USNM 3154 (7 I. 3juv., 5 juv.), MCZ 3545 (I, , II). Type-locality, Red River of the North, near Pembina, Pembina County, North Dakota.]

Cambarus viriles.—Bundy, 1882:180 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus viridis.—Moenkhaus, 1904:17 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) virilis.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.—Creaser, 1932:326, figs. 1, 2, 8.

Faxonius virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) virilis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Hobbs, 1942a: 352 [by implication]; 1972b: 91, figs. 72h, 73e.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) virilis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconnectes virilis.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus virilus.—Hama, 1961:329 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus viridis.—Bacescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Cambarus) virilis.—Mason, 1970b:975.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 194 ( I, II, 4 , 2 ovig.), MCZ 196 (7 I 3 II, 3 , juv., juv.), MCZ 203 (II, 3), MCZ 1151 (I), MCZ 3342 (I, 5 II, , 2juv., juv.), MCZ 3343 (4 I, ), MCZ 3344 ( II, 2, juv., 3 juv.), MHNP, Würzburg Mus., AMS.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Lake Superior,” restricted by Faxon (1914:420).

RANGE.—From Saskatchewan to Ontario, Canada, and from Montana and Wyoming to New York and southwestern Maine. Introduced into California (Riegel, 1959:29, 37), Maryland (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28), parts of New England, and Tennessee (R. W. Bouchard, personal communication).

HABITAT.—Lakes and streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis Hagen

Cambarus virilis Hagen. 1870:63, pl. 1: figs. 23–28, pl. 2: figs. 128–132, pl. 3: fig. 155, pl.8.

Cambarus wisconsinensis Bundy, 1876:4. [Type. MCZ 3448 (male II). Type locality, Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus debilis Bundy, 1876:24. [Type, MCZ 3448 (male II). Type Locality. Bamboo River, Ironton, Sauk County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus couesi Streets, 1877:803. [Syntypes, USNM 3154 (7 male I. 3 juvenile male, 5 juvenile female), MCZ 3545 (male I, female, male II). Type locality, Red River of the North, near Pembina, Pembina County, North Dakota.]

Cambarus viriles.—Bundy, 1882:180 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus cousii.—Bundy, 1883:402 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Couesi.—Faxon, 1885a:97.

Cambarus wisconsiensis.—Harris, 1900:271 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus cousei.—Harris, 1903:134 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus viridis.—Moenkhaus, 1904:111 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) virilism—Ortmann, 1905c:113.—Creaser, 1932:326, figs. 1, 2, 8.

cambarus virilis.—Harmon, 1910: fig. 1 [lapsus].

Cambarus virile.—Léger, 1924:1206 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) Virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:21 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1972b:91, figs. 72h, 73e; 1974b:42, fig 162.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Page, 1985b:417, figs. 151–154.—Pflieger, 1987a:22; 1987b:6.

Orconectes (Orcorneclts) virilis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling],

Cambarus virilus.—Hama, 1961:329 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis virilus.—Dudel, 1965:324 [erroneous spelling).

Camburus viridis.—Bicescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling],

Orconectes (Cambarus) virilis.—Mason, 1970b:975.

Oronectes virilis.—Durliat and Vranckx, 1976:474 [erroneous spelling].

Orconelctes virilis.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes virilis.—Huner, 1981:47 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54, fig. 5.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 194 (male I, male II, 4 female, 2 ovigerous female), MCZ 196 (7 male 1, 3 male II, 3 female, juv. male, juv. female), MCZ 203 (male II, 3 female), MCZ 1151 (male I), MCZ 3342 (male I, 5 male II, female, 2 juv. male, juv. female), MCZ 3343 (4 male I, female), MCZ 3344 (male II, 2 female, juv. male, 3 juv. female), MHNP, Würzburg Mus., AMS.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Lake Superior,” restricted by Faxon, (1914:420).

RANGE.—From Saskatchewan to Ontario, Canada, and from Montana and Utah to Arkansas, New York, and Maine. Introduced into California (Riegel, 1959:29, 37); Maryland (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28); parts of New England (Crocker, 1979:247; D.G. Smith, 1979:388); Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, and West Viginia (Bouchard, 1976a:583); Utah (Johnson, 1986:630); New York (Crocker, 1979:247); Chihuahua, Mexico (Campos and Contreras, 1985:218); and Pennsylvania (specimen in National Museum of Natural History from Adams County). See “Remarks” under O. (G.) causeyi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1898:656 [in part].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication, in part].