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Cuban Stripeless Leaf Litter Frog

Eleutherodactylus tetajulia Estrada & Hedges 1996

Description

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Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a tiny frog, with males reaching only 12 mm in SVL and the larger females up to 14 mm in SVL. The digits are small and the digital discs are absent. There is no webbing between the toes. The vomerine teeth, behind the choanae, are in a curved series (Estrada and Hedges 1996). It is coppery-brown dorsally with a dark brown mid-dorsal hourglass-shaped blotch. There is a narrow, whitish mid-dorsal line which is absent on the tip of the snout. The flanks are coppery-red. Other markings include a narrow black interocular bar, a dark brown horseshoe-shaped sacral mark (with coppery color inside) and black supratympanic and groin bars. The forearm is reddish-brown and the arm is brown with a black bar. The thighs each have three black bars and the shanks have three dark brown crossbars. The venter is purple with white markings. (Estrada and Hedges 1996).Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a member of the subgenus Euhyas (Heinicke et al., 2007). Etymology- From the Spanish, a noun in apposition, referring to Las Tetas de Julia (the breasts of Julia), two prominent peaks near the type locality (Estrada and Hedges 1996).

Reference

Hedges, S. B. and Díaz, L. M. (2004). Eleutherodactylus tetajulia. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http://www.iucnredlist.org/. Downloaded on 11 November 2007.

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Distribution and Habitat

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This species is endemic to Cuba and it is found only in isolated localities of the Sagua-Baracoa mountains, in eastern Cuba. It occurs between 300-600 m above sea level. This is a terrestrial species found in the leaf litter of rainforests and secondary hardwood forests (Estrada and Hedges 1996).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Males vocalize during both day and night from concealed locations on the forest floor. Calls consist of a series of 4-13 evenly spaced “chirps”, somewhat similar to those of E. intermedius. The dominant frequency is about 3.8-3.9 kHz. Males apparently attend the clutch and provide parental care; one individual was captured along with six eggs and a female, within a hole formed by the decayed canter of a tree fern about 10 cm above the ground (Estrada and Hedges 1996).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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The major threat is habitat destruction and deforestation, as a result of the impacts of subsistence farming and logging. Mining may also pose a threat to this species (Hedges and Diaz 2004).
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Eleutherodactylus tetajulia

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Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Cuba and is known from the Sierra de Cristal, Monte Iberia, Tetas de Julia, and Meseta del Toldo in the Holguín and Guantánamo Provinces.[3] The specific name tetajulia refers to Las Tetas de Julia (=the breasts of Julia), a pair of prominent peaks on Monte Iberia, near the type locality of this species.[2]

Description

Three adult males in the type series measure 11.6–12.3 mm (0.46–0.48 in) and two adult females 13–14 mm (0.5–0.6 in) in snout–vent length. The head is as wide as the body, The snout is subacuminate. The tympanum is round and dorsally concealed by the supra-tympanic fold. The fingers and the toes have weak lateral ridges. Skin is dorsally weakly rugose and ventrally smooth. The dorsal ground color is coppery brown. There is a dark brown middorsal hour glass-shaped marking, narrow, black interocular bar, dark brown horseshoe-shaped sacral marking, and black supra-tympanic and groin bars. The venter is purple with white marking.[2]

The male advertisement call is a series of 4–13 (mean 9.4) evenly spaced "chirps".[2]

Habitat and conservation

Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a terrestrial frog occurring in closed mesic forests at elevations of 300–600 m (980–1,970 ft) above sea level.[1] The type series was collected at night while the animals were active on leaf litter. One pair, a male and a female, were found in a hole formed by the decayed center of a tree fern some 10 cm (4 in) above the ground. Along with them were six eggs, probably from another female.[2] Development is direct (i.e., no free-living larval stage).[1]

This species is threatened by habitat destruction and deforestation caused by subsistence farming and charcoaling; also mining is a potential threat. It occurs in the Alejandro de Humboldt National Park, but the park is not effectively managed.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Blair Hedges, Luis Díaz (2004). "Eleutherodactylus tetajulia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T57001A11562958. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57001A11562958.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e Estrada, Alberto R. & Hedges, S. Blair (1996). "A new frog of the Eleutherodactylus from eastern Cuba (Anura: Leptodactylidae)". Herpetologica. 52 (3): 435–439. JSTOR 3892663.
  3. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Eleutherodactylus tetajulia Estrada and Hedges, 1996". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
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Eleutherodactylus tetajulia: Brief Summary

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Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Cuba and is known from the Sierra de Cristal, Monte Iberia, Tetas de Julia, and Meseta del Toldo in the Holguín and Guantánamo Provinces. The specific name tetajulia refers to Las Tetas de Julia (=the breasts of Julia), a pair of prominent peaks on Monte Iberia, near the type locality of this species.

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